• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.292-297
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• 2002

Fire is known as one of the most common causes of stroke. Chest fever with dysphoria caused by heat in the stomach is one of the fire symptoms, meaning feeling oppressed in the chest. We observed two stroke patients who had chest fever with dysphoria. These patients' clinical symptoms were headache, thirst, heat in the upper part of the body and constipation. They were diagnosed as Chest fever with dysphoria. It is assumed that Exuberance of Yang causes heat. We treated them with Yangkyuksanhoa-tang(凉膈散火湯) based on Dong Ui Su Se Bo Won for about 2 weeks. During this period, we observed that their symptoms of heat in the upper part of the body and constipation had been improved. We suggest that Yangkyuksanhoa-tang makes the balance between water and fire, and improves chest fever with dysphoria of stroke patients.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.274-279
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• 2002

The sick sinus syndrome refers to a combination of symptoms (dizziness, confusion, fatigue, syncope, and congestive heart failure) caused by sinus node dysfunction and marked sinus bradycardia, sinoarterial block, or sinus arrest. 'Abdominal pulsation' means a disagreeable symptom that is defined as sensation of beating at the abdomen. We experienced a 84 year-old female patient who had dizziness, fatigue, abdominal pulsation and frequent voiding. These symptoms were related to previous episodes and presumed sick sinus syndrome by symptoms, ECGs and 24 hrs of holter monitoring. In the point of Differentiation of Syndrome (辨證), this patient was diagnosed as 'Water retention(水氣)' and was administered with Yeonggyechulgam-tang(岺桂朮甘湯). After the treatment, abdominal pulsation (frequency) and dizziness (VAS) were improved. Futhermore, the interval of voiding was longer and each volume of urination increased.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.799-805
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• 2009

Objectives : This study was aimed to assess characteristics in acute stroke patients according to abdominal obesity. Method : 1,506 subjects were included from the patients admitted to the Internal Medical Department at Kyunghee University Oriental Medical Center, Kyunghee University East-West Neo Medical Center, Kyungwon University Songpa Oriental Medical Center, Kyungwon University Incheon Oriental Medical Center, and D ongguk University Ilsan Oriental Medical Center from April 2007 to August 2009. Results : 1. Considering the demographic variables of the patients, the gender, older age, diabetes, hyperlipidemia and multiple infarction were significantly higher in the abdominal obesity group than in the control group. 2. Sasang constitution and oriental medical diagnosis showed significant difference in the abdominal obesity group. By oriental medical diagnosis, the D amp ness-Phlegm group was significantly higher in abdominal obesity group than in the control group. According to this analysis, we observed the general disposition of various characteristic distributions according to abdominal obesity in acute stoke patients These results can be utilized in the future as a basis material.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.92-98
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• 2002

Objective : To estimate the burden of cardiovascular disease attributable to the total suspended particulates (TSP) and sulfur dioxide ($SO_2$) in Korea using the YLD (years lived with disability) measurement. Methods : Congestive heart failure(CHF) and myocardial infarction (MI) were chosen as the main cardiovascular diseases whose causes are attributable to the TSP and $SO_2$ levels. In order to calculate the YLD (years lived with a disability), the following parameters in the formula were estimated. : the incidence rate, the case fatality rate, The expected duration of a disability and the average age of onset were estimated. The expected duration of a disability and the average age of onset were calculated using the DISMOD method, as developed by the GBD researchers. The burden of cardiovascular disease due to TSP and $SO_2$ was estimated using the number of years that the patient lived with a disability. Results : The VLD of the CHF due to the TSP and $SO_2$ was attributed to the TSP (94.4 person-year) and $SO_2$ levels (35.0 person-year). The YLD of the ME due to the TSP and $SO_2$ was attributed to the TSP (148.4 person-year) and $SO_2$ levels(27.6 person-year). Conclusion : The YLD method employed in this study was appropriate for quantifying the burden of cardiovascular disease. Therefore, it would provide a rational basis for planning a national health policy regarding the disease burden of the risk factors in Korea.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.327-340
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• 2008

This study was designed to investigate the correlation between nutrition status and cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes patients with metabolic syndrome. The subjects were 66 patients and divided into Non MS (a group without metabolic syndrome, n = 37) and MS (a group with metabolic syndrome, n = 29). The percentage of patients accompanying metabolic syndrome was 43.9% and family history such as DM, skipping meal and eating speed were higher in MS (P < 0.05) The average values of BMI, body fat (%), waist circumference were significantly higher in patients of MS than that of Non MS. For hamatological values, MS showed higher FRS, HOMA-IR, LDL-Cholesterol, CRP. Percentage of FRS was 21.63% in MS that is relatively higher in comparison with 16.81% in Non MS. Moreover, the incidence of cardiovascular disease appeared 13.8% in MS that is higher than 2.7% in Non MS. The intake of sodium and vitamin E were higher, but the intake of fat, vitamin A and zinc were lower in MS than in Non MS. Close correlations were elucidated among FRS, occurrence of cardiovascular disease, weight, waist circumference, Total-Cholesterol, LDLCholesterol, sodium in both groups. In conclusion, cardiovascular disease risk factors would be higher in type 2 diabetes patients with metabolic syndrome and there were distinctive patterns that were associated with hamatological values, nutrition intake risk factors. This result should be considered when designing nutrition study and intervetion programs.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.103-111
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• 2019

The study is to investigate effects of andrographolide on experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM). Lewis rats were immunized on day 0 with porcine cardiac myosin to establish EAM. The EAM rats were treated with either andrographolide (25, 50, 100 mg/kg/day) or vehicle for 21 days. An antigen-specific splenocytes proliferation assay was performed by using the cells from control rats immunized with cardiac myosin. Survival rates, myocardial pathology and myocardial functional parameters (left ventricle end-diastolic pressure, ${\pm}dP/dt$ and left ventricular internal dimension) of EAM rats received andrographolide were significantly improved. Andrographolide treatment caused an decrease in the infiltration of $CD3^+$ and $CD14^+$ positive cells in myocardial tissue. Moreover, andrographolide treatment caused a reduction in the plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-17 (IL-17) and myosin-antibody, and an increase in the level of IL-10 in EAM rats. Oral administration of andrographolide resulted in the decreased expression of p-PI3K, p-Akt without any change of PI3K and Akt. Further results indicate andrographolide significantly inhibited myosin-induced proliferation in splenocytes, and this effect was inhibited by co-treatment of SC79 (Akt activator). Our data indicate andrographolide inhibits development of EAM, and this beneficial effect may be due to powerful anti-inflammatory activity and inhibitory effect on PI3K/Akt pathway.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.56-59
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• 2012

Aspergillus is a ubiquitous fungus and can cause many levels of disease severity. Chronic necrotizing aspergillosis is a rare disease and few cases have been reported in Korea. We experienced a case of pleural aspergillosis that was treated successfully with medical and surgical interventions. The 52-year-old man who was diagnosed with chronic necrotizing pulmonary aspergillosis underwent surgical treatment including a lobectomy, decortication, and myoplasty. The patient was also medically treated with amphotericin B followed by voriconazole. Pleural irrigation with amphotericin B was also performed. A multi-dimensional approach should be considered for treating chronic necrotizing pulmonary aspergillosis.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.428-437
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• 2013

Objectives : The aim of this study was to examine if there is a significant correlation between the changes of Fire- and Heat- related symptoms and motor function recovery in acute cerebral infarction patients. Methods : We studied inpatients within a month after the onset of cerebral infarction who were admitted at Kyunghee University Medical Center from May 2011 to January 2013. We executed correlation analysis between Fire-heat pattern score and motricity index score at visit 1 and visit 2, and checked if there was a significant correlation between the changes of Fire-heat pattern score and changes of motricity index score. Also, we compared the changes of both scores in patients taking Fire-heat and non Fire-heat pattern prescriptions. Results : There was a significant correlation between the Fire-heat pattern score and Motricity index score at visit 1 and visit 2, and changes of Fire-heat pattern score showed significant correlation with changes of motricity index score. Patients taking Fire-heat pattern prescriptions showed significant change in Fire-heat pattern score after herb-medication treatment while patients taking non-Fire-heat prescriptions showed insignificant change in Fire-heat pattern score. Conclusions : This study provides evidence that taking a Fire-heat pattern prescription could be considered as a first line herb-medication treatment in acute cerebral infarction patients.

• The Journal of the Society of Stroke on Korean Medicine
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.8-15
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• 2011

Objectives : The aim of this study was to examine the Differences of symptom improvement depending on correspondance of Herb medicine with Oriental Medical Diagnosis in Acute Stroke Patient. Methods : We studied hospitalized patients within 10days after their ictus who were admitted at Kyunghee University Oriental Medical Center from May 2011 to October 2011. We compared the improvement of MI and SSS score between Correspondance group(n=9) and Non-correspondance group(n=13). Results : The patients who had corresponding herb medicine with Oriental Medical Diagnosis show much improvement of MI score, but there is no significant difference. There is no significant difference on improvement of SSS score, between Correspondance and Non-correspondance. Conclusion : This study provides evidence that correspondance of herb medicine with Oriental Medical Diagnosis is important to improve the symptoms of acute stroke.

• The Journal of the Society of Stroke on Korean Medicine
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.33-42
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• 2012

Object : The aim of this study was to assess the clinical indicators related to Pattern-Identification(PI) in acute cerebral infarction patients. Methods : We studied hospitalized patients within 30days after ictus, who admitted at Korean Medicine Center of Kyung-Hee University from January 2010 to October 2012.(n=290) Two Traditional Korean Medicine(TKM) physicians evaluated the patients independently and diagnosed PI. Inter-rater reliability was measured using simple percentage agreement and the Cohen's kappa(κ) coefficient. To assess the clinical indicators closely related to each PI, we analysed average score of each indicator in each group. Results : Simple percentage agreement of PI between raters was 64.83% and Cohen's kappa(κ) coefficient was 0.526(95% CI: 0.451-0.600). Inter-rater reliability level was fair to good. We analysed the clinical indicators in each group. Significant indicators for Fire-Heat Pattern(FHP) were reddened complexion and strong pulse power, and meaningful indicators for FHP were halitosis and thick tongue fur. Significant indicator for Dampness-Phlegm Pattern(DPP) was overweight and there was no meaningful indicator. Significant indicator for Yin-Deficiency Pattern(YDP) was dry tongue fur and meaningful indicator for YDP was thirst. There was no significant indicator for Qi-Deficiency Pattern(QDP) and pale complexion and faint low voice were meaningful indicators for QDP. Conclusions : This study reveals the significant and meaningful clinical indicators related to each Pattern-Identification in acute cerebral infarction patients. It will contribute to standardization of Korean Medical Diagnosis and Treatment in acute cerebral infarction patients.