• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권12호
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• pp.5223-5227
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• 2016

Background: Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women in many populations. While the Pap smear is a well established screening test it suffers from both false-positive and false-negative results in diagnosis of cancers and precancerous states. In this study, immunocytochemistry of the P16 biomarker and HPV-PCR were compared for their diagnostic potential. Materials and methods: In the study, we obtained pairs of specimens from 45 women with cervical dysplasia. One sample was placed in a liquid-based solution, and processed for staining of sections with antibodies to P16. HPV-PCR was performed on the other and the results obtained were analyzed by T-test using SPSS v. 15. Results: Using HPV-PCR 71% of the samples were found to be infected with either HPV 16 or HPV 18, and the rate of infection did not have a statistically significant relationship with higher grades of dysplasia (p= 0.253). In contrast, with immunocytochemistry evaluation of P16, 64% of the specimens were positive, but the percentage of positive results significantly increased with higher grades of dysplasia (p= 0.0001). Conclusion: Employment of the P16 marker as an optional test might be preferable over HPV-PCR for cervical dysplasia in our geographical region.

• Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.191-196
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• 2018

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cancer are serious health problems worldwide, and their prevalences have been on the rise in recent years. It has been reported that adropin plays an important role in the development of T2DM, oxidative stress, inflammation, and obesity. However, there is limited information available on T2DM from human studies, especially for the Korean population. In this study, we aimed to investigate the correlation between adropin levels and obesity of Korean T2DM patients. Methods: Thirty-six T2DM patients were recruited for this study. The participants were further classified into female (n = 12) and male (n = 24). Their body composition, metabolic parameters, inflammatory factors, and oxidative stress were measured. Results: The severity of obesity is more manifested in male than in female. Plasma triglyceride (TG) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels of male were significantly higher than female. The plasma adropin and adiponectin level of female was significantly higher than male. The body weight, body mass index (BMI), body fat mass were negatively correlated with the plasma adropin level in female, whereas adropin has positive correlation with adiponectin in female. The hs-CRP was negatively correlated with the plasma adropin level in female and male. malondialdehyde, reactive oxidative species, and $TNF-{\alpha}$ was not significantly correlated with adropin in patients with T2DM. Conclusions: These findings suggest that adropin may be more used as a biomarker for predicting the risk of obesity and inflammation in Korean patients with T2DM, especially women.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.183-192
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• 2019

Purpose: Due to adverse events, dose reduction or withdrawal of adjuvant chemotherapy is required for some patients. To identify the predictive factors for tolerability to postoperative adjuvant S-1 monotherapy in gastric cancer (GC) patients, we evaluated the predictive values of blood indicators. Materials and Methods: We analyzed 98 patients with pStage II/III GC who underwent postoperative adjuvant S-1 monotherapy. We retrospectively analyzed correlations between 14 parameters obtained from perioperative routine blood tests to assess their influence on the withdrawal of postoperative adjuvant S-1 monotherapy, within 6 months after discontinuation. Results: Postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy was discontinued in 21 patients (21.4%) within 6 months. Univariable analysis revealed that high preoperative albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) scores had the highest odds ratio (OR) for predicting the failure of adjuvant S-1 chemotherapy (OR, 6.47; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.08-20.1; cutoff value, -2.696). The high ALBI group had a significantly shorter time to failure of postoperative adjuvant S-1monotherapy (hazard ratio, 3.48; 95% CI, 1.69-7.25; P=0.001). Multivariable analysis identified high preoperative ALBI score as an independent prognostic factor for tolerability (OR, 10.3; 95% CI, 2.33-45.8; P=0.002). Conclusions: Preoperative ALBI shows promise as an indicator associated with the tolerability of adjuvant S-1 monotherapy in patients with pStage II/III GC.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.25-32
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• 2023

Recognizing the size and location of prostate cancer is critical for prostate cancer diagnosis, treatment, and predicting prognosis. This paper proposes a model to classify the tumor region and normal tissue with cross-sectional visual images of prostatectomy tissue. We used specimen images of 44 prostate cancer patients who received prostatectomy at Gachon University Gil Hospital. A total of 289 prostate slice images consist of 200 slices including tumor region and 89 slices not including tumor region. Images were divided based on the presence or absence of tumor, and a total of 93 features from each slice image were extracted using Radiomics: 18 first order, 24 GLCM, 16 GLRLM, 16 GLSZM, 5 NGTDM, and 14 GLDM. We compared feature selection techniques such as LASSO, ANOVA, SFS, Ridge and RF, LR, SVM classifiers for the model's high performances. We evaluated the model's performance with AUC of the ROC curve. The results showed that the combination of feature selection techniques LASSO, Ridge, and classifier RF could be best with an AUC of 0.99±0.005.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.20.1-20.10
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• 2023

Aromatase inhibitors (AI) are drugs that are widely used in treating estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer patients. Drug resistance is a major obstacle to aromatase inhibition therapy. There are diverse reasons behind acquired AI resistance. This study aims at identifying the plausible cause of acquired AI resistance in patients administered with non-steroidal AIs (anastrozole and letrozole). We used genomic, transcriptomic, epigenetic, and mutation data of breast invasive carcinoma from The Cancer Genomic Atlas database. The data was then separated into sensitive and resistant sets based on patients' responsiveness to the non-steroidal AIs. A sensitive set of 150 patients and a resistant set of 172 patients were included for the study. These data were collectively analyzed to probe into the factors that might be responsible for AI resistance. We identified 17 differentially regulated genes (DEGs) among the two groups. Then, methylation, mutation, miRNA, copy number variation, and pathway analyses were performed for these DEGs. The top mutated genes (FGFR3, CDKN2A, RNF208, MAPK4, MAPK15, HSD3B1, CRYBB2, CDC20B, TP53TG5, and MAPK8IP3) were predicted. We also identified a key miRNA - hsa-mir-1264 regulating the expression of CDC20B. Pathway analysis revealed HSD3B1 to be involved in estrogen biosynthesis. This study reveals the involvement of key genes that might be associated with the development of AI resistance in ER-positive breast cancers and hence may act as a potential prognostic and diagnostic biomarker for these patients.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.379-389
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• 2024

This study was aimed to evaluate endogenous metabolic changes before and after cisplatin and radiation therapy in patients with cervical cancer via untargeted metabolomic analysis using plasma samples. A total of 13 cervical cancer patients were enrolled in this study. Plasma samples were collected from each patient on two occasions: approximately one week before therapy (P1) and after completion of cisplatin and radiation therapy (P2). Of the 13 patients, 12 patients received both cisplatin and radiation therapy, whereas one patient received radiation therapy alone. The samples were analyzed using the Ultimate 3000 coupled with Q Exactive^TM Focus Hybrid Quadrupole-Orbitrap^TM mass spectrometry (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA). Chromatographic separation utilized a Kinetex C18 column 2.1×100 mm (2.6 ㎛) (Phenomenex, Torrance, CA, USA), and the temperature was maintained at 40℃. Following P2, there were statistically significant increases in the concentrations of indoxyl sulfate, phenylacetylglutamine, Lysophosphatidyethanolamine (LysoPE) (18:1), and indole-3-acetic acid compared with the concentrations observed at P1. Specifically, in the human papillomavirus (HPV) noninfection group, indoxyl sulfate, LysoPE (18:1), and phenylacetylglutamine showed statistically significant increases at P2 compared with P1. No significant changes in metabolite concentrations were observed in the HPV infection group. Indoxyl sulfate, LysoPE (18:1), phenylacetylglutamine, and indole-3-acetic acid were significantly increased following cisplatin and radiation therapy.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.433-439
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• 2006

Purpose: DNA in most cell is regularly damaged by endogenous and exogenous mutagens. Unrepaired damage resulted in apoptosis or may lead to unregulated cell growth and cancer. Inheritance of genetic variants at one or more loci results in an reduced DNA repair capacity. These polymorphisms are highly prevalent in the population, and therefore the attributable risks for cancer could be high. Several studies have documented that polymorphisms of XRCC1, XPD and XRCC3 are associated with skin cancer, especially, XRCC1 among of them has been reported frequently. So, this study involves the relationship between mutation of XRCC1 of squamous cell and basal cell cancer of the skin and risk of cancer development in Korean population. Methods: In case control study, study population (n=100, each cancer) is patients who were pathologically diagnosed as skin cancer(squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma) in Yonsei Wonju Christian Hospital and Bundang CHA General Hospital between 1998 and 2004. The samples of DNA from whom no history of premalignant skin lesion and other malignant diseases were reported belonged to the control group(n=210). Blood and tissue samples were analyzed for presence of XRCC1 Arg399Glu, Arg280His, Arg194Trp using PCR/ RFLP method. Results: For Korean, there was a significant correlation between XRCC1 Arg399Gln gene mutation and risk of basal cell carcinoma development(Arg 399Gln(GA), p=0.012, OR=2.016, 95% CI; 1.230-3.305) /Arg399Gln (AA), p=0.011, OR=1.864, 95% CI; 1.149-3.026)). And, there was also significant correlation between XRCC1 Arg194Trp and risk of skin squamous cell carcinoma development (Arg194Trp (CT+TT), p=0.041, OR=0.537, 95% CI; 0.301-0.960)). In contrast, there was no significant correlation between XRCC1 Arg280His and risk of either basal cell carcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma development. Conclusions: Our result present that XRCC1 Arg399 Gln in basal cell carcinoma and XRCC1 Arg194Trp in squamous cell carcinoma have possibility of cancer risk and biomarker in Korean population. But XRCC1 Arg280 His known having cancer risk on other studies is not associated with cancer risk to squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma in Korean population.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권12호
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• pp.5089-5094
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• 2015

FADS1 (fatty acid desaturase 1) plays a crucial role in fatty acid metabolism, and it was recently reported to be involved in tumorigenesis. However, the role of FADS1 expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains unknown. In the current study, we investigated the expression and clinical pathologic and prognostic significance of FADS1 in ESCC. Immunohistochemical analyses revealed that 58.2% (146/251) of the ESCC tissues had low levels of FADS1 expression, whereas 41.8% (105/251) exhibited high levels of FADS1 expression. In positive cases, FADS1 expression was detected in the cytoplasm of cells. Correlation analyses demonstrated that FADS1 expression was significantly correlated with tumor location (p=0.025) but not with age, gender, histological grade, tumor status, nodal status or TNM staging. Furthermore, patients with tumors expressing high levels of FADS1had a longer disease-free survival time (p<0.001) and overall survival time (p <0.001). Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that, along with nodal status, FADS1 expression was an independent and significant predictive factor (p<0.001). In conclusion, our study suggested that FADS1 might be a valuable biomarker and potential therapeutic target for ESCC.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권sup3호
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• pp.155-160
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• 2016

Breast cancer (BC) is the second most common cancer in the world and by far the most frequent cancer among women, with an estimated 1.67 million new cancer cases diagnosed in 2012 (25% of all cancers). Polygene expression analysis is used to predict the prognosis and determine the most appropriate treatment regimen. The objective of this study was to examine the gene expression profiles of SIRT3, HRAS, LSP1, SCUBE2 and AP2A2 in Iranian women with BC.A total of 136 patients including healthy controls were categorized into three groups based on the relapse of the disease. Expression of desired genes in formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded tissues collected from all groups of participants was analyzed via the RT PCR method. RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis were performed then real-time quantitative PCR was carried out. Gene expression analysis revealed that the expression of SIRT3 was equal among patient and control groups. LSP1 was down regulated in all patient groups relative to controls but reduced expression in the metastatic group relative to the non-metastatic one was not significant. HRAS was significantly overexpressed in total and metastatic tumor samples versus normal but not in non-metastatic cases. SCUBE2 expression showed significant over-expression in both overall tumor samples and the non-metastatic group as compared to normal tissues. Gene expression level of AP2A2 in all groups was not detectable. Our data are compatible with a tumor suppressor role of LSP1 related to potential prognostic factor for tumor recurrence and outcome. This study for the first time assayed the prognostic value and changes in the expression of SIRT3, LSP1, HRAS, SCUBE2 and AP2A2 genes in women with breast cancer in the Iranian population and findings confirmed potential biomarker and prognostic capability of these genes. Such expression profiling data can critically improve prognosis and treatment decisions in cancer patients.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권12호
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• pp.7085-7090
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• 2013

Objective: Published data have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) could play a potential role as diagnostic and prognostic indicators in cancers. Data for the predictive value of microRNA-155 are inconclusive. The aim of the present analysis was therefore to evaluate the role of miR-155 in prognosis for patients with a variety of carcinomas. Methods: Relevant studies were identified by searching PubMed and EMBASE. Data were extracted from studies comparing overall survival (OS), recurrence-free survival (RFS) or cancer-specific survival (CSS) in patients with carcinoma with higher miR-155 expression and those with lower levels. The pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of miR-155 for clinical outcome were calculated. Results: A total of 15 studies were included. The pooled hazard ratio (HR) for OS of higher miR-155 expression in cancerous tissue was 1.89 (95% CI: 1.20-2.99, P=0.006), which could markedly predict poorer survival in general cancer. For RFS/CSS, elevated miR-155 was also associated with poor prognosis of cancer (HR=1.50, 95% CI: 1.10-2.05, P=0.01). On subgroup analysis, the pooled HR for OS in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) was 2.09 (95% CI: 0.68-6.41, P > 0.05), but for RFS/CSS was 1.28 (95% CI: 1.05-1.55, P=0.015), with statistical significance; the pooled HRs for OS and RFS/CSS in digestive system neoplasms were 3.04 (95% CI: 1.48-6.24, P=0.003) and 2.61 (95% CI: 1.98-3.42, P<0.05), respectively. Conclusions: The results indicated that the miR-155 expression level plays a prognostic role in patients with cancer, especially NSCLCs and digestive system carcinomas.