• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.17
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• pp.7383-7387
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• 2014

Background: To determine rates of residual disease along with influencing factors in women with stage IA to IB1 cervical carcinoma after conization. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted of medical records of 198 stage IA to IB1 cervical carcinoma patients who had undergoing cervical conization followed by primary surgical treatment during 2006-2013. Independent factors correlating with residual carcinoma in subsequent surgical specimens were analyzed by stepwise regression analysis. Results: Mean age was 48.9 years. Cone specimens demonstrated free margins in 36 women (18.8%). In case of having disease at margin, high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and carcinoma were evidenced in 58 and 97 women, respectively. Pathology of subsequent specimens revealed residual carcinoma in 78 women (39.4%), high-grade CIN or adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) in 45 (22.7%), and no residual pathology in 75 (37.9%). Age more than 35 years, postmenopausal status, having symptoms, diseases or invasive lesions at conization margins or disease on endocervical aspect, and higher stage were significantly correlated with residual cancer in surgical treatment specimens. On regression analysis, postmenopause and stage were independent factors associated with residual carcinoma.Conclusions: Patient and tumor characteristics are predictive factors for residual cancer in the studied group of women.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.495-499
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• 2002

Plummer-Vinson syndrome(Paterson-Kelly syndrome) is characterized by dysphagia due to upper esophageal or hypopharyngeal web, iron deficiency anemia, and atropic oral and glossal mucosa. This syndrome is usually known as precancerous lesion that develops into postcricoid carcinoma. Universally, the clinical manifestations of this syndrome were markedly improved after oral iron replacement therapy or endoscopic balloon or electrocautery treatment. 63 year-old woman was received a short segment, free jejunal transfer to be released from esophageal stricture. After the operation, the stenotic lesion proved to be Plummer-vinson syndrome with carcinoma in situ by pathologic study.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.209-214
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• 1997

Odontogenic cysts are relatively common pathologic lesions found in the oral and perioral structures, but the case of squamous cell carcinoma arising from those cysts are very uncommon. After first reported of that case in 1889 by Herman, Schwimmer collected 56 cases of previously reported squamous cell carcinoma arising in residual odontogenic cyst during about past one century. More than 60% of cases of carcinoma developing in odontogenic cysts arising in inflammatory periapical or residual cyst, and these tumors are usually well-differentiated with relatively good prognosis, and often are diagnosed as benign lesion in radiographic or clinical examination, therefore definitive diagnosis must be made by histologic examintation. We report a case and review the literatures, in our case, 78-year old woman were clinically and radiographically diagnosed as residual odontogenic cyst. But in histologic examination after enucleation of lesion, mass of squamous cell carinoma were observed, but in other area, typical cyst wall and lining epithelium were observed. And in some area, carcinoma in situ and invading squamous cell carcinoma into the lining epithelium were also observed.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.2673-2678
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• 2016

Background: It is unclear as to whether the size ratio elastographic technique is useful for assessing ultrasound-detected ductal carcinoma-in-situ (DCIS) masses since they commonly lack a significant desmoplastic reaction. The objectives of this study were to determine the accuracy of this elastographic technique in DCIS and examine if there was any histopathological correlation with the grey-scale strain patterns. Materials and Methods: Female patients referred to the radiology department for image-guided breast biopsy were prospectively evaluated by ultrasound elastography prior to biopsy. Histological diagnosis was the gold standard. An elastographic size ratio of more than 1.1 was considered malignant. Elastographic strain patterns were assessed for correlation with the DCIS histological architectural patterns and nuclear grade. Results: There were 30 DCIS cases. Elastographic sensitivity for detection of malignancy was 86.7% (26/30). 10/30 (33.3%) DCIS masses demonstrated predominantly white elastographic strain patterns while 20/30 (66.7%) were predominantly black. There were 3 (10.0%) DCIS masses that showed had a co-existent bull's-eye sign and 7 (23.3%) other masses had a co-existent toothpaste sign, a strain pattern that has never been reported in the literature. Four out of 4/5 comedo DCIS showed a predominantly white strain pattern (p=0.031) while 6/7 cases with the toothpaste sign were papillary DCIS (p=0.031). There was no relationship between the strain pattern and the DCIS nuclear grade. Conclusions: The size ratio elastographic technique was found to be very sensitive for ultrasound-detected DCIS masses. While the elastographic grey-scale strain pattern should not be used for diagnostic purposes, it correlated well with the DCIS architecture.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.11-16
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• 2004

Purpose: To evaluate the survival rate, local failure rate and patterns of failure, and analyze the prognostic factors affecting local relapse of ductal carcinoma in situ treated with breast conserving surgery and radiotherapy Materials and Methods: From June 1995 to December 2001, 96 patients with ductal carcinoma in situ treated with breast conserving surgery and radiotherapy were retrospectively analyzed. The operations were either local or wide excision in all patients, with an axillary lymph node dissection performed in some patients. Radiation dose to the whole breast was 50.4 Gy, over 5 weeks, with 1.8 Gy daily fractions, with additional doses ($10\~14$ Gy) administered to the primary tumor bed in some patients with close ($\leq$2 mm) or positive resection margin. The median follow-up period was 43 months (range $10\~102$ months). Results: The 5-year local relapse free survival and overall survival rates were 91 and $100\%$ respectively. Local relapse occurred in 6 patients ($6.3\%$). Of the 6 recurrences, one was invasive ductal cell carcinoma. With the exception of one, all patients recurred 2 years after surgery. There was no regional recurrence or distant metastasis. Five patients with local recurrence were salvaged with total mastectomy, and are alive with no evidence of disease. One patient with recurrent invasive ductal cell carcinoma will receive salvage treatment. On analysis of the prognostic factors affecting local relapse, none of the factors among the age, status of resection margin, comedo type and nuclear grade affected local relapse. Operation extent also did not affect local control (p=0.30). In the patients with close resection margin, boost irradiation to the primary tumor bed did not affect local control (p=1.0). Conclusions: The survival rate and local control of the patients with ductal carcinoma in situ treated with breast conserving surgery and radiotherapy were excellent. Close resection margin and boost irradiation to the primary tumor bed did not affect local relapse, but further follow-up with much more patients is needed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.743-749
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• 2023

Breast ductal carcinoma in situ(DCIS) refers to cases in which breast epithelial cells have become malignant but are still limited to normal ducts, and has been increasing rapidly in recent years. In this case, a two-year follow-up revealed findings on mammography and ultrasonography that indicated a small mass classified as BI-RADS Category 3, However far from typical malignant tumor these findings were. In the second year of follow-up, a hypoechoic mass with an indistinct boundary of the right breast in the 6 o'clock direction, on mammography appeared to be about 2.1×1.3 cm in size, and biopsy diagnosed it as ductal carcinoma. Since ductal endothelial cancer has no characteristic clinical findings and can show positive clinical and imaging findings in the early stages, regular follow-up is considered important for early diagnosis, and detection of ductal endothelial cancer through mammography and ultrasound is important for improving the prognosis of all breast cancer patients. During the initial examination conducted four years ago, we reported cases of intra ductal cancer in which asymmetric shading, microcalcification, and branched mass, indicative of intra ductal cancer, were observed during follow-up. It is advisable to concurrently explore methods for reducing X-ray dosage to mitigate potential side effects of contrast medium.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.14-19
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• 2000

Objectives: Epstein-Barr virus(EBV) is a B-lymphotrophic virus with a tumorigenic potential. EBV infection has been recognized as the main cause of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and Burkitt's lymphoma. Bcl-2 protein expression is known to be up-regulated by the EBV-latency associated antigen latent membrane protein(LMP). The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of EBV in squamous cell carcinomas of the larynx and the relationship between the presence of EBV and bcl-2 expression. Patients and Methods: From January 1994 to December 1977, 35 patients with primary squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx were studied. EBV genome DNA was surveyed by polymerase chain reaction(PCR) assay and then compared the results of in situ hybridization(ISH) for EBER1 using digoxigenin-tailed oligonucleotide probe. The expression of bcl-2 protein was studied by immunohistochemistry(IHC) using bcl-2 monoclonal antibody. Results: By PCR, EBV genome was detected in 22 of 35(62.9%) squamous cell carcinomas of the larynx. Nineteen of 35 cases(54.3%) showed a positive nuclear staining for EBER1 in tumor cells by ISH. Three cases showed positivity in inflammatory cells by ISH and one of them showed a positive staining of both tumor cells and inflammatory cells. Eighteen of 32 specimens(62.5%) were positive for bcl-2 protein. There was no significant correlations between the presence of EBV DNA and bcl-2 expression. Conclusions: It could be concluded that high incidence of EBV in the laryngeal cancer tissue may indicate a probable role of EBV in the development of laryngeal carcinoma.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.38-43
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• 1996

Epstein-Barr virus(EBV) is associated with a wide spectrum of benign and malignant disorders including leukoplakia, Hodgkln's lymphoma, central nervous system lymphoma, peripheral T cell lymphoma and nasopharyngeal undifferentiated carcinoma. There are several distinctive aspects of biology of the virus that are important in investigation of virus in clinical specimens. The abundant expression of the EBER mRNA transcripts makes possible the sensitive detection of latent expression in EBV-associated tumors. Although there has been a dramatic increased interest in the direct characterization of EBV in clinical specimens, there have been few studios about the effective and reliable positive controls in performing in situ hybridization technique for EBV, especially on paraffin-em bedded tissue. We applied Burkitts lymphoma ceil line as positive control in EBV in situ hydridization using Oncor Kit. The cell block of Burkitt lymphoma cell line(CCL85 EB-3) showed strong and specific positivity for EBER in situ in nuclei of EBV infected cells.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.151-157
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• 1999

Background: Increasing evidences from experimental studies indicate that apoptosis may be inversely related to angiogenesis in tumor progression. Material and Method: To explore how apoptosis correlates with tumor angiogenesis, we measured the apoptotic index(AI) using the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase method(Apop Tag In Situ Apoptosis Detection Kit, ONCOR) and the intratumoral microvessel density using the anti-CD31 monoclonal antibody in non-small cell lung cancer. Result: Statistical analysis revealed an inverse correlation between AIs and intratumoral microvessel densities in squamous cell lung carcinoma(Spearman rank correlation coefficient r=- 0.229, p=0.047). Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrated that the amount of apoptosis in squamous cell lung carcinoma may be influenced by the extent of neovascularization. This suggests that tumor angiogenesis may contribute to a reduction of apoptosis in tumor cells.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.10
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• pp.5027-5031
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• 2012

This study was conducted to investigate the expression of survivin and caspase 3 in oral squamous cell carcinoma and peritumoral tissue, and possible pathogenesis mechanisms. We used ELISA and western blotting to detect the protein expression levels of survivin and caspase 3 in tissue. In situ hybridization and real-time PCR were applied to assess mRNA expression levels. In this study, 13 tumor samples and 13 peritumoral tissue samples were collected from oral squamous cell carcinoma patients and 10 normal tissue samples obtained from patients without tumor. The result showed that the protein and mRNA expression of survivin in carcinoma was the highest among three types of tissue; following was that in peritumoral tissue. No difference in caspase 3 zymogen between peritumoral tissue and normal tissue could be found, while it was evidently decreased in carcinoma tissue. Activated caspase 3 was detected in normal tissue but could not be identified in peritumoral or carcinoma tissue. Our results indicate that the expression of survivin is apparently elevated in tumoral and peritumoral tissue. Expression of activated caspase 3 was not detected in tumoral tissue and the expression of caspase 3 zymogen was decreased in tumoral tissue. Our findings suggest that survivin may inhibit both synthesis and activation of caspase 3, hence inhibiting cell apoptosis and facililitating eventual development of oral squamous cell carcinoma.