• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.47 no.5
• /
• pp.335-340
• /
• 2002

To evaluate the efficiency of anther floating culture according to the maturing group, the varietal difference and classification of fifty varieties was conducted in N6 liquid medium containing 1mg $l^{-1}$ NAA, 0.25 mg $l^{-1}$ kinetin. The efficiency of callus induction was widely ranged from 0 to 113.4%, but the mean callus induction was not significantly different among maturing groups. The efficiency of anther floating culture showed the highest variation in early-maturing group among three maturing groups. The varieties with the best callus induction were Sambaegbyeo and Jinbuolbyeo, while the recalcitrant variety was Obongbyeo in early-maturing group. The efficiency of plant regeneration showed the highest trends in late-maturing group among three maturing groups. The fifty varieties were classified into three groups (distance=0.78) by cluster analysis based on the callus formation and plant regeneration. Group including only two varieties, Shinunbongbyeo and Sambaegbyeo had the excellent androgenic efficiency, and the medium efficiency of Group was included thirty-six varieties. Whereas twelve varieties, including three Tongil varieties were fell into the bad efficiency of Group. Especially, Tongil varieties containing Japonica rice, Obongbyeo were the recalcitrant genotypes for the anther floating culture.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.29-33
• /
• 1995

This study was carried out to analyse saikosaponin contents in adventitious root formed from callus of Bupleurum falcatum L. The induction of adventitious root from callus of 4 weeks of culture was most favorable to MS medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/L 2,4-D. The adventitious root formation ratio per callus was highest when the size of callus was 900 to 1,000 $\mu$M The content of saikosaponin a and d was 2089$\pm$124 $\mu$g and 4778 $\pm$ 214 $\mu$g at 150 days of culture respectively on the basis of g dry root wt, whereas that of saikosaponin c was 3492 $\pm$ 123 $\mu$g at 60 days of culture.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
• /
• v.26 no.4
• /
• pp.419-425
• /
• 1995

Corydalis remota Fish. ex Max. (Papaveraceae) is a well known medicinal plant being used as analgesics or anticonvulsive in oriental medicine. As the alkaloid content is known to vary depending on the environmental factors, the technology of plant tissue culture can be adopted as source of Corydalis-alkaloids. The present study describes an establishment of tissue cultures of Corydalis which produce alkaloids consistently. Callus were induced from immature seeds of Corydalis remota by placing the seeds on MS static media containing NAA(0.25, 1.0 and 4.0 mg/l, respectively). The combined treatment of NAA(1.0 mg/l) with cytokinin(BAP 0.5 mg/l) improved the induction of callus. TLC scanning data followed by sequential extraction and purification revealed that the induced callus contains a significant amount of alkaloids. Cell suspension cultures were established by transferring the induced callus into the liquid media with the same condition of plant growth regulators as the callus culture.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
• /
• v.26 no.3
• /
• pp.157-161
• /
• 1999

This study was performed to enhance the proliferation rate of Gladiolus 'Topaz' callus. The callus was induced from the cermet tissue explants on MS solid medium with 10 mg/L 2,4-D. In the case of liquid shaking culture, proliferation of the callus was effective in MS medium with 0.05 mg/L 2,4-D at 2$0^{\circ}C$ under 16 hours daylength and in a 100 mL Erlenmeyer flask containing 20 mL of the liquid medium and at 75 rpm in rotation speed of the horizontal shaking culture. Furthermore the callus was also able to be subcultured in the same liquid medium.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.64-69
• /
• 1999

The effect of phytohormones, light and phosphate on in vitro production of ubiquinone 10 from the suspension cultures of Nicotiana tabacum cv. Xanthi callus was investigated. The inoculum size and cultured time in the suspension culture had to be at least over 2 % of medium volume at 15 days for the excellent growth of Xanthi callus. The growth of Xanthi callus in the suspension culture was improved by addition of NAA and 2,4-D, especially NAA 1.0mg/1 alone, at the light condition. The optimal concentration of phytohormone was 0.1 mg/l 2.4-D and 1.0 mg/l NAA for productivity of ubiquinone 10 in the suspenseion of Xanthi callus. Addition of 3mM KH$_2$PO$_4$ to the medium was more effective in promoting ubiquinone-l0 formation than other concentration in the light condition. Content and production of ubiquinone-l0 in the suspension cultures of Xanthi callus were the highest at the MS media containing 0.5mg/L kinetin, 0.5mg/L 2,4-D, 1.0mg/1 NAA, 3mM phosphate and 2 % inoculum in the light.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
• /
• v.12 no.4
• /
• pp.195-202
• /
• 1998

The development of a protocol for high efficiency of embryogenic callus separation, maintenance and plant regeneration from the seeds of zoysiagrass cv. Zenith was studied. Embryogenic callus ratio is absolutely determined by genotype, but by adding high concentration of copper into medium, changing light condition and maintaining callus on initial induction medium for 8∼10 weeks, embryogenic callus can be easily distinguished and its growth can be promoted. There were significant differences among selected callus lines (each from one seed) according to their growth rates and regeneration percentages. Callus pre-treatment with activated charcoal inhibited callus growth, increased the level of precocious germination during culture and promoted shoot cluster formation after transfer to regeneration medium. For long-term callus maintenance, N6AA medium was better than MS medium, because the former inhibited non-embryogenic callus formation and kept vigor of embryogenic callus. The best callus lines Z-(5) has been successfully used for transformation and somaclonal variation selection in our laboratory.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.30 no.3
• /
• pp.271-276
• /
• 1985

Effects of media and its components on callus induction and plant regeneration were studied to increase the cultural efficiency in rice anther culture. The N$_{6}$ basic medium gave better results in callus induction than those of MS or Miller. The medium used for callus induction affects the plant regeneration. The frequency of plant regeneration from callus grown on Miller basic medium was lower than those of N$_{6}$ or MS. Most of calli derived from anthers, above 90%, were induced from 20 days to 40 days after anther inoculation. The cultural efficiency of modified N$_{6}$ basic medium which was composed of 31.5mM KNO$_3$ and 1.75mM(NH$_4$)$_2$SO$_4$ as nitrogen sources was higher than those of N$_{6}$ basic medium. Combination of NAA and Kinetin showed better results than that of 2, 4-D only in cultural efficiency. Effect of DL-alanine on callus induction in Indica variety, IR40, showed better response in the anthers pretreated for 6 days at 12$^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
• /
• v.15 no.12
• /
• pp.1193-1197
• /
• 2006

This study was to examine the variations of chromosome number and the ranges of variety in the suspension culture of ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer) callus cell, and the effect of plant hormones for the chromosome aberration. Plant hormones added with MS medium in the suspension culture were 2,4-D, kinetin, and 2,4-D+kinetin and concentration of the plant hormones were $1000{\mu}M$ and $0.1\;{\mu}M$ respectively. As a result of these experiment the following conclusion has been obtained. Media contained with 2,4-D+kinetin in $10{\mu}M$ concentration was very effective in the suspension culture result from 26.4% mitosis frequency, and found the various variation of chromosome number. Variety of chromosome number was diversed ($9\sim110$), espicially frequency of hypohaploid and hyperhaploid cells were very higher than hyperdiploid cells. In this experiments, it is suggested that $10{\mu}M$ 2,4-D+kinetin added with medium in the suspension culture of ginseng callus was effect in the variations of chromosome number.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.1-6
• /
• 1994

Cotyledonary and hypocotyl explants of melon seedlings were cultured on Murashige and Skoog's (MS) medium supplemented with various concentrations of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and benzyladenine (B.A).Up to 22% of cotyledonary explants and 7%, of hypocotyl explants, respectively: Produced somatic embryos through intervening two types of calli: bright yellow compact (BYC) callus and pale-yellow compact (PYC) callus. BYC callus was capable of producing somatic embryos at initial culture, but it became necrotic as subrulhues proceeded. In contrast UC callus was incapable of producing somatic embryos during initial culture (first 6 weeks), but it became bright-yellow friable (BYF) callus with forming a few globular embryos after 2 months of subculture, indicating that the callus turned embryogenic. The embryogenic capacity of BYF maintained for over one year when the callus was sucultured at 4-week interval. Upon transfer onto MS basal medium the callus gave rise to numerous somatic embryos and subsequently converted to plantlets. Plantlets were transplanted to potting soil and grown to maturity in the phyotron.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.55-57
• /
• 1976

The callus formation of Glycyrrhiza glabra L. var. $glandulifera\;R_{EG}.\;et\;H_{ERD}$. in tissue culture was promoted on Murashige and Skoog's basal solution supplemented with 40g/l of sucrose, 1mg/l of kinetin and 5mg/l of 2, 4-D. The fresh and dry weights of callus and glycyrrhizin contents in callus of the Glycyrrhiza glabra L. var. $glandulifera\;R_{EG}.\;et\;H_{ERD}$. were determined monthly up to 12 months and obtained the results as follows: 1.The fresh weight of formed callus was increased rapidly from 2 to 4 months but growing rate of callus was slow from 4 to 6 months. This indicates that the cell division of callus was most active during the first $2{\sim}3$ months. 2. Glycyrrhizin contents in callus were also increased but the contents were not related to the increased weight of callus.