• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.322-327
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• 2019

Purpose: This study examined the influence of the maximal aerobic capacity on the two-year cardiac-related re-hospitalization in patients with heart failure with a reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) in Korean society. Methods: The maximal aerobic capacity of the study population (n=95, male 63%) was evaluated using a cardiopulmonary exercise (CPX) testing system. Each patient was followed up for two years to divide the HFrEF patients into two groups according to cardiac-related re-hospitalization: re-hospitalization (RH) group (n=29, 30%) and no re-hospitalization (NRH) group (n=66, 70%). Results: The relative peak $VO_2$ (mL/kg/min, p<0.001), exercise duration (p<0.001), respiratory exchange ratio ($VCO_2/VO_2$, p=0.001), systolic blood pressure (SBP) reserve (p=0.004), heart rate (HR) reserve (p=0.007), SBP max (p=0.02), and HR max (p=0.039) were significantly lower in the RH group than the NRH group during the CPX test. On the other hand, the ventilatory efficiency (VE/VCO2 slope, p=0.02) and age (p=0.022) were significantly higher in the RH group than in the NRH group. In binary logistic regression analysis, the relative peak $VO_2$ (p=0.001, Wald Chi-square 10.137) was the strongest predictive factor on cardiac-related re-hospitalization, which was followed by $VCO_2/VO_2$ (p=0.019, Wald Chi-square 5.54). On the other hand, age (p=0.063, Wald Chi-square 3.445) did not have a significant influence on cardiac related re-hospitalization. Conclusion: The maximal aerobic capacity, especially the relative peak $VO_2$, is the strongest factor on cardiac-related re-hospitalization within two years in patients with HFrEF in Korean society.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.26-32
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• 2005

This study was purposed to provide basic information on the correct application of a wheelchair's backrest angle by investigating the change in cardiopulmonary function according to backrest angle during propulsion. This study examined the effects of the wheelchair's backrest angle on the cardiopulmonary function by varying the angle to $0^{\circ}$, $10^{\circ}$ and $20^{\circ}$ with a propulsion velocity of 60 m/min. The experimental parameters were respiration rate, oxygen consumption rate and oxygen consumption rate/kg which were measured by a portable wireless oxygen consumption meter (COSMED, $K4b^2$). The results of the study were as follows: 1) There were no statistically significant differences in respiration rates due to changes in the wheelchair backrest angle (p>.05). 2) There were statistically significant differences in oxygen consumption rates due to changes in the wheelchair backrest angle (p<.05). 3) There were also statistically significant differences in the oxygen consumption rate/kg due to changes in the wheelchair backrest angle (p<.05). In conclusion, changes in the backrest angle of wheelchairs during propulsion influences oxygen consumption rates and heart rates, while respiration rates are not affected. Therefore, a training program for good seating and posture needs to be provided, and the wheelchair seating system should be equipped with the unadjustable-angle wheelchair to reduce the functional load on the cardiopulmonary system.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.179-186
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• 2021

Background: Patients with advanced asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have postural deviations such as thoracic hyperkyphosis, forward shoulder posture (FSP) due to an increase in head and cervical protraction, reduced shoulder range of motion and a corresponding increase in scapula elevation and upward rotation. Unlike congenital vertebral kyphosis that are permanent and rigid deformities with bony and other structural deformations which cause respiratory impairment, these deformities in these patients may be more flexible. Since the thoracic hyperkyphosis has been implicated as having adverse health consequences it is necessary to evaluated the relationship between thoracic kyphosis and cardiopulmonary functions of patients with COPD and asthma. Methods: It was a cross-sectional analytical study. Eighty-four eligible patients with COPD and asthma were recruited from the Respiratory Unit, Department of Medicine, Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH), and basic anthropometric parameters, pulmonary parameters, cardiovascular parameters, thoracic kyphosis (Cobb) angle and presence of respiratory symptoms of participants were assessed. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20. Results: There was no significant correlation between the thoracic kyphosis and selected pulmonary parameters (Forced Expiratory Volume in one second (FEV1, p=0.36), Forced Vital Capacity (FVC, p=0.95), Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR, p=0.16), Thoracic expansion (TE, p=0.27)/cardiovascular parameters (Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP, p=0.108), Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP, p=0.17) and Pulse Rate (PR, p=0.93) as well as the respiratory symptoms (SGRQ scores, p=0.11) in all subjects. Conclusion: There was no relationship between thoracic kyphosis and selected pulmonary/cardiovascular parameters as well as respiratory symptoms in patients with COPD and asthma.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.107-114
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• 2001

Recently the number of elderly have been increasing at a rapid pace in Korea. Accompanying this aged society are numerous health problems. Whit this in mind health-promotion behaviors such as physical activity. good nutrition and stress management are vitally important to the elderly in reducing the risk of Health problems, maintaining health and improving the overall quality of life. Health promotion programs for the elderly must be developed. The purpose of th is study was to determine influential cognitive factors on health-promotion behaviors and the effects of previously implemented Health promotion programs. For this, previous studies were reviewed and analyzed. The results were as follows. 1. Cognitive factors on health-promotion behaviors were internal locus of control, perceived health status, self-efficacy, concerns about health, social support, attending social activities. 2. Components of health promotion programs were exercise and health education. Exercise was performed in most programs. The effects of exercise programs were improved flexibility, muscle strength. balance, cardiopulmonary function and elevated ability of daily living, perceived health status, quality of lift and a decrease depression. The results strongly suggest that complex health promotion programs should be developed. Health promotion programs need to include exercise, health education, health counseling and social activities. We have to consider cognitive factors on health-promotion behaviors.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제84권2호
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• pp.140-147
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• 2021

Background: For generations, cigarette smoking has presented an important public health concern. This study aimed to compare the health-promoting behavior, exercise capacity, physical activity level, health literacy, and knowledge level of smoking-related diseases between smokers and non-smokers. Methods: The study included 71 smokers (mean age, 32.69±8.55 years) and 72 non-smokers (mean age, 31.88±9.94 years) between the ages of 20 and 60 years. Assessments included a 6-minute walking test (6MWT), Godin Leisure-Time Physical Activity Questionnaire, Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (HPLP-II), Cardiovascular Risk Factors Knowledge Level Scale (CARRF-KL), Asthma/COPD Awareness Questionnaire, the World Health Organization Quality of Life-Bref questionnaire (WHOQoL-Bref [TR]), and Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLQ). Results: The results from the study show that the number of coronary artery disease risk factors measured significantly higher among the smoker group members when compared to that of the non-smoker group members (p=0.001). Smokers had significantly lower %6MWT distance than non-smokers (84.83±4.72 and 93.45±7.16, respectively; p<0.05). However, there were no significant differences between the smokers and non-smokers in terms of physical activity, CARRF-KL, HLQ, WHOQoL-Bref, and HPLP-II subscales or total scores (p>0.05). Additionally, while only forty-one smokers (57.7%) were active, 48 of the non-smoker group was active (66.7%). Conclusion: Smokers suffer greater negative effects to their exercise capacity in comparison to non-smokers. Although smokers and non-smokers have similar levels of health literacy and similar levels of knowledge about cardiovascular disease risk factors and obstructive lung diseases, health professionals could continue to further increase individuals' awareness of smoking-related risk factors and continue to emphasize the importance of physical activity and exercise for protecting cardiopulmonary health.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.303-309
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• 2021

본 연구는 보행 훈련시 심박수의 변화에 따라 보행속도를 조절하여 뇌졸중 환자의 심폐기능의 변화를 알아보고자 하였다. 대상자는 만성 뇌졸중 환자 20명을 무작위로 실험군과 대조군으로 분류하여 연구를 진행하였다. 실험군은 심박수 측정기를 착용한 상태로 트레드밀에서 심박수의 변화에 따라 보행속도를 증가 또는 감소시키면서 보행훈련을 실시하였고, 대조군은 대상자의 주관적인 속도에 의해 보행훈련을 실시하였다. 보행훈련 사이에 10분 간격으로 1분씩 휴식시간을 부여했으며 주 3회씩 총 6주간 중재를 실시하였다. 대상자들의 중재이후의 변화를 살펴보기 위하여 폐활량(VC), 호기예비용적(ERV), 흡기예비용적(IRV) 노력성 폐활량(FVC), 1초간 노력성 호기량(FEV1), 최대 호기 속도(PEF)를 측정하여 심폐기능의 변화를 확인하였다. 연구결과 폐활량, 흡기예비용적, 호기예비용적에서 집단과 시기사이에서 상호작용을 나타내었으며 주효과인 집단 및 시기 간 유의한 차이도 나타났다(p<.05), 1초간 노력성 호기량, 노력성 폐활량, 최대 호기속도에서는 그룹과 시기사이에서 상호작용이 나타나지 않았다. 주 효과에서는 집단 간 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았으나(p>.05) 시기 간에는 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<.05). 연구결과 보행과정에서 심박수의 변화에 따라 속도를 변화시켜 훈련을 시행할 경우 심폐기능의 유의한 향상을 보인 것으로 보아 보행 훈련시 속도변화를 통해 훈련을 할 경우 심폐기능의 유의한 변화를 이끌어 낼 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.60-69
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• 2004

Many methods have been described for the early intervention of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is lateral and rotational spinal curvature in absence of associated congenital or neurologic abnormalities, the most common type of scoliosis observed in child and young adults, and refers to curves that develop after the age of $10{\sim}18$. The curves of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis have the potential to progress rapidly during growth. Curves are currently universally measured by the Cobb's method and Ferguson method. Some curves do not remain small, these may be mildly or severely progressive and the ribs on the convex side of the curve separate, and those on the concave side ribs approximate so rib undergoes deformation with rib humping. The latter may make angles that can affect vestibular system, balance, sensory, especially cardipulmonary function. Intervention for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is based on the patient's age, the angular value of the curve, the maturity of their skeleton, and the topography. The purpose of intervention for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis consists of knowing how to go to the best approach the correction of the lateral curve and rotational deformity holding the achieved for the remainder of spinal growth, preventing significant cosmetic abnormality, pain and cardiopulmonary complication, control the muscle imbalance and proprioceptive postural disturbances, be less need for radical surgery to avoid early surgery.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.149-157
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of different exercise types including isokinetic, isometric, and istonic exercise of same exercise intensity on cardiopulmonary function and blood lactate level. The subjects of this study included 17 males college students. Each subjects after pretraining measurement performed isokinetic, isometric and isotonic exercise of 1 week interval using Cybex 6000 System. KBI-C and YSI 1500 were used to measure changes in cardiopulmonary function and blood lactate level respectively. First, comparing changes in RPP relative to exercise type, isokinetic group showed significant difference between before exercise ($7.08{\pm}1.12mg/kg/min$) and post exercise ($18.98{\pm}1.75mg/kg/min$). Isometric group showed that significant difference between before exercise($7.89{\pm}0.98mg/kg/min$) and post exercise($20.22{\pm}2.41mg/kg/min$). Isotonic group showed significant difference between before exercise ($8.14{\pm}0.11mg/kg/min$) and post exercise ($19.84{\pm}2.30\;mg/kg/min$). Second, comparing changes in blood lactate level relative to exercise type, isokineic group showed significant difference between before exercise ($2.99{\pm}0.65mmol$) and post exercise ($6.55{\pm}6.55mmol$). Isometric group showed significant difference between before exercise($1.71{\pm}5.48mmol$) and post exercise ($5.48{\pm}1.97mmol$). Isotonic group showed significant difference between before exercise($1.16{\pm}0.48mmol$) and post exercise($5.21{\pm}1.28mmol$). The results of this study indicate significant differences RPP in isometric exercise and significant differences blood lactate in isotonic exercise.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.281-286
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the correlations among the resting physical factors related to a six-minute walk test (6MWT) and to determine the effects of the resting physical factors on the distance and intensity related to the 6MWT in healthy female subjects. Methods: A total of 43 healthy female subjects ($22.84{\pm}3.90yrs$) participated in this study. They performed the 6MWT, and the physical factors related to the 6MWT were assessed. SPSS 20.0 was used to analyze the data, and the mean and standard deviation were calculated, and the collected data were analyzed by the Pearson's correlation coefficient (among physical factors related to 6MWT) and independent t-test (between six-minute walk distance [6MWD] groups and six-minute walk intensity [6MWI] groups). Results: The 6MWD had a significant negative correlation with the resting HR (beat/min) in healthy female subjects (r=-0.49, p<0.05). The 6MWI had a significant negative correlation with the resting systolic blood pressure (SBP) (r=-0.45, p<0.01). A comparison of the 6MWD revealed the long distance group (LDG, 700-799 m) to be significantly higher than the middle distance group (MDG, 600-699 m) in the 6MWI (%), %predicted distance (%), predicted VO2max (mL/kg/min), resting HR (beat/min), and resting SBP (mmHg)(p<0.05). In the comparison of 6MWI, the moderate intensity group (MIG, 64-75%HRmax) was significantly lower than the low intensity group (LIG, 50-63%HRmax) in the resting SBP (mmHg) (p<0.05). Conclusion: These results suggest that the resting physical factors are related to the 6MWD and 6MWI of the 6MWT in healthy females. In particular, SBP is associated with not only the 6MWD but also the 6MWI in 6MWT.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.79-87
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• 2020

Purpose: This study sought to determine how the act of performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) affects the rescuer's muscle tone, stiffness, and fatigue in the lumbar region. Methods: The research subjects were 30 healthy men in their twenties in possession of a Basic Life Support (BLS) provider certificate. In this study, the CPR rescuer's muscle tone and stiffness in the upper and lower lumbar regions were measured in the resting position, starting position, and position after 10 min. Their level of fatigue was measured before and after performing CPR. Results: Muscle tone and stiffness in the upper and lower lumbar regions of the research subjects significantly increased throughout the CPR process and lasted up to 10 min after the process (p<.001). The subjects' fatigue also significantly increased post-CPR (p<.001). Conclusion: This study suggests that performing CPR creates muscular and physiological stress, fatigue, and ultimately, lower back pain.