• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.158-166
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• 2019

In pursuing carbon emission reduction efforts, companies have focused for the most part on reducing emissions due to the more efficient equipment and facilities. However they overlook a significant source of carbon emissions, one that is driven by operational policies. Currently companies are looking for solutions to reduce carbon emissions associated with their operations. Operational adjustments, such as modifications in order quantities could an effective way in reducing carbon emissions in the supply chain. Also, Cap-and-Trade mechanism is generally accepted as on of the most effective market-based mechanism to reduce carbon emissions. In this paper, we investigate a supply chain with single manufacturer and multiple retailers multi-product inventory model under the cap-and-trade system incorporating the carbon emissions caused by transportation and warehousing activities. Also, we provide an iterative solution algorithm and derive the common order interval and the number of intervals for each product. We show by numerical example that the inventory model incorporating cap & trade mechanism can reduce total cost and carbon emissions compared to the classical inventory model. Using the numerical examples, we also investigates different carbon price on the performance of the inventory model.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.355-364
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• 2016

Beijing, as a cradle of modern industry and the third largest metropolitan area in China, faces more responsibilities to adjust industrial structure and mitigate carbon emissions. The purpose of this study is aimed at predicting and comparing industrial carbon emissions of Beijing in ten scenarios under different policy focus, and then providing emission-cutting recommendations. In views of various scenarios issues, system dynamics has been applied to predict and simulate. To begin with, the model has been established following the step of causal loop diagram and stock flow diagram. This paper decomposes scenarios factors into energy structure, high energy consumption enterprises and growth rate of industrial output. The prediction and scenario simulation results shows that energy structure, carbon intensity and heavy energy consumption enterprises are key factors, and multiple factors has more significant impact on industrial carbon emissions. Hence, some recommendations about low-carbon mode of Beijing industrial carbon emission have been proposed according to simulation results.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.175-185
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• 2017

As the energy and environmental problems are increasingly severe, researches about carbon dioxide emissions has aroused widespread concern. The accurate prediction of carbon dioxide emissions is essential for carbon emissions controlling. In this paper, we analyze the relationship between carbon dioxide emissions and influencing factors in a comprehensive way through correlation analysis and regression analysis, achieving the effective screening of key factors from 16 preliminary selected factors including GDP, total population, total energy consumption, power generation, steel production coal consumption, private owned automobile quantity, etc. Then fruit fly algorithm is used to optimize the parameters of least squares support vector machine. And the optimized model is used for prediction, overcoming the blindness of parameter selection in least squares support vector machine and maximizing the training speed and global searching ability accordingly. The results show that the prediction accuracy of carbon dioxide emissions is improved effectively. Besides, we conclude economic and environmental policy implications on the basis of analysis and calculation.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.137-148
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• 2022

본 연구는 레디믹스트 콘크리트의 환경성적표지 현황 조사와 이를 통한 레디믹스트 콘크리트 규격, 생애주기, 권역별 탄소배출량 특성 분석을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위해 콘크리트 산업의 탄소배출량 산정이 요구되고 있는 관련 인증제도를 분석하고, 레디믹스트 콘크리트 제품의 탄소배출량 현황분석을 위해 전과정평가 기법에 기반한 EPD 인증을 받은 제품군을 대상으로 하여 레디믹스트 콘크리트의 활성화 정도를 분석하였다. 또한 레디믹스트 콘크리트 제품의 생애주기별 탄소배출량 분석, 규격별 탄소배출량 분석, 권역별 탄소배출량 분석을 수행하여 각 특성에 따른 탄소배출량 추이를 검토하였다. 분석결과 생애주기별 탄소배출량은 제조전단계가 99% 수준을 나타냈으며, 18MPa에서 40MPa로 증가할수록 탄소배출량도 증가하는 추세를 보였다. 단, 동일 규격이라고 하더라도 수도권의 탄소배출량이 남부지역 대비 높은 탄소배출량을 나타냈다.

• 한국기후변화학회지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.257-265
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• 2015

For estimating a net removal of carbon dioxides from a forest carbon offset project, it is necessary to consider secondary emissions occurred from the use of machineries or vehicles. According to the forest carbon standard in Korea, a default rate (5%) could be applied for estimating secondary emissions of small projects, which provide annual net removals less than or equal to $600tCO_2$, while secondary emissions should be estimated for larger projects with field survey. In this study, we intended to develop a methodology for estimating the secondary emission of a forest carbon project. For this purpose, we analyzed the working process and the carbon emissions of the forest management activities for major tree species in Korea. Based on the developed methodology, we estimated the secondary carbon emission of a reforestation project. The result showed that the secondary carbon emission of a reforestation project was estimated between 0.42% and 1.19 % compared to net removals, that is to say that the current default rate in the forest carbon standard could give an overestimated secondary emission.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.237-246
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• 2015

도로시설물의 운영 및 유지관리는 기능을 유지하기 위해 반복적으로 이루어지는 온실가스 배출 활동이며, 도로를 계획 및 시공, 운영, 유지보수의 전과정 측면에서 봤을 때 이미 건설된 도로시설물과 신규로 건설하고자 하는 도로시설물에 대해 탄소배출을 줄이기 위한 접근이 용이한 활동이기 때문에 운영 및 유지관리 단계에서 탄소배출량의 정량화는 매우 중요하다. 하지만 도로시설물의 운영 및 유지관리 단계에서의 정량적인 탄소배출량 산정은 분산되어 있는 활동 자료의 수집의 어려움과 탄소배출량 산정 과정의 복잡성을 이유로 정량적인 탄소배출량 산정은 이루어지지 않고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 도로시설물의 운영 및 유지보수 단계에서 탄소배출원단위를 산정하였고, 이를 활용해 2012년 기준으로 국내에 건설되어 운영중인 고속국도 및 일반국도에 대해 탄소배출량을 산정하였다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제20권7호
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• pp.528-534
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• 2019

본 연구는 중국이 저탄소 경제를 제안한 지 10 여년이 지난 1985년부터 2016년까지의 중국의 탄소 배출과 탄소 배출에 영향을 주는 요인에 대해 분석한다. 중국은 동 기간 동안 산업 발전이 빠르게 진행되었으며 탄소 배출과 관련된 여러 가지 문제가 나타났고, 이제 저탄소 경제가 중국 경제 발전의 주요 과제가 되었다. 본 연구는 저탄소 경제이론 및 산업계에 영향을 미치는 요인을 바탕으로 중국의 조사 연감에서 관련 데이터를 선택하였다. 시계열 모형을 사용하여 중국의 탄소 배출에 대한 영향요소를 분석하였다. 관련 산업의 혁신이 계속되면서 전기와 같은 그린에너지의 사용을 증가 시켰지만, 석탄은 여전히 소모된 에너지에서 가장 큰 비중을 차지하고 있다. 에너지 사용효율이 증가하고 산업연구 개발 투자 강도가 해마다 증가하였지만 탄소 배출도 매년 증가하고 있다. 탄소 배출에 영향을 미치는 가장 큰 요인은 산업이라는 고정관념이 있으나, 본 논문을 통해 중국의 탄소 배출에 대한 산업의 영향이 점차 감소하고 있음을 발견했다. 또한 공업에서의 탄소 배출을 통제하는 동시에 기술개발을 계속 향상시키고, 다른 업종의 탄소 배출도 중시해야 하는 것이 전체 탄소 배출을 감소시키기 위해 필수라는 점을 발견하였다. 실증연구 결과를 기반으로, 데이터의 본질부터 시작하여 고정관념을 바꿀 수 있다면 저탄소 지속발전 경제에 좀 더 빨리 도달하게 될 것이다.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.119-129
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• 2016

PURPOSES : The purpose of this study is to develop a methodology for estimating additional carbon emissions due to freeway incidents. METHODS : As our country grows, our highway policy has mainly neglected the environmental and social sectors. However, with the formation of a national green growth keynote and an increase in the number of people interested in environmental and social issues, problems related to social issues, such as traffic accidents and congestion, and environmental issues, such as the impact of air pollution caused by exhaust gases that are emitted from highway vehicles, are beginning to be discussed. Accordingly, studies have been conducted on a variety of environmental aspects in the field of road transport, and for the quantitative calculation of greenhouse gas emissions, using various methods. However, in order to observe the effects of carbon emissions, microscopic simulations must use many difficult variables such as cost, analysis time, and ease of analysis process. In this study, additional greenhouse gas emissions that occur because of highway traffic accidents were classified by type (incident handling time, number of lanes blocked, freeway level of service), and the annual additional emissions based on incidents were calculated. According to the results, congestion length and emissions tend to increase with an increase in incident clearance time, number of occupied lanes, and worsening level of service. Using this data, we analyzed accident data on the Gyeong-bu Expressway (Yang-Jae IC - Osan IC) for a year. RESULTS : Additional greenhouse gas emissions that occur because of highway traffic accidents were classified by type (incident handling time, number of lanes blocked, freeway level of service) and annual additional emissions caused by accidents were calculated. CONCLUSIONS : In this study, a methodology for estimating carbon emissions due to freeway incidents was developed that incorporates macroscopic flow models. The results of the study are organized in the form of a look-Up table that calculates carbon emissions rather easily.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제60권6호
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• pp.1091-1096
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• 2011

Currently, the concern about the environment is the issue all over the world, and in particular, carbon emissions of the power plants will not be able to disregard from the respect of generation cost. This paper proposes DR (demand response) as a method of reducing carbon emissions and therefore, carbon emissions cost. There are a number of studies considering DR, and in this paper, the effect of DR is focused on the side of carbon emission reduction effect considering Time-Of-Use (TOU) program, which is one of the most important economic methods in DSM. Demand-price elasticity matrix is used in this paper to model and analyze DR effect. Carbon emissions is calculated by using the carbon emission coefficient provided by IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change), and generator's input-output characteristic coefficients are also used to estimate carbon emission cost as well as the amount of carbon emissions. Case study is conducted on the RBTS IEEE with six buses. For the TOU program, it is assumed that parameters of time period partition consist of three time periods (peak, flat, off-peak time period).

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제60권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2024

This study examined the power consumption of angling boats during entry, departure, and fishing operations using a black box-type storage device. Through this analysis, it determined the energy consumption and carbon emissions of small fishing boats used for catching the largehead hairtail. The energy consumption and carbon emissions were calculated using formulas provided by the Korea Energy Agency, which incorporated updated emission coefficients from 2022. The findings revealed that the average power consumption of small fishing boats for the largehead hairtail was 546.3 kWh, with a total energy consumption of 0.1164 TOE and carbon emissions of 24.057 CO₂. The average energy consumption was calculated at 0.0006 TOE per kilogram, and the carbon emissions were determined to be 0.135 CO₂/kg.