• Title/Summary/Keyword: Cardiac arrhythmia

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Cardiac Fibroma Involving Left Ventricle (좌심실에 발생한 심장 섬유종)

  • 신홍주;박정준;서동만;박인숙;고재곤;김영휘;김정선
    • Journal of Chest Surgery
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    • v.37 no.3
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    • pp.275-278
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    • 2004
  • A 9-month-old male infant was admitted for evaluation of incidentally noticed cardiac mass. The patient had no symptoms and there was no hemodynamic abnormality. Echocardiographic finding showed a huge left ventricular free wall mural mass, which did not obstruct the left ventricular outflow tract. Maximal excision of the left ventricular free wall mass was performed. The pathologic finding revealed cardiac fibroma. During the 7-month of follow-up after surgery, there was no evidence of arrhythmia or tumor recurrence.

The Clinical Analysis of Cardiac Valve Surgery (심장판막증의 외과적 치료)

  • Min, Yong-Il;Kim, Sang-Hyeong;Lee, Dong-Jun
    • Journal of Chest Surgery
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    • v.20 no.3
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    • pp.557-564
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    • 1987
  • From September 1980 to July 1986, 135 cases of cardiac valve surgery were performed under the cardiopulmonary bypass. Out of 135 cases, single valve surgery was 114 cases including open mitral commissurotomy 17, mitral annuloplasty 2, mitral valve replacement 85, and aortic valve replacement 10 and double valve surgery was 21 cases. There were 68 males and 67 females ranging from 9 to 57 years of age. Early death within 30 days after operation was 17 cases [12.6%] and caused of death were ventricular arrhythmia 5, low cardiac output syndrome 4, excessive bleeding 3, pulmonary complication 2, and so on. Among 118 early survivors, 5 cases [5.1%] of late death were developed over a period of 2 to 72 months, and main cause of death was fatal bleeding complication associated with anticoagulation therapy. Symptomatically, 91.8% of patients were in NYHA functional class I or II at the end of the follow-up.

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A Clinical Study of Patent Ductus Arteriosus (동맥관개존증의 임상적 고찰)

  • Bang, Jong-Gyeong;Kim, Gyu-Tae
    • Journal of Chest Surgery
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    • v.20 no.2
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    • pp.309-316
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    • 1987
  • Since the first report of successful ligation of patent ductus arteriosus in 1939, it`s surgical intervention has become a routine and relatively safe procedure. During the past ten years from Aug. 1975 to Aug. 1985, 107 cases were operated on for a patent ductus arteriosus at the Department of thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University. Clinical analysis of these cases was performed. Mean age at operation was 9.4 years, ranging from 20 months to 32 years. Sex ratio of female to male was 1.8;1. Most common symptoms were frequent respiratory infection, exertional dyspnea, and palpitation. Diagnosis was made by auscultation, 2 dimensional echocardiography, cardiac catheterization, and cineangiocardiography. A moderate to severe pulmonary hypertension was found in 42 cases [49.4%] in cardiac catheterization. Operative methods were multiple ligation of paten`. ductus arteriosus with or without Dacron or Teflon wrapping in 72 cases [68%], and division and suture in 34 cases [32%]. There were three operative deaths [2.8%]. The causes of death were hemorrhage from tearing of aorta, low cardiac output, and arrhythmia. All of these cases had moderate degree of pulmonary hypertension.

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Assessment of Left Ventricular Function with Single Breath-Hold Magnetic Resonance Cine Imaging in Patients with Arrhythmia

  • Bak, So Hyeon;Kim, Sung Mok;Park, Sung-Ji;Kim, Min-Ji;Choe, Yeon Hyeon
    • Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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    • v.21 no.1
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    • pp.20-27
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    • 2017
  • Purpose: To evaluate quantification results of single breath-hold (SBH) magnetic resonance (MR) cine imaging compared to results of conventional multiple breath-hold (MBH) technique for left ventricular (LV) function in patients with cardiac arrhythmia. Materials and Methods: MR images of patients with arrhythmia who underwent MBH and SBH cine imaging at the same time on a 1.5T MR scanner were retrospectively reviewed. Both SBH and MBH cine imaging were performed with balanced steady state free precession. SBH scans were acquired using temporal parallel acquisition technique (TPAT). Fifty patients ($65.4{\pm}12.3years$, 72% men) were included. End-diastolic volume (EDV), end-systolic volume (ESV), stroke volume (SV), ejection fraction (EF), myocardial mass, and LV regional wall motion were evaluated. Results: EF, myocardial mass, and regional wall motion were not significantly different between SBH and MBH acquisition techniques (all P-values > 0.05). EDV, ESV, and SV were significant difference between the two techniques. These parameters for SBH cine imaging with TPAT tended to lower than those in MBH. EF and myocardial mass of SBH cine imaging with TPAT showed good correlation with values of MBH cine imaging in Passing-Bablok regression charts and Bland-Altman plots. However, SBH imaging required significantly shorter acquisition time than MBH cine imaging ($15{\pm}7sec$ vs. $293{\pm}104sec$, P < 0.001). Conclusion: SBH cine imaging with TPAT permits shorter acquisition time with assessment results of global and regional LV function comparable to those with MBH cine imaging in patients with arrhythmia.

Cardiotoxicity assessment of 31 herbal formulae by activity of hERG potassium channel in HEK 293 cells (hERG 칼륨채널 활성도 변화에 따른 31종 한약처방의 심장독성 평가)

  • Ha, Hyekyung;Jin, Seong Eun;Lee, Sion;Kim, Dong-Hyun;Seo, Chang-Seob;Shin, Hyeun-kyoo
    • The Journal of Korean Medicine
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    • v.43 no.1
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    • pp.33-41
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    • 2022
  • Objectives: Drug-induced blockade of the human ether-à-go-go related gene (hERG) potassium ion channel causes acquired long QT syndrome, which is known to cause cardiac arrhythmias and be fatal. To establish safety evidence of herbal formulae, we evaluated the effects of 31 herbal formulae on hERG channel activity. Methods: The current through hERG channel was measured by changing the membrane voltage before and after treatment with 31 herbal formulae in HEK 293 cell overexpressing hERG channel using a whole-cell patch clamp system. The current-voltage curves and the activity curves were fitted, and the hERG activity and 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) according to each herbal formula were calculated. Results: Chokyungjongok-tang, Oncheong-eum, and Cheongsangbangpung-tang strongly inhibited the hERG activity, with IC50 values of 67.67, 141.2, and 296.3 ㎍/mL, respectively. Yeonkyopaedok-san, Eunkyo-san, Ukgan-san gajinphibanha, Daegunjoong-tang (except Oryzae gluten), Insamyangyoung-tang, Banhahubak-tang, SokyungHwalhyul-tang, Jodeung-san, Hyeonggaeyeongyo-tang, and Bangkeehwangkee-tang weakly inhibited hERG activity, with IC50 values ranging from 400 to 1000 ㎍/mL. The other 18 herbal formulae showed very weak hERG activity inhibition of less than 50% at the highest concentration (1000 ㎍/mL). Conclusion: This study provided safety information on cardiotoxicity by cardiac arrhythmia risk assessment of herbal formulae, and is expected to be a reference data for predicting the safety and risk of herbal formulae.

PVC Classification Algorithm Through Efficient R Wave Detection

  • Cho, Ik-Sung;Kwon, Hyeog-Soong
    • Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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    • v.22 no.5
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    • pp.338-345
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    • 2013
  • Premature ventricular contractions are the most common of all arrhythmias and may cause more serious situation like ventricular fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia in some patients. Therefore, the detection of this arrhythmia becomes crucial in the early diagnosis and the prevention of possible life threatening cardiac diseases. Most methods for detecting arrhythmia require pp interval, or the diversity of P wave morphology, but they are difficult to detect the p wave signal because of various noise types. Thus, it is necessary to use noise-free R wave. So, the new approach for the detection of PVC is presented based on the rhythm analysis and the beat matching in this paper. For this purpose, we removed baseline wandering of low frequency band and made summed signals that are composed of two high frequency bands including the frequency component of QRS complex using the wavelet filter. And then we designed R wave detection algorithm using the adaptive threshold and window through RR interval. Also, we developed algorithm to classify PVC using RR interval. The performance of R wave and PVC detection is evaluated by using MIT-BIH arrhythmia database. The achieved scores indicate average detection rate of 99.76%, sensitivity of 99.30% and specificity of 98.66%; accuracy respectively for R wave and PVC detection.

Effect of Carbamazepine on the Ouabain-Induced Arrhythmia in Rabbits (가토의 Quabain-Induced Arrhythmia에 미치는 Carbamzepine의 효과)

  • Kim, Eui-Hong;Ha, Jeoung-Hee;Lee, Kwang-Youn;Kim, Won-Joon
    • Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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    • v.3 no.1
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    • pp.279-285
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    • 1986
  • Carbamazepine is a derivative of iminostilbene with carbamyl group and related chemically to the tricyclic antidepressants. Carbamazepine has been introduced for treatment of trigeminal neuralgia. Recently it is used as an antiepileptic agent such as diphenylhydantoin. Antiepileptic drugs are known to affect experimentally induced cardiac arrhythmia and are now widely used clinically for treatment of ventricular tachyarrhythmias, particularly those produced by digitalis intoxication. Steiner et al.(1970) reported that carbamazepine was found to be very effective in converting ventricular tachycardia due to digitalis toxicity to normal sinus rhythm. Clinically bradycardia, complete heart block, ventricular standstill and Adams-stokes attack were reported in the course of carbamazepine treatment. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of carbamazepine on the ouabain-induced arrhythmia in vivo. The rabbits of either sex, weighing from 1.6 to 3.2kg were anesthesized by urethane. After the trachea was cannulated, the rabbits were ventilated with room air using a respirator. Drugs were given into polyethylene cannula in the femoral vein. Blood pressure were recorded by physiograph via pressure tranducer connected with the cannula in the femoral artery. EKG were recorded by Physiograph via electrode implanted in both fore leg and left hind leg. The results are summarized as follows; 1. Arrhythmia was induced by continuous infusion of ouabain.($64{\pm}8.8{\mu}g/kg$) 2. Single administration of ouabain($64{\mu}g/kg$) induced arrhythmia which was persisted for 7-8 min. 3. Ouabain induced arrhythmia was restored to normal sinus rhythm by administration of carbamazepine.(The more dosage, the less frequent and the longer duration) 4. Severe bradycardia, A-V block, atrial fibrillation were seen on the EKG after injection of carbamazepine alone. By the above results, it may be concluded that carbamazepine inhibits the ouabain-induced arrhythmia by dose-dependent.

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The Changes of Serum and Urine Potassium after Extracorporeal Circulation in Open Heart Surgery (개심술환자에서 체외순환후 혈중 및 요중 포타시움의 변화)

  • Ju, Hong-Don;Im, Seung-Pyeong
    • Journal of Chest Surgery
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    • v.24 no.10
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    • pp.951-959
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    • 1991
  • The level of serum potassium concentration is very important aspect in postoperative cardiac patients The postoperative cardiac arrhythmia and digitalis intoxication are known to be closely related with hypokalemia and also to cause the irreversible cardiac dysfunction. In this study, the changes of the level in serum and urine concentrations during, after extracorporeal circulation[EGG], Predict and Postdict periods are analyzed and compared statistically with postoperative cardiac patients 46 persons according to divided 8 groups. 1. There was no difference significantly in concentrations of serum and urine potassium in each period according to age, sex and disease types. 2. There was no difference significantly in concentrations of serum and urine potassium in each period according to the use of normothermia and hypothermia. 3. There was no difference significantly in concentrations of serum and urine potassium in each period according to the length of extracorporeal circulation time and aortic cross clamping time. 4. There was no difference significantly in concentrations of serum and urine potassium in each period according to the amount of the infused cardioplegic solution and level of Hct.

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Cardiac hypertrophy and abnormal $Ca^{2+}$ handling in transgenic mice overexpressing jnnctate

  • Hong, Chang-Soo;Cho, Myeong-Chan;Kwak, Yong-Geun;Chane, Soo-Wan;Kim, Do-Han
    • Proceedings of the Korean Biophysical Society Conference
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    • 2003.06a
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    • pp.52-52
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    • 2003
  • Junctate is a newly identified integral ER/SR membrane $Ca^{2+}$ binding protein, which is an alternative splicing form of the same gene generating aspartyl $\square$-hydroxylase and junctin. To elucidate the functional role of junctate in heart, transgenic (TG) mice overexpressing mouse cardiac junctate-1 under the control of mouse $\square$$^{~}$ myosin heavy chain promoter were generated. Overexpression of junctate in mouse heart resulted in cardiac hypertrophy, increased fibrosis, bradycardia, arrhythmias and impaired contractility. Overexpression of junctate also led to down-regulation of SERCA2, calsequestrin, calreticulin and RyR, but to up-regulation of NCX and PMCA. The SR $Ca^{2+}$ content decreased and the L-type $Ca^{2+}$ current density and the action potential durations increased in TG cardiomyocytes, which could be the cause for the bradycardia in TG heart. The present work has provided an important example of pathogenesis leading to cardiac hypertrophy and arrhythmia, which was caused by impaired $Ca^{2+}$ handling by overexpression of junctate in heart.n heart.

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