• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.49-59
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• 2022

The relationship between income inequality and capital account openness is empirically investigated in this study, where macroeconomic variables have opposing effects. Panel data used in the study from the KAOPEN Index and World Bank consists of 28 Asian countries and has been examined; it contains annual observations from 1970 to 2018. The data is examined using a random-effect model based on GMM estimates. Income inequality and capital account openness are positively and significantly related, according to our findings. Overall, the findings imply that increasing income gaps reduced capital investment in nations with large discrepancies. The growing economic discrepancy is being caused by the rich's increasing income share at the expense of the poor. In Asia, inward capital account openness exacerbates income inequality, while outward capital account openness exacerbates it. As a result, income inequality slows economic growth, leading to inflation, unemployment, and increased government spending in several Asian countries. Our control factors, GDP, and other secondary school enrolments, all had a statistically significant negative relationship with income inequality. Income disparity has a positive and statistically significant association with government spending, inflation, population, trade openness, and unemployment. Income disparity has a negative association with capital account openness, gross domestic product, and secondary school enrollment.

• East Asian Economic Review
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.221-244
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• 2024

This study examines how the independence of monetary policy changes in situations where the interest rate differential between domestic and foreign rates inverts, utilizing the trilemma indices. For analysis, this paper uses the trilemma indices developed by Kim et al. (2017) to analyze the relationship between the monetary policy independence index and the other two trilemma indices, namely the capital account openness index and the exchange rate stability index, across 45 countries from 2002 to 2018. The analysis reveals that the trilemma's validity is contingent. In particular, no statistically significant negative correlation was found between the monetary policy independence index and exchange rate stability index during periods of interest rate differential inversion. A positive correlation emerges between exchange rate stability and the independence of monetary policy, particularly when the inverted interest rate differential exceeds a certain threshold. This situation, where the exchange rate remains stable despite low domestic interest rates, implies that the central bank is effectively managing monetary policy to appropriately respond to economic conditions, which is reflected in the monetary policy independence index.

• East Asian Economic Review
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.175-203
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• 2021

Over the past decades, financial markets have been integrated across countries while income inequality has increased in most countries. This paper studies the effect of financial market integration on income inequality and investigates whether this effect varies with the degree of financial market development. We find empirical evidence that financial market integration and financial market development interact to change income inequality. Specifically, the effect of financial market integration on income inequality is nonlinear, and the degree of financial market development plays an important role. Opening financial markets worsens income inequality in the countries holding the underdeveloped state of financial markets, however, the effect of capital account openness on income inequality is statistically insignificant in the countries with developed financial markets.

• 국제지역연구
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.99-123
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• 2008

본 논문은 기술추종국(technology follower)으로서의 한국 제조업의 상황을 명시적으로 감안하기 위하여 기술선도국(technology frontier)과의 상대적 생산성 수준을 국제적으로 비교 가능한 방식으로 추정하고, 이러한 상대적 기술격차가 한국 제조업의 산업별 총요소생산성 증가율을 설명함에 있어 어떠한 역할을 하였는가를 분석한다. 1988~2003년 기간 중 한국의 10개 제조업을 대상으로 수행된 실증분석의 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째 기존의 연구들에서 발견되는 바와 같이 연구개발 집약도, 무역지수, 인적자본지수 등은 총요소생산성 증가에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째 기술선도국과의 기술격차가 클수록 그리고 기술선도국의 총요소생산성 증가율이 빠를수록 한국의 해당산업 총요소생산성 증가율이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 셋째 기술선도국과의 기술격차가 클 경우에는 기술선진국들과의 무역을 통한 기술이전이 연구개발 활동이나 인적자본의 축적 등의 경로보다 해당산업의 총요소생산성을 증가시키는 데 보다 효율적인 것으로 나타났다.