• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.82 no.6
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• pp.1594-1599
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• 2021

A 64-year-old male visited our emergency department due to severe right flank pain after falling from a 2-meter height. Contrast-enhanced CT revealed a right hemothorax with multiple fractures in the right ribs and iliac bone. A small hematoma in the right perihepatic space was noted, but there was no hepatic laceration on CT. Initial surgical management led to continuous uncontrolled bleeding around the porta hepatis, and subsequent arterial angiography could not demonstrate a bleeding focus. However, immediate follow-up CT showed contrast extravasation on the left side of abdomen, and a percutaneous transhepatic portal venogram revealed active bleeding from the left portal vein. Although the wound was embolized with a glue, the patient suffered from a cardiac arrest and finally expired. In conclusion, during evaluation of abdominal trauma patients, portal vein bleeding and contrecoup injuries should be considered when hepatic arteriography findings are unremarkable.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.137-140
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• 2002

Aortic regurgitation in the pediatrics who had previous cardiac surgery is increased with their improved longterm survival rate and their complexity of heart disease. So the need of aortic valve surgery in pediatrics is also on the increase. A 10-year old boy was admitted for progressive cyanosis and dyspnea on exertion(DOE). The patient had been underwent lateral tunnel Fontan operation before. Echocardiography and cardiac catheterization study revealed hepatic vein drained to pulmonary atrium via intrahepatic collaterals, moderate atrioventricular regurgitation, and severe aortic regurgitation due to aortic root dilation. We report a case who had aortic root reconstruction, valvuloplasty of the atrioventricular valve, and hepatic vein ligation successfully Cyanosis and DOE was dramatically improved after the operation

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.314-322
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• 2014

Purpose: Diastolic dysfunction is a common problem in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). The purpose of this study was to assess the role of MRI in the assessment of diastolic function using mitral valve and pulmonary vein flow velocities in HCM patients. Methods and Results: Phase-contrast MRI (mitral valve and pulmonary vein) and transthoracic echocardiography was successfully performed for 59 HCM patients (44 men and 15 women; mean age, 51 years). Forty-nine patients had a diastolic dysfunction; grade 1 (n = 20), grade 2 (n = 27), and grade 3 (n = 2) using echocardiography, and ten patients had normal diastolic function. The transmitral inflow parameters (E, A, and E/A ratios) obtained by MRI showed positive correlation with the same parameters measured by echocardiography (Pearson's r values were 0.47, 0.60, and 0.75 for E, A, E/A, respectively, all P < 0.001). With the flow information of the pulmonary vein from cardiac MRI, pseudo-normalized pattern (n = 8) could be distinguished from true normal filling pattern (n = 17), and the diastolic function grades by cardiac MRI showed moderate agreement with those of echocardiography (kappa value = 0.45, P < 0.001). Conclusions: Assessment of left ventricle diastolic function is feasible using phase-contrast MRI in HCM patients. Analysis of pulmonary vein flow velocity on MRI is useful for differentiating pseudo-normal from normal diastolic function in HCM patients.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.255-261
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• 1998

A clinical evaluation was performed on 11 cases of the cardiac rupture by blunt chest trauma at the department of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery, Yeungnam University Hospital during the period from July, 1993 to May, 1995. The results were as follows ; The sex distribution was 8 mem and one women, and mean age was 41 years old. The causes of accident was traffic accident in most cases. And then one case was cultivator accident and another one was fall down. The average times from trauma to admission was 139 minutes and the patients that transferred via other hospitals have relatively long average times to 227 minutes. The average times from admission to operation was 117 minutes and we consumed 25 minutes for the preoperative preparation. The sites of injury were 7 cases in the right heart and 3 cases in the left heart. There were symptoms and signs of the cardiac tamponade(dyspnea, chest pain, nausea/vomitus, neck vein distention & hypovolemic shock) at admission and in most of them typical symptoms and signs of a tamponade appeared. Surgical approach was performed with median sternotomy in 10 cases. Subxiphoid pericardial window was created in one case. Another case which was very difficult in surgical procedure was operated under cardiopulmonary bypass and the result was good.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.57-75
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• 1966

This study was conducted to observe the condition of the ramifications of the bronchus and pulmonary blood vascular system by injecting the vinylite into the bronchial tree and pulmonary blood vessels in 100 normal adult dogs. The results obtained were summarized as follows: 1. Lungs of dog were composed of the same pulmonary territories as in lungs of human. 2. Cardiac lobe corresponding to R.medio-bassalis of human lungs was well developed and situated as a independent cardiac lobe, in ventral side of right lung. 3. Bronchial tree were in the patterns of axial divergency and blood vascular systems were (in general) branched along the bronchial tree, arteries lying near the bronchial tree but veins apart from it. 4. Among the branching patterns of bronchus pulmonary artery and pulmonary vein in each lobe, the type presented most frequently were noted, which were designated basic type by the author. 5. Pulmonary blood vessels were not always branched in accordance with bronchial tree, diverged inmore complex patterns, especially in venous vascular system. 6. Ramus anterior (lobe apicalis) was always observed in all casting specimen. 7. There was a case of peculiar variation patterns of the ramification in the bronchi directing into the left apical and cardiac lobe, arose respectivelly, at independent origin of bifurcation in the left bronchial stem, and a case of peculiar variation pattern of the artery entering left apical lobe and cardiac lobe, had a same origin of the bifurcation at rami pulmonary artery, and then divided respectivelly into the rami medi artery and rami left apical lobe artery. 8. In the classification based on the patterns of bronchial and blood vasculor divergencys, there were a lot of significant combination cases in their patterns.

• Journal of Medicine and Life Science
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.108-111
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• 2018

Extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has the potential to rescue patients in cardiac arrest or respiratory failure. ECMO has two systems such as veno-arterial and veno-venous circulation. In cardiac arrest resulting from acute myocardial infarction, veno-arterial ECMO is mandatory for systemic circulation and oxygenation. A 75-year old female patient underwent primary coronary intervention for acute myocardial infarction. Despite successful revascularization, recurrent ventricular tachycardia and heart failure were progressing. We performed a veno-arterial ECMO through the femoral artery and vein, then the patient seemed to be stable clinically. However, laboratory studies, echocardiography, and vital signs indicated multi-organ failure and decreasing cardiac function. We found out an error that we performed veno-venous ECMO instead of veno-arterial ECMO. We added a femoral artery cannula and exchange the circuit system to veno-arterial ECMO. While the systemic circulation seemed to be recovered, the left ventricular function was decreased persistently. A hypovolemia resulting from pulmonary hemorrhage was occurred, which lead to ECMO failure. The patient died of cardiac arrest and multi-organ failure 23 hours after ECMO. Because the color of arterial and venous circuits represent the position and efficacy of ECMO, if unexpected or abnormal circuit colors are detected, prompt and aggressive evaluation for ECMO function is mandatory.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.381-388
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• 1984

Cor triatriatum is rare congenital cardiac anomaly first described by Church in 1868. The anomaly consists of an abnormal partitioning of the left atrium by a fibromuscular membrane that divides the atrium into an upper chamber, which receives the pulmonary veins, and a lower chamber, which contains the atrial appendage and the mitral valve. The upper and lower chambers communicate through a stenotic fenestration in the membrane, which has the hemodynamic consequence of pulmonary venous obstruction. Recently we experienced cot triatriatum associated with partial anomalous pulmonary drainage to right atrium. The upper chamber was connected to right atrium through a sinus venous type of ASD and received left superior and both inferior pulmonary vein, whereas the lower chamber so called true left atrium communicated with right atrium through foramen ovale type of ASD, left atrial appendage and mitral orifice. And the anomalous membrane has no fenestrations which permit blood flow. The operation was made right atrial approach under the CPB. We excised completely the anomalous septum and reconstructed atrial septal defect with pericardial patch to drain the right upper pulmonary vein to the left atrium. The postoperative course has been good during follow up.

• Anatomy and Cell Biology
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• v.56 no.2
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• pp.205-210
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• 2023

Left coronary artery divides into anterior interventricular branch and circumflex branch. As both the arteries run in their corresponding grooves, an arteriovenous trigone is formed between conus arteriosus and left auricle called triangle of Brocq and Mouchet. The triangle base is formed by great cardiac vein. This study aims to describe the frequency of triangle and its type and relationship between various boundaries and content of triangle and to supplement the existing knowledge of clinicians. This observational and descriptive study was conducted on 40 formalin fixed cadaveric hearts in department of anatomy, Kalpana chawla government medical college. The triangle was found in 92.5% of specimen with most common type being closed (51.3%) which is followed by inferiorly open in 35.1%, superiorly open in 8.1% and completely open in 5.4% hearts. Most frequent content of triangle was median artery followed by diagonal branches of anterior interventricular and circumflex branches. The mean area of the triangle was 246.3 mm². Relationship of vein with two arterial branches was either superficial or deep. The knowledge of different patterns of existence will be required for angiographic procedures. Further the triangle is a potential epicardial access route to left fibrous ring. Thus detailed knowledge of variations will help cardiologist to achieve better outcome in interventional procedures with minimal complications.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.100-103
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• 2010

We report her on a rare case of a renal stent that migrated into the right ventricle in a patient with nutcracker syndrome. A 29-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital and she was suffering from flank pain. The computed tomography of the abdomen demonstrated that the left renal vein was compressed between the abdominal aorta and the superior mesenteric artery (nutcracker syndrome). A self expandable stent was placed across the left renal vein for treating her nutcracker syndrome. The next day after the procedure, the follow up chest radiograph showed that the displaced stent had migrated into the right ventricle. After percutanous endovascular stent removal had failed, the stent was ultimately removed by performing cardiac surgery. At the $6^{th}$ postoperative month, there have been no abdominal or cardiac symptoms.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.243-249
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• 1982

A persistent left superior vena cava draining into the left atrium associated with atresia of the coronary sinus-ostium, ASD, and PDA is a rare congenital anomaly. The patient was a 4 year-old female whose complaints were frequent URI and exertional dyspnea. The congenital heart anomaly was suspected at 2 months of her age. Chest films showed cardiomegaly [C-T ratio, 75%]. EKG, Echocardiography, cardiac catheterization and angiocardiography were performed. Open heart surgery was done under impression of LV-RA shunt, bilateral superior vena cavae, and ASD. At the time of operation, huge LA and RA, inferior vena caval defect of a secundum type ASD [1.5 x 3cm in diameter], absence of innominate vein, atresia of the coronary sinus-ostium, and persistent LSVC draining into LA were noted. Direct suture closure of ASD and ligation of LSVC were done. The patient`s postoperative course was somewhat eventful: systolic murmur at apex remained. Four months after the operation, congestive heart failure attacked a few times. PDA that was overlooked at the time of open heart surgery was detected through postoperative cardiac catheterization in.4 months later. Emergent operation for closure of PDA was performed on the day of recatheterization. After that, patient`s heart failure was easily controlled without any notable problem.