• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2018.05a
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• pp.277-278
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• 2018

Improvement of insulation performance of buildings is a major part. Adiabatic method The adiabatic method minimizes the heat loss of the building. External insulation uses insulation to prevent fire. Ambient air hazards are less prone to fire. When a fire occurs, a phenolic pattern is formed and bond strength with the wall increases. EPS insulation and phenol foam were used to compare external heat transfer and external heat transfer. The heat transfer properties of phenolic foam and styrofoam were evaluated as follows. In the mortar and styrofoam structure, the problem of styrofoam reaching the burning point occurred before the collapse of the mortar, and the phenol foam had a problem in that when the direct fire was continued on the phenol foam. The characteristics of continuous infiltration appeared. In the case of mortar and phenol foam + styrofoam, the heat penetrated into the interior due to the shrinkage due to the shrinkage of the carbon screen on the phenol foam. However, when reinforced with glass mesh on the outer surface, And to reduce infiltration.

• Composites Research
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.28-36
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• 2004

Micro-tow deformation during forming of PVC foam-fabric composite sandwich structure is investigated to find out the correlation between forming condition and material deformation. The foams used in this research are PVC foams which have 4 different densities and the fabric composite is Carbon/epoxy prepreg which is plain weave (3k) as a skin material. Tow parameters such as crimp angle and tow amplitude are measured using microscope and a proper image tool and are compared with each other. In order to find out the effect of foam deformation during forming on tow deformation the compressive tests of foams are performed in three different environmental temperatures ($25^{\circ}C$, $80{\circ}C$, $125^{\circ}C$). The microscopic observation results show that the micro tow deformations are quite different from each other with respect to the foam density and forming pressure.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.291-302
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• 2023

As the first part of the body that strikes the ground during running, sports shoes are especially important for improving performance and reducing injuries. The use of new nanotechnology materials in the shoe's sole that can affect the movement angle of the foot and the ground reaction forces during running has not been reported yet. It is important to consider the material of the sole of the shoe since it determines the long-term performance of sports shoes, including their comfort while walking, running, and jumping. Running performance can be improved by polymer foam that provides good support with low energy dissipation (low energy dissipation). Running shoes have a midsole made of ethylene propylene copolymer (EPP) foam. The mechanical properties of EPP foam are, however, low. To improve the mechanical performance of EPP, conventional mineral fillers are commonly used, but these fillers sacrifice energy return. In this study, to improve the magnificence of physical education training with nanotechnology, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) derived from recycled plastics were prepared by catalytic chemical vapor deposition and used as nucleating and reinforcing agents. As a result of the results, the physical, mechanical, and dynamic response properties of EPP foam combined with CNT and zinc oxide nanoparticles were significantly improved. When CNT was added to the nanocomposites with a weight percentage of less than 0.5 wt%, the wear resistance, physical properties, dynamic stiffness, compressive strength, and rebound properties of EPP foams were significantly improved.

• Carbon letters
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.65-69
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• 2016

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.18-25
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to investigate the mechanical and carbon-capture properties of foam concrete containing stainless steel argon oxygen decarbonization(AOD) slag. AOD slag was used as a binder, and foam concrete having a foaming ratio of 69 ± 0.5 % and a slurry density of 573.2 to 578.6 kg / ㎥ was produced. In order to examine the effect of carbonation, blended specimen was cured by two types : normal curing and CO₂ curing. As a result of the experiment, the specimens incorporating AOD slag showed higher compressive strength than Plain after CO₂ curing. According to the analysis of the image of foam concrete, it was confirmed that the ST30 has a lower total pore volume and average pore size than plain, resulting in high compressive strength. The SEM analysis confirmed the formation of calcite by carbonation of AOD slag. Through the thermogravimetric analysis, the increase of CO₂ uptake was confirmed by the incorporation of AOD slag. Foam concrete has a higher porosity than normal concrete, so it is expected that carbon-capture performance can be improved by using a AOD slag.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.264-271
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• 2021

Porous carbons have been widely used as electrode material for supercapacitors. However, commercial porous carbons, such as activated carbons, have low electrochemical performance. Nitrogen-doping is one of the most promising strategies to improve electrochemical performance of porous carbons. In this study, nitrogen self-doped porous carbon (NPC) is prepared from melamine foam by carbonization to improve the supercapacitive performance. The prepared NPC is characterized in terms of the chemical structures and elements, morphology, pore structures, and electrochemical performance. The results of the N₂ physisorption measurement, X-ray diffraction, and Raman analyses reveal that the prepared NPC has bimodal pore structures and pseudo-graphite structures with nitrogen functionality. The NPC-based electrode exhibits a gravimetric capacitance of 153 F g^-1 at 1 A g^-1, a rate capability of 73.2 % at 10 A g^-1, and an outstanding cycling ability of 97.85 % after 10,000 cycles at 10 A g^-1. Thus, the NPC prepared in this study can be applied as electrode material for high-performance supercapacitors.

• Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.1367-1372
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• 2009

A proprietary device is adopted to break out the membrane of cell in the rigid polyurethane foam. As it is known, the membrane of cell is hardly tearing-off thoroughly in a mechanical way due to both its elastic characteristic and micro sized pores. In this study, a novel experimental approach is introduced to burst out all gases inside the cells of the rigid polyurethane foam by abrasively grinding micro-cells completely into fine powder. The biggest advantage of this approach is to be capable of releasing all gases out from the cell even in the micro pores. As clearly reflected from the repeatability, the accuracy of the result is highly improved and high confidence in the data sets as well. For the measurements of not only gas composition but partial pressure for each gas simultaneously as well, a precision gas mass spectrometer is used in-line directly to the abrasive grinding device. To control the starting point of the polyurethane foam, all samples were prepared on site in the laboratory. Manufactured time is one of the most critical factors in characterization of cell gas composition because it is known that one of gas composition, especially, carbon dioxide, is diffused out dramatically in a short period of time as soon as it is foamed.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.81-86
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• 2000

This paper was carried out to investigate the characteristics of interlaminar fracture toughness of foam core sandwich structures under opening loading mode by using the double cantilever beam (DCB) specimens in Carbon/Epoxy and foam core composites. instead of using symmetric geometry of DCB specimen non-symmetric DCB specimen was used to calculate the interlaminar fracture toughness. Three approaches for calculating the energy release rate({{{{ {G }_{IC } }}}}) were compared. Fracture toughness of foam core sandwich structures by autoclave vacuum bagging and hotpress were compared and analyzed. Experiment nonlinear beam bending FEM method were performed. Suggested bonding surface compensation and equivalent area inertia moment was used to calculate the energy release rate in nonlinear analytical results. The conclusions among experimental nonlinear analytical and FEM results was observed. The vacuum bagging method was shown to be able to substitute method in stead of autoclave without serious loss of Mode I energy release rate({{{{ {G }_{IC }}}}}) to be able to substitute method in stead of autoclave without serious loss of Mode I energy release rate({{{{ {G }_{IC }}}}}).

• Carbon letters
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.94-98
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• 2012

Herein, macroporous carbon foams were successfully prepared with phenol and formaldehyde as carbon precursors and an ionic liquid, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ($BMIPF_6$), as a pore generator by employing a polymerization-induced phase separation method. During the polycondensation reaction of phenol and formaldehyde, $BMIPF_6$ forms a clustered structure which in turn yields macropores upon carbonization. The morphology, pore structure, electrical conductivity of carbon foams were investigated in terms of the amount of the ionic liquid. The as-prepared macroporous carbon foams had around 100-150 ${\mu}m$-sized pores. More importantly, the electrical conductivity of the carbon foams was linearly improved by the addition of $BMIPF_6$. To the best of the author's knowledge, this is the first result reporting the possibility of the use of an ionic liquid to prepare porous carbon materials.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.23-32
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• 2017

Foam block, popularized as the self-interior goods, is susceptible to fire since the main material is the polyethylene flammable synthetic resin. However, it is widely used in homes, offices, and multi-use facilities. In order to understand the fire characteristics of the foam block, two kinds of foam blocks sold in the market (non-fire retardant and fire retardant) were evaluated according to standard of KS F 5660-1 (Reaction to fire test). In addition, the hazard analysis of the gas generated by the combustion of the specimen was performed using the FTIR gas analyzer. The cone calorimeter test showed that the ignition and flame combustion of both two specimens were burned as soon as the radiant heat blocking device was removed, and it was confirmed that the flame could become a rapid propagation factor during the fire. The analysis of the combustion gas through the FTIR gas analyzer showed that both the carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide classified as the common combustion gases and the acrolein, ammonia, and hydrogen cyanide causing serious damage to the human body were detected substantially. This study showed that a foam block product has high ignitionability and generates toxic gases. Hence, it is urgently required to establish the standards used for properly classifying the combustion characteristics of the material on the basis of the use conditions of a foam block product and to prepare the standards on the purpose of use.