• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.27-31
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• 1982

This study was undertaken in order to get biomorphometric significance of oral candidiasis as a diagnostic method. Specimen was collected from 23 oral candidiasis outpatients(10 male and 13 female) of dental infirmary of U.C.L.A. Health Center from Sept. 1,1981 to Aug. 1,1982. The results were as follows : 1. The male-female ratio on oral candidiasis was 5/6.5. 2. The mean age of male was 42.8 and the mean age of female was 60.1. 3. The nucleocytoplasmic ratio of outmost epithelial cell layer was 0.60 ane (the nuclecytoplasmic ratio of)basal cell layer was 0.87. The difference was significant.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.172-175
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• 2019

A young slaty-backed gull was found dead nearby Seongsan harbor, Seogwipo-si, Jeju. Grossly, focal ulceration and a protuberant nodule were observed in intermediated zone between proventriculus and gizzard. Numerous discrete or confluent white-yellowish nodules were scattered on the surface of liver. Caudal portion of left kidney was replaced by a white-yellowish nodule. Three raised masses were observed in the spleen. Histologically, there were severe ulceration with hemorrhage in the gizzard and multifocal granulomatous inflammations in liver, kidney, spleen, and lungs. Pink to dark-red, round to oval fungal spores and pseudohyphae in granulomatous lesions were confirmed by periodic acid-Schiff stain. Candida albicans were isolated from the lesions of liver, kidney, spleen and gizzard using fungal culture and confirmed by VITEK 2 system. Based on the gross, histopathological findings, and fungal examination, this case was diagnosed as systemic candidiasis of a wild slaty-backed gull. In our best knowledge, this is the first report for systemic candidiasis characterized by multifocal granulomatous lesions in internal organs of a wild gull in Korea.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.185-194
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• 2018

Objectives: Vaginal Candidiasis with an approximate prevalence of 30% is the second cause of vaginal infections. Antifungal azole is the first treatment for Vaginal Candidiasis; however, some side effects have been reported for this chemical medicine. Based on the antifungal activity of Inner Stratum of Quercus Brantii (Q. Brantii), the aim of our study was to compare the effects of vaginal douche of Q. Brantii extract and clotrimazole on vaginal candidiasis symptoms before and after the treatments, in women. Methods: 89 non-pregnant women with positive KOH test which is capable of identifying the presence of hyphae and mycelium by adding KOH (10%), and a positive vaginal candidiasis culture were randomly divided into two experimental groups, using permuted block randomization method. One group received clotrimazole vaginal cream (1%) and the other group received vaginal douche of Q. Brantii extract. Groups were treated for 7 days and KOH tests and cultures were evaluated again. Data were analyzed via chi-square and independent t-test, using SPSS software. Results: According to the results, there were no significant differences between experimental groups for demographic characteristics like age (p=0.403), BMI (p=0.911), educational levels (p=0.862) and contraceptive methods (p=0.702). Moreover, significant differences were seen in vaginal discharge between the groups after the treatments (P=0.043). Conclusion: The results suggested that the therapeutic effect of vaginal douche of Q. Brantii extract was approximately similar to that of clotrimazole vaginal cream.

• 약학회지
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• 제49권5호
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• pp.422-427
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• 2005

Our previous data showed the protein isolated from Coptidis Rhizoma (CRP) had antifungal activity. In present study, we examined mode of action of the CRP and its activity against subcutaneous candidiasis due to C. albicans yeast cells. Results showed that the CRP blocked hyphal production from yeast form of C. albicans. The CRP also activated RAW 264.7 monocyte/macrophage cell line, which resulted in nitiric oxide (NO) production from the cells. This activation seemed to increase macrophage phagocytosis to destroy the invaders. Like other antimicrobial peptides, CRP was influenced by ionic strength, thus resulting in a decrease of antifungal activity. In murine model of a subcutaneous candidiasis, the sizes of infected areas of the nude mice given the CRP after subcutaneous injection of C. albicans yeast cells to the dorsal skin were $90\%$ less than those of the nude mice groups that received DPBS instead of the CRP. All data indicate that the CRP, which appeared to act like an antimicrobial peptide and to inhibit the morphological transition from blastoconidia, was effec­tive against the subcutaneous disease.

• 약학회지
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• 제57권2호
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• pp.119-124
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• 2013

The aim of this present study was to investigate the antifungal effect of tanshinones isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza against Candida ablicans, a polymorphic fungus. For the work, tanshinone IIA (TSN), cryptotanshinone (CTS), and dihydrotanshinone I (DTS) were chosen. Initially, their antifungal effect was analyzed by in-vitro susceptibility test. Data from the susceptibility test showed that while all of these three compounds had antifungal activity, DTS was the most potent. At $100{\mu}g$ DTS/ml, there was about 80% CFU (colony forming unit) reduction as compared to DTS-untreated C. albicans yeast cells (P<0.05). Thus, DTS was selected to determine its antifungal activity in a murine model of disseminated candidiasis due to C. albicans. Results showed that DTS enhanced resistance of mice against disseminated candidiasis. During the entire period of 30-day observation, 60% of DTS-given mice groups survived whereas control animals all died within 14 days (P<0.05). Moreover, DTS inhibited the hyphal production, one of the virulence factors of this fungus, from the blastoconidial form of the fungus. Therefore, the tanshinone appears to have antifungal activity specific for C. albicans infection, which could possibly be mediated by the blockage of hyphal production.

• 약학회지
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• 제57권6호
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• pp.383-387
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• 2013

In the present study, we determined the antifungal effect of obacunone isolated from Phellodendri Cortex against Candida ablicans, a pathogenic fungus. The antifungal effect was analyzed by an in-vitro susceptibility test and in a murine model of disseminated candidiasis. Possible mechanism of the antifungal activity was also examined. Analyses of data resulting from the susceptibility test revealed that the compound inhibited C. albicans growth. At 25 ${\mu}g$ obacunone/ml, there was app. 45% reduction of CFUs (colony forming units) as compared to obacunone-untreated C. albicans yeast cells (P<0.01). In the murine model of disseminated candidiasis due to C. albicans, obacunone enhanced resistance of mice against disseminated candidiasis. During an entire period of 30-day observation, control animals all died within 14 days, whereas 60% of obacunone-treated mice survived (P<0.05). In addition, obacunone inhibited the hyphal production, a major virulence factor of C. albicans, from the blastoconidial form. Thus, obacunone appears to have antifungal activity for C. albicans infection. This may possibly be mediated by the blockage of hyphal production.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.71-75
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• 2016

Esophageal candidiasis is commonly seen in immunocompromised patients; however, candida esophagitis induced stricture is a very rare complication. We report the first case of esophageal stricture secondary to candidiasis in a glycogen storage disease (GSD) 1b child. The patient was diagnosed with GSD type 1b by liver biopsy. No mutation was found in the G6PC gene, but SLC37A4 gene sequencing revealed a compound heterozygous mutation (p.R28H and p.W107X, which was a novel mutation). The patient's absolute neutrophil count was continuously under $1,000/{\mu}L$ when he was over 6 years of age. He was admitted frequently for recurrent fever and infection, and frequently received intravenous antibiotics, antifungal agents. He complained of persistent dysphagia beginning at age 7 years. Esophageal stricture and multiple whitish patches were observed by endoscopy and endoscopic biopsy revealed numerous fungal hyphae consistent with candida esophagitis. He received esophageal balloon dilatation four times, and his symptoms improved.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제64권4호
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• pp.172-179
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• 2021

Background: Evidence shows that fluconazole prophylaxis is an effective treatment against invasive fungal infections in preterm neonates, however, the most efficient schedule of fluconazole prophylaxis for the colonization and mortality of invasive candidiasis (IC) is unknown. Purpose: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the efficiency of different prophylactic fluconazole schedules in controlling IC colonization, infection, and mortality in very low birth weight (VLBW) and extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants in neonatal intensive care units. Methods: We searched the PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane databases using the keywords "candida," "invasive candidiasis," "IC," "fluconazole prophylaxis," "preterm infants," "very low birth weight infants," "VLBW," "extremely low birth weight," and "ELBW." Results: Mortality was significantly decreased in a meta-analysis of studies using different fluconazole prophylaxis regimens. The meta-analysis also indicated a significant decrease in the incidence of IC-associated mortality in ELBW infants using the same fluconazole prophylaxis schedules. Conclusion: Future studies should explore the effectiveness of other different fluconazole prophylaxis schedules on IC colonization, infection, and mortality.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제45권7호
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• pp.847-854
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• 2002

목 적: 신생아 집중치료실에 장기간 입원 중인 환아는 입원중 전신성 감염을 일으킬 위험이 있다. 이미 항생제를 투여 받고 있는 환아에서 전신 감염 증상이 발현하면, 전신성 칸디다증은 장기간의 amphotericin B의 투여가 필요하며 세균 감염증은 감수성 있는 항생제로의 교체를 필요로 한다. 본 연구에서는 미숙아인 저출생 체중아를 대상으로 전신성 칸디다증의 임상증상과 증상 발현시의 검사 소견을 전신성 세균 감염증과 비교함으로써 이들 소견의 조기 감별 진단 상의의를 조사하였다. 방 법 : 1997년 1월부터 2001년 6월까지 경북대학교병원 신생아 집중치료실에 입원했던 미숙아 중 저출생 체중아 중에서 배양검사로 확인된 전신성 칸디다증 20례와 전신성 세균 감염증 23례를 대상으로 하여 이들의 의무 기록을 후향적으로 조사하였다. 결 과: 전신성 칸디다증 환아(이하 칸디다군)의 출생시 체중은 $1,290{\pm}290g$으로 전신성 세균 감염증 환아(이하 세균군)의 $1,530{\pm}430g$보다 유의하게 작았으며, 총 정맥 영양, 항생제 투여, 중심 카테테르, 기관 삽관, $H_2$ 차단제 사용의 빈도가 더 높았다. 임상 양상에 있어서는 서맥 동반 무호흡 및 호흡 곤란이 두 군의 주된 발현시 증상으로, 발현 빈도는 칸디다군(90%)에서 세균군(61%)에 비해 높았다. 증상 발현시 시행한 검사 소견에서 혈소판 감소증과 백혈구 감소증이 동반된 경우가 칸디다군 7례(35%), 세균군 2례(9%)로 두 군 사이에 유의한 차이를 보였다(P=0.03). 균은 대부분 혈액에서 배양되었으며(칸디다군 19례, 세균군 19례), 그 외에 요, 중심 카테테르, 뇌척수액 등에서 배양되었다. 감염균은 칸디다군은 Candida albicans가 15례, 세균군은 Klebsiella pneumoniae와 Enterobacter cloacae가 각각 5례로 가장 빈번하였다. 결 론 : 신생아 집중치료실에 장기 입원 중 전신 감염증 증상을 보이는 환아에서 호흡기 증상과 함께 검사상 혈소판 감소 단독 또는 혈소판 감소증과 백혈구 감소증이 동반된 경우에는 전신성 칸디다 감염증 가능성이 높을 것으로 사료된다.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.195-197
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• 1997

An urinoma(uriniferous pseudocyst, pararenal pseudocyst) denotes an encapsulated collection of urine in the perirenal or paraureteral space. It was usually reported in relation to trauma and acquired obstructive uropathy but rarely reported in renal infection including renal candidiasis. The mechanism is believed due to rupture of fornix through weakened portion of suppurated kidney and pyelosinus backflow by increased intrapelvic pressure in obstructive uropathy and fungus ball obstruction. We report a case of urinoma in a premature as the first case in Korea which developed as a complication of renal candidiasis.