• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.119-143
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• 2003

Trust has been identified as a key component in many e-Commerce studies. The purpose of this study is to find out which factors play a major role in building trust and how the built-up trust affect consumer's purchase intention in Internet used-car transactions. Based on the information asymmetry, TAM(Technology Acceptance Model), and the trust theory, our research model includes factors such as a buyer's propensity-to-trust, institutional characteristics(inspection and warranty policy), word-of-mouth referral, perceived size, and perceived benefits as independent variables. The model also includes trust as a mediate variable, intention to purchase as a dependent variable and perceived quality risk as a moderate variable. The research model is tested by analyzing 787 sample data gathered from Internet used-car transaction sites. The result shows that the trust has significant effects on the online purchase intention, and institutional characteristics has been identified as the most significant factor for the trust of Internet used-car sites. The independent factors influencing trust vary depending on the level of perceived quality risk. For users who perceive the quality risk low, the perceived benefits explain a little portion of the purchase intention. However, those who perceive quality risk high would purchase used-cars only when they have trust on the Internet sites, indicating that trust play an important role as a mediate variable. This study suggests that enhancing the trust in Internet used-car sites is important to increase online transactions.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.37-46
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to explore factors that affect electric car-sharing by highlighting issues of environmental sustainability and customer attitude and satisfaction. Research design, data and methodology: This study examined customers' perception on those issues by using electric car-sharing as usages of both electric car and car-sharing play a key role to improve sustainability. Online survey was applied to collect the data. This study also applied factor and regression analyses for data analysis. Results: The results of this study showed that effects of proposed factors including cost efficiency, emotion, safety, health, and sustainability on attitude toward electric car-sharing on attitude were significant. The results also showed that the effects on intention, satisfaction, and loyalty were significant. Conclusions: This study provides policy and managerial implications. By dealing with factors of electric car-sharing service, this study offers necessity of better strategies and policies for electric car-sharing service to electric car businesses and policy makers. This study also suggests that businesses should develop appropriate strategies for the improved usage of electric car-sharing by considering sustainability and improving relationships with customers. Further, government should consider to develop proper policies for sustainability by promoting the usages of electric car-sharing.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.185-192
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• 1982

The purpose of this study was to examine preschool children's participation tendency and use of play materials in imaginative play. The subjects for the study included 22 boys and girls in nursery school. These children were observed for 110-3-minutes of play behavior during free play at nursery school, especially in block area and housekeeping area. The results obtained from the study were as follows. 1. There was a significant association between paricipation tendency in imaginative play and age or sex, Boys engaged in more social imaginative play than girls, and four-year-olds engaged in more social imaginative play than three-year-olds. 2. There was sex difference in the content of imaginative play and use of play materials. That is, boys usually chose masculine kinds of toys such as block, cars, trucks, and manipulative materials. And the boys' common fantasies were about car, robert and fighting. Girls usually chose play dough, kitchen sets, and blocks and there were maines stories of family life and cooking. 3. Children preferred to use more realistic toys in imaginative plays and there were few cases of imaginative plays with no materials.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.623-628
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• 2001

The styling of passenger car wheels and their effect on vehicle appearance has increased in importance in recent years. The wheel designer has been given the task of insuring that a wheel design meets its engineering objectives without affecting the styling theme. The wheel and tire system is considered as a vehicle component whose dynamic modal information of the tire/wheel system are employed in the modal synthesis model of the vehicle. The Vibration characteristics of a passenger car wheel play an important role to judge a ride comfortability and quality for a passenger car. In this paper, the vibration characteristics of a AI-alloy and steel wheel for passenger car are studied. Natural frequency, damping and mode shape are determined experimentally by frequency response function method. Results show that wheel material property, size and design are parameter for shift of natural frequency and damping.

• Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.46-50
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• 2008

Aerodynamic characteristics, such as drag and lift, play an important role in automobile design under certain speed conditions. Such characteristics are essential to design an automobile since they are directly related to automobile's performance such as passenger safety and fuel consumption. There is a huge demand for the automobile to have safe performance at high speed. Reduction in drag is also important and it could lead to the solution of air flow induced noise and dust problems. The objective of this research is to find out the aerodynamic differences between conventional side mirror and a modified one using CFD. Although drag generated around a side mirror is only about 7% of the total drag when a car runs, it is very closely related to driver's field of vision and noise generation. CFD simulation of the flowfield around a car side-view mirror was performed using a commercial code; Gambit and FLUENT.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.43-49
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• 1996

With the recent interest in methanol as a SI engine fuel, aldehyde emissions have become a greater concern. A M-90 fueled passenger car was operated in a chassis dynamometer using FTP 75 driving cycle to examine formaldehyde emissions. Formation process of aldehyde and methods to reduce them are discussed in this paper for a SI-engine passenger car operating by M-90. Aldehyde emissions have been found to be 3 to 7 times higher from M-90 than from gasoline, while CO, NOx, THC are as low or lower than gasoline. Noble metal compositions appeared to play a role in formaldehyde and unburned methanol emission performance. For example, catalyst Pd showed better reduction of both formaldehyde and methanol than catalyst Pt. however, emission rates of formaldehyde and methanol for catalyst Pt were relatively similar to catalyst Pt/Rh.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.187-193
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• 2013

In this prolonged economic recession, the countries in Northeast Asia play a crucial role in the global market and the relationship between Korea and China gets more attention due to its significant achievement during the past 20 years after the establishment of diplomatic ties in 1992. In this regards, this study presents general overview of Korea-China Car Ferry Route and evaluates the efficiency level of each operating route using DEA model. Incheon-Yingkou, Incheon-Lianyungang, Pyeong Taek-Lianyungang are analyzed as efficent routes, while from the view point of passenger efficiency, 4 routes i.e, Incheon-Dalian, Incheon-Dandong, Pyeong Taek- Weihai, Gunsan-Shidao are also noted as efficient routes. Consequently, other inefficient routes can benchmark these efficient routes by increasing cargo volume and passengers.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 1996.06c
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• pp.722-727
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• 1996

A simple compost windrow-forming car and a compost tuner were developed at the aim of low cost manure management systems. The developed compost windrow- forming car is possible windrows formation at a short time. In order to be pulverized and mixed by upper and lower beaters at the windrow-forming, the condition of air and the mixing of materials to play a major role in composting is filled. This car can also utilized for a manure spreader by folding the windrow-forming cover. The developed compost turner is a type equipped with tractor rear-right side. Main specifications are 2.5m working width, overall length 3.3m and 45degrees conveyer inclination angle, 2 beaters for mixing and pulverization are equipped in front parts. Windrows of 2.5m width and 1.5m height are turned at the speed of 4.5-5.1m/min. In accordance with the above, by combining the compost windrow-forming car and the compost turner, a simple composting system for each farmer could be constructed by the low c st.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.94-100
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• 2022

It is common for commercial vehicles to make the top part according to the use after making the bear chassis, and to connect various devices with the bear chassis. Various brackets used in bear chassis for the development of all automobiles, including commercial vehicles, play a role of connecting the components required for driving and operating the car to the car body. In commercial vehicles, components necessary for operation are installed in the bear chassis; that is, the bear chassis of commercial vehicles is a space where the devices required for driving and operating the vehicle are installed. The devices required for the configuration of the vehicle are drive, brake, exhaust and steering, etc. These devices are basically connected to the body, the front axis, or the rear axis. The part interlinking the apparatuses required for the vehicle drive to the car body or axis is bracket. In this study, we analyzed the boundary conditions to evaluate the stability of the three brackets that connect the components of the car to the front axis of the new type of 30-seater bus in the development process. In order to analyze the boundary conditions, the boundary conditions according to the driving condition of the vehicle were classified. For stress analysis to evaluate the stability of brackets according to the driving state of the vehicle, it is reasonable to give the bracket a boundary condition of harsh conditions.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.10
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• pp.274-280
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• 2017

The smart-car industry has emerged as the important variable that will decide the future industrial contour of the automotive industry, together with commercialization of electronic vehicles, connected cars, infotainment, telematics, and the autonomous/self-driving car. This study analyzes the strategic position of platform companies and car manufacturers that would determine the future of the smart-car market. The findings of this study show that despite the entry barriers in industrial factors, such as economies of scale, the industrial infrastructure, and global production networks, and technical factors like exclusive head-sector information, car manufacturers may be deprived of their industrial leadership by platform companies with map and user data, big data capabilities, and user interface experience if they lag behind ICT innovation. This insight is based on the emerging importance of software and platforms, and the simplification of car structures, proven by the successful commercialization of electronic vehicles. This study complements existing studies mainly focused on technical aspects of the smart-car industry by examining the strategic dimensions of platform companies and their approach to the future smart-car market by comparing them with existing car manufacturing multinationals.