• 대한간호학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.307-318
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• 2000

The researcher would like to suggest that the delivery experience varies depending on the personal situation and the childbirth experiences of the mother. The goals of this study are : 1. To find out the subjectivity structure on delivery experience. 2. To describe the differences in delivery experience depending on the delivery methods. 3. To suggest effective nursing intervention for each type. Q-methodology was used for the research design. One of the main reasons to use this Q methodology. Because each individual's delivery experience can be different. The result of this study shows that the subjectivity related to the delivery experience of mother has at least four distinctive types. Type I mothers can be named as "Motherhood Identity Recognition Type". Type I subjects accept delivery experience very positively, show interest in the health of the baby, and identify their motherliness with responsibility. Type II mothers can be named "Leaping to Maturity Type". It can be explained as a state that mothers experience pain, but by understanding and enduring the pain, the pain is changed to maturity. Type III mothers can be named as "Pride Experience Type". Type III feels vaginal delivery as a process to become a real mothers, and have great pride in making this type of significant emotiange delivery. Therefore, they think the labor pain is worth the value and believes that there are other differences between vaginal delivery and cesarean section. Mothers of Type III take the delivery experience to be meaningful. Type IV mothers can be named as "Lack of Motherhood Transition Type". This type does not seem to feel sorry for their babies for going through a cesarean section delivery. The also do not have the satisfaction of delivery and motherliness identity is low. In addition, they especially do not feel affection towards their babies. Also, because they delivered babies in a state of anesthetics, they do not seem to feel much different, but show negative reactions toward themselves.ow negative reactions toward themselves.

• Journal of Multimedia Information System
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.127-136
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• 2022

In MMORPGs, there are many problems with the Grinding player experience. This research divides the Grinding player experience into four dimensions: Grinding in-Autonomy, Competence, Relatedness and Positive affect through theoretical investigation of game experience. Through the study of Litman (2008), Curiosity is divided into two dimensions, I-Type Curiosity and D-Type Curiosity, and the relationship between Curiosity and Grinding player experience is studied. By distributing questionnaires, collecting data, and using SPSS software to conduct reliability analysis, validity analysis, correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis on the data, it is verified that in MMORPG, I-Type Curiosity can positively affect Grinding in-Autonomy, Competence, Relatedness and Positive affect. D-Type Curiosity can positively affect Grinding in-Autonomy, Competence and Positive affect, but D-Type Curiosity has no statistical relationship with Grinding in-Relatedness. And through the standardized coefficient (Beta) value, between the Curiosity factors, I-Type Curiosity has a greater impact on Grinding in-Autonomy and Positive affect, and D-Type Curiosity has a greater impact on Grinding in-Competence. Finally, from the perspective of I-Type Curiosity and D-Type Curiosity, combined with the drawbacks of the MMORPG Gringding mechanism, some concrete and feasible suggestions and optimization schemes are put forward to improve the Grinding player experience. This research result can provide some feasible suggestions for MMORPG developers and designers, optimize the MMORPG Grinding mechanism from the perspective of I-Type Curiosity and D-Type Curiosity, and improve the Grinding player experience. It can provide appropriate assistance for the improved development of MMORPG games.

• 농촌계획
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.139-155
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• 2015

This study was conducted to effectively develop rural tourism in Korea. For the purpose, tourism that can develop with local industries and cultures together was designated as life-type tourism and development models of such tourism were reviewed based on an understanding that province-oriented tourism is necessary. An analysis of three actual cases of Japan led to following results. First, life-type tourist destinations can be developed in connection with making local areas based on their special themes, can be developed in relation to their life cultures based on their peculiar life cultures and can be developed in creative forms using characteristic environment and organizational culture of those areas. In pursuing life-type tourist attractions, it will be possible to make practical development using it with those three basic models. Second, it is important to form a flow covering the entire regions based on their own special themes, to build cyclical structure of regions and tourism and tourism and industries and to create overall conditions that can help local residents get benefits and join together, in order to develop such life-type tourist destinations. Development of life-type resort tourist destinations needs roles of practical organizations that can effectively manage them, but such organizations should be dynamic and should be distant from management of money as much as possible.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.27-36
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• 1985

^x In Korea, we are entering on a new phase that the use concept of urban park is extending to dynamic activities such as games and sports. This article is to investigate the significance of lawn areas, as a receptive space of such a wide range of recreation activities. As a study process, Green Styles (type of parks) such as Garden Type, Park Type and Forest Type were studied and historical review of lawn areas in park development was performed. In conclusion, the lawn areas ( greensward) are an essential part of park and open space organization. The significance as a conclusion is presented as follows : 1 ) Balance in type of parks The structures of our parks and open spaces are inclined toward the artificial Garden Type and natural Forest Type. Therefore, the intermediate Park Type and sparse wood areas should be a core part of our park and open space development. 2) Psychological effect Park Type areas, thorned by greensward(lawn area), can refresh urban dwellers with natural picturesque landscaps, and Park Type landscape is the most preferred natural landscape. It shows the essence of natural amenity as 3) Accomodation of wide range of recreation activities Lawn areas in urban park are the best place in accomodating the wide range of active and massive recreation activities. Thus, lawn areas can increase the freedom of recreation use in urban park. 4) Enlargement of physical carrying capacity. With expansion of lawn areas of euro- american concept, the structural open space can be transformed into service open space. Thus, the recreation carrying capacity of urban parks can be enlarged.

• 한국디지털건축인테리어학회논문집
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.5-13
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• 2012

In this study, features and design effects of PV(Photovoltaic) modules were classified to help the installation of BIPV(Building Integrated Photovoltaic) In addition, through domestic and international trends and cases survey, installation method was organized and applicable range of efficiency and design from First-generation solar cells to the third-generation solar cell was classified. Frist, Crystalline Solar cell module of first-generation is appropriate for the wall type, roof, louver, shading and etc. It has superiority of technology and price stability and can be achieved by a variety of aesthetic effects. Second, Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell of Thin Film solar cell can express a variety of colors, adjust light transmittance and maximize the aesthetic splendor. It is appropriate for the wall type, window type, curtain wall type and etc. Also, see-through type solar cell can provide comforts cause of free flow of light. And it is advantageous from economic due to adjust the indoor temperature. It is appropriate for the atrium type, curtain wall type, window type and etc.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.88-98
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• 1990

The purpose of this study was twofold : first, to reduce as much as possible the shaking moments of the crank-type transplanting mechanism of walking-type rice transplanters, and second, to evaluate whether or not a crank-type transplanting mechanism, if its shaking moment is reduced, can be used in riding-type transplanters for high speed transplanting operations. For these purposes, kinematic and force analyses of the currently available crank-type transplanting mechanisms were made and their results were compared with those observed by experimentation. The degree of shaking moment effect was also estimated Various efforts to minimize the shaking moments led to the development of a crank-type mechanism with a balancing gear, in which an eccentric balancing gear is combined into the driven link axis. Analysis of the developed mechanism showed that about 20% of the shaking energy can be reduced and about 40% of reduction in peak shaking moment can be obtained when comparing with those obtained without the balancing gear. It was concluded that crank-type transplanting mechanisms can be used for high speed operations with a forward speed of 0.9-1.2m/s if the balancing gear is additionally mounted. However, further considerations must be made to solve the space constraints in relation to the structural frame of riding type of rice transplanters.

• 산업기술연구
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• 제30권A호
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• pp.111-117
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• 2010

To improve the performance of the prediction system, the system should reflect well the uncertainty of nonlinear data. Thus, this paper presents multiple prediction systems based on Type-2 fuzzy sets. To construct each prediction system, an Interval Type-2 TSK Fuzzy Logic System and difference data were used, because, in general, it has been known that the Type-2 Fuzzy Logic System can deal with the uncertainty of nonlinear data better than the Type-1 Fuzzy Logic System, and the difference data can provide more steady information than that of original data. Also, to improve each rule base of the fuzzy prediction systems, the HCBKA (Hierarchical Correlation Based K-means clustering Algorithm) was applied because it can consider correlationship and statistical characteristics between data at a time. Subsequently, to alleviate complexity of the proposed prediction system, a system selection method was used. Finally, this paper analyzed and compared the performances between the Type-1 prediction system and the Interval Type-2 prediction system using simulations of three typical time series examples.

• 한국항만학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.349-362
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• 1998

Seascape means the scenery which is composed around the sea., Seascape has it's own characteristics compared with landscape and has many important roles in our urban life. Nowadays seascape is being destructed by the development in waterfront area and ocean space. Especially the various kind of buildings which are built in coastal area give great visual impact on seascape. But we have rare research on seascape and no guideline for seascape planning. Before any action against destroying seascape the assessment of seascape has to be preceded. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the representative seascapes which are selected from over 300 slides of various seascapes according to the types of seascapes. We used S.D (Semantic Differential) method with 35 adjective pairs in seven scale to evaluate each seascape. The results can be summarized as follows. 1) Seascapes can be classified as natural type and urban type. The natural type can be divided into beach type and rock-island type. 2) Natural type of seascape is more prefered than urban type. 3)Beach type is the most prefered among seascape types. 4) Natural elements of seascape such as sky, water, sand, trees, forest, mountain, open space, waterfront line, are evaluated as 'good' to see but artificial elements, such as buildings, persons, roads, structures, are evaluated 'bad' to see. 5)As a result of factor analysis five factors(axes) are found out. They are 'wildness', 'vividness', 'preference', 'interest', and 'openness'. These factors can be used for evaluting any seascape.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제21권12호
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• pp.1111-1117
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• 2008

A transformer type superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL) is one of the fault current limiters which have been proposed to reduce the fault current in the transmission lines. This paper proposes the new circuit configuration of a transformer type SFCL and also investigates the operating characteristics of the transformer type SFCL containig the resistor in the tertiary winding. The proposed SFCL contains the resistor in the tertiary winding. The newly inserted resistor can divert the power which the High-Tc superconducting has to bear. Because the resistor in the tertiary winding relieves the power of the High-Tc superconducting, it is possible that the proposed transformer type SFCL can decrease the more larger fault current than the conventional SFCL with the same High-Tc superconducting. And the cost of the proposed transformer type SFCL can be reduced.

• 한국연소학회지
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.31-39
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• 1996

This study was carried out to delvelop the burner for condensing gas boiler which can save energy by utilizing latent heat of combustion gas. A perforated can-type burner adopting premixed flame was chosen to reduce NOx emission and to simplify the manufacturing process. Basic experiments using unit cell combustor have been conducted to obtain data about the design parameters of perforated burner surface which can make stable flame for a wide operating conditions. Can-type burners designed on the basis of above data shows that flames are stable and also CO and NOx emission are low for a wide operating range.