• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.285-292
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• 1998

A total of 125 pigs (5.8 kg BW, 21 d of age) were allotted in a completely randomized block design experiment. Dietary treatment added carbohydrate sources : corn starch, lactose, glucose, sucrose or dried whey in corn-soybean meal based diet. Each treatment has 5 replicates with 5 pigs per replicate. Lactose, sucrose and dried whey supported a better growth performance than starch and glucose (p < 0.05) during the first and second week postweaning. However, in the third week postweaning no difference was found in ADG and ADFI among treatment. For overall period, pigs fed lactose, sucrose and dried whey diets showed similar growth performance and were superior to starch and glucose. The gross energy digestibility in pigs fed lactose, sucrose and dried whey diets were similar and significantly higher than those fed glucose and starch diets (p < 0.05). DM digestibility was not significantly affected by other carbohydrate sources except starch. Pigs fed lactose, sucrose and dried whey showed the best nitrogen digestibility. In all nutrients digestibility, there was no significant difference among treatment except starch and glucose diet. DM excretion was lower in pigs fed lactose, sucrose and dried whey than pigs fed starch and glucose. In conclusion, it appeared that sucrose could be effectively incorporated in baby pig diet without sacrificing growth performance.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.157-165
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• 2007

This study was designed to evaluate the effects of fructose(F) or sucrose(S) and guar gum intake on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in 15-week-old male Goto-Kakizaki(GK) rats. Fifty rats were randomly assigned to 5 groups which were different in carbohydrate(25% of carbohydrate) and fiber(5% w/w) sources. The carbohydrate(CHO) sources of each group were comstarch(control group, 100% of CHO), fructose with cellulose(F), fructose with guar gum(FG), sucrose with cellulose(S), and sucrose with guar gum(SG). Each group was fed exterimental diet for 4 weeks. We measured food intake, body weight gain, adipose tissues weight and organs weight. We conducted oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT) and measured plasma insulin concentration to examine carbohydrate metabolism. To evaluate lipid metabolism, we measured the lipid profile of plasma, liver and feces. Food intake and weight gain of FG or SG groups tended to be less than those of F or S groups. Perirenal and epididymal fat pad weights of SG group were significantly lower than those of S group and those of FG group tended to be lower than those of F group. In OGTT, blood glucose values of F or S groups were significantly higher than those of C group, and FG or SG groups tended to be lower than those of F or S groups during the experimental time. The area under the curve(AUC) of C group was significantly highest among the groups, AUC and plasma insulin concentration of FG or SG groups tended to be lower than those of F or S groups. Plasma and hepatic triglyceride (TG) of FG and SG groups were significantly lower than those of F and S groups, plasma and hepatic total lipid(TL) and total cholesterol(TC) of FG and SG groups tended to be lower than those of F and S groups. Fecal TL, TG and TC of FG or SG groups tended to be higher than those of F and S groups. In conclusion, intake of guar gum should improve carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in partial substitution of fructose or sucrose for cornstarch in GK rats.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.1
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• pp.317.1-317.1
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• 2003

Carbohydrate-binding proteins have been isolated from various sources, including plants, animals, fungi, and bacteria, and they have been used extensively in the detection, localization, and isolation of glycoconjugates. Many carbohydrate-binding proteins are purified from mushrooms, however, only a few proteins with sialic acid-binding specificity have been reported. In the present study, a novel sialic acid-binding protein, designated PJA, has been purified from the mushroom Paecilomyces japonica. followed by extraction and affinity chromatography. (omitted)

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.555-556
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• 2010

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.388-389
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• 1989

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.273-278
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• 1998

Carbohydrate metabolism and partitioning are dependent on relationships between sources and sinks which can be affected by rates of photosynthesis and respiration. Fructan, the major form of stored carbohydrate in tall fescue (festuca arundineacea Schreb.), changes in concentration during growth and in response to the environment. Objectives of this study were i) to examine the content and the composition of carbohydrates in five tissues (mature leaf blade, immature leaf blade, leaf elongation zone, terminal meristem, and root tips) of two tall fescue genotypes, one with high yield per tiller (HYT) and one with low yield per tiller (LYT), and ii) to compare the reserved and utilized carbohydrates among above five different tissues, particularly between the leaf elongation zone and root tips. The established vegetative tillers of the HYT and LYT genotypes were grown in a controlled-environment growth chamber. Water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC) in the leaf elongation zone was about 22% of dry weight in the HYT and about 19% in the LYT genotype. The root tip also had high WSC, about 12% of dry weight in the HYT and 6% in the LYT genotype. Hexoses and sucrose were the major components of total WSC in all tissues except the leaf elongation zone. The growing tissues (sinks), i.e., the leaf elongation zone and root tip, had a high proportion of low degree of polymerization fructan, i.e., 3 to 8 hexose units.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.165-175
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• 1990

This experiment was conducted to examine the effects of different carbohydrate and nitrogen source upon the utilization of amino acids in the small intestine of sheep. The results obtained are as follows: 1) For the quantities of total amino acid-N(TAA-N), essential amino acid-N(EAA-N) and nonessential amino acid-N(NEAA-N) passing at the duodenum and ileum except NEAA-N passing at the ileum were no significant differences (p>0.05) between diets. The quantities of NEAA-N passing at the ileum for the diets containing meat and bone meal were significantly higher (p>0.05) than the diets containing soybean meal. The mean values for the proportionate disappearance apparently digested TAA-N, EAA-N and NEAA-N within the small intestine for four diets were $0.692{\pm}0.0449$, $0.702{\pm}0.0132$ and $0.682{\pm}0.726$, respectively. 2) There were no significant differences (p>0.05) in duodenal individual amino acid flow between diets with the exception of aspartic acid and glycine. The amounts of each amino acid in duodenal digesta, expressed as a proportion of the amounts ingested for the four diets, were shown that there were net gains of EAA with the exception of arginine and NEAA with the exception of glutamic acid, glycine and praline prior to the small intestine. 3) Within the small intestine, there were no significant losses of each EAA (p>0.05) but significant losses of aspartic acid and glycine of NEAA between diets (p<0.01). The mean values of the proportionate losses of methionine, alanine and lysine within the small intestine were $0.816{\pm}0.04$, $0.767{\pm}0.04$ and $0.732{\pm}0.01$, respectively.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.407-416
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• 2023

Plant-based, grain-free, and gluten-free diets have been the focus of recent research, as part of the premiumization trend in dog food. However, the lack of comprehensive information regarding carbohydrates in dog food makes it difficult to produce nutritionally balanced meals. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the nutritional value of carbohydrate ingredients commonly used in commercial dog foods. First, using data from Euromonitor, we investigated the trends in the dry dog food industry and analyzed the annual volume of dry dog food sales, as well as the dog population from 2010 to 2021 in Korea. The growth of the market was greatest in 2021, when the total value of sales of premium dry dog food was 254.3 billion KRW (Korean won) more than in 2010. In addition, sales of dry dog food by age category were marked by a significant increase (404.8%) in the market for dry food for senior dogs. Second, we examined the frequency of carbohydrate ingredients used in dry dog food and conducted a proximate analysis of the top 10 most frequently used ingredients. Subsequently, we analyzed the crude protein, crude fat, and nitrogen-free extract in the carbohydrate ingredients based on dry matter (DM) and calculated the ratio of metabolic energy content supplied from each nutrient in the carbohydrate ingredients. The ratio of metabolic energy content in the carbohydrate ingredients indicated that mung beans had the highest crude protein content (31.3%), whereas oats exhibited the highest crude fat content (23.3%). Sweet potatoes had the highest nitrogen-free extract content, measuring at 93.6%. The results of this study are expected to provide a valuable foundation for the growth and development of the domestic dog food industry, while also contributing to a deeper understanding of the specific role of each ingredient as a carbohydrate source.

• 한국양식학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.133-140
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• 1998

참전복 사료의 적정 탄수화물 종류 및 첨가량을 구명하기 위하여 카제인, 북양어분 및 대두박을 단백질원으로하나 실험사료에 소맥분, dextrin,참전복 사료의 적정 탄수화물 종류 및 첨가량을 구명하기 위하여 카제인, 북양어분 및 대두박을 단백질원으로하나 실험사료에 소맥분, dextrin, $^{\alpha}$-potato starch, sucrose를 각각 2-~24%씩 첨가하여 그 이용성을 평가하였다. 또한 $^{\alpha}$-potato starch를 15%, 20% 및 25% 첨가하여 적정함량을 조사하였으며, 북양어분, 대두박, 콘글루텐밀, 면실박, 소맥분의 첨가 비율을 조절하여 탄수화물 함량이 다른 배합사료와 비슷하게 유지한 배합사료구도 설정하였으며, 천연먹이로 건조 다시마와 건조 미역 공급구를 두어 실험배합사료와 비교하였다. 실험용으로 중간 크기의 건강한 치패(평균체중;125 mg)를 사료마다 4반복으로 20주간 사육 실험하였다. 사육한 후의 생존률은 건조 다시마와 건조 미역구가 타 실험구보다 낮았다(P<0.05). 실험종료시의 평균체중과 증체율은 사료의 탄수화물 종류에 영향을 받지 않았으며, 건조 다시마와 미역구보다 유의적으로 높았다(P<0.05). $^{\alpha}$-potato starch 20%와 25% 첨가구와 통계적인 차이는 없었지만, $^{\alpha}$-potato starch 15%첨가구의 성장효과는 다소 낮아져 $^{\alpha}$+$^{\beta}$-potato starch 20%와 sucrose 20%와 25% 첨가구와 유의차를 보였다(P>0.05). 실험 종료시 지질 함량은 소맥분, dextrin, $^{\alpha}$-potato starch 첨가구들이 서로 유의차없이 타 실험구보다 높았고, 천연먹이구와 상($\alpha$)-potato starch 25% 첨가구들이 낮은 값을 보였다(P<0.05). 이상으로부터 본 실험에 사용된 탄수화물원들은 모두 참전복 사료에 적합할 것으로 전망된다.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.649-654
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• 2009

This study was designed to evaluate the effects of high-carbohydrate (HC) or high-fat (HF) diet with hydroxycitric acid (HCA)-containing Garcinia cambogia in rats. Seventy male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 7 groups and raised with experimental diets containing different HCA levels (0, 1.6, and 3.2%) and calorie sources (carbohydrate, fat) for 8 weeks. Energy intake was significantly reduced in rats fed a HC diet with HCA compared to the HC diet without HCA. Body weight gain was significantly reduced in HCA groups. In the diet groups, plasma total lipid and triglyceride (TG) levels of the HCA groups were significantly lower than those of the group without HCA. There were no significant differences in energy intake and plasma lipid profile in HF groups. These results suggest that HC diet with HCA was more effective in the reduction of energy intake, body weight gain, and plasma lipid contents than those of HF diet with HCA.