• Title/Summary/Keyword: Calculation methodology

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The Analysis of Differences by Improving GHG Emission Estimation Methodology for Agricultural Sector in Recent 5 Years (최근 5년간 농업부문 온실가스 산정방법 개선과 그에 따른 배출량 차이 분석)

  • Jeong, Hyun Cheol;Choi, Eun Jung;Lee, Jong Sik;Kim, Gun Yeob;Lee, Sun Il
    • Journal of Climate Change Research
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    • v.8 no.4
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    • pp.347-355
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    • 2017
  • Methane and nitrous oxide are main greenhouse gases from agricultural system and their global warming potential are 25 and 258 times stronger than that of $CO_2$, respectively. In 2016, the emission was $21,290Gg\;tone\;CO_2-eq$. which was emitted from agriculture sector and about 3.1% of total GHG emission of Korea. Those guidelines that were published by IPCC have methodology for GHGs emission calculation as well as emission factor and so on. For recent 5 years, GHGs emissions in Korea have calculated by MRV which has been improved every year based on IPCC guidelines. Analysis as estimating method improvement showed that the methane emissions from rice cultivation were the lowest on 2012 methodology, and the highest on 2014 methodology. On the other hand, the emissions of agricultural soils were the lowest on 2015 methodology and the highest on 2012 methodology. Total emissions from agriculture sector were the lowest on 2015 methodology and the highest on 2012 methodology. Compared with 2016 methodology, the GHGs emitted as few as $-1,865Gg\;tone\;CO_2-eq$ and as many as $2,717Gg\;tone\;CO_2-eq$. GHGs emissions can vary greatly, depending on how to use the emission factor and activity data. Therefore, it need constantly a detailed analysis for methodology and GHGs emission in the future.

Calculation of the Impact Force Applied on the Tooth of Upper and Lower Jaw-Bones in Masticating for the Design of a Dental Implant System. (MDO기법에 의한 임프란트설계에서 요구되는 저작시 상.하악골치아사이의 충격력 계산)

  • 권영주
    • Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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    • v.7 no.1
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    • pp.27-33
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    • 2002
  • MDO(Multidisciplinary Design Optimization) methodology is a new technology to solve a complicate design problem with a large number of design variables and constraints. The design of a dental implant system is a typical complicate problem, and so it requires the MDO methodology. Actually, several analyses such as rigid body dynamic analysis and structural stress analysis etc. should be carried out in the MDO methodology application to the design of a dental implant system. In this paper, as a first step of MDO methodology application to the design of a dental implant system, the impact force which is applied on the tooth in masticating is calculated through the rigid body dynamic analysis of upper and lower jaw-bones. This analysis is done using ADAMS. The impact force calculated through the rigid body dynamic analysis can be used for the structural stress analysis of a dental implant system which is needed for the design of a dental implant system. In addition, the rigid body dynamic analysis results also show that the impact time decreases as the impact force increases, the largest impact force occurs on the front tooth, and the impact force is almost normal to the tooth surface with a slight tangential force.

Experimental validation of a nuclear forensics methodology for source reactor-type discrimination of chemically separated plutonium

  • Osborn, Jeremy M.;Glennon, Kevin J.;Kitcher, Evans D.;Burns, Jonathan D.;Folden, Charles M. III;Chirayath, Sunil S.
    • Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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    • v.51 no.2
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    • pp.384-393
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    • 2019
  • An experimental validation of a nuclear forensics methodology for the source reactor-type discrimination of separated weapons-useable plutonium is presented. The methodology uses measured values of intra-element isotope ratios of plutonium and fission product contaminants. MCNP radiation transport codes were used for various reactor core modeling and fuel burnup simulations. A reactor-dependent library of intra-element isotope ratio values as a function of burnup and time since irradiation was created from the simulation results. The experimental validation of the methodology was achieved by performing two low-burnup experimental irradiations, resulting in distinct fuel samples containing sub-milligram quantities of weapons-useable plutonium. The irradiated samples were subjected to gamma and mass spectrometry to measure several intra-element isotope ratios. For each reactor in the library, a maximum likelihood calculation was utilized to compare the measured and simulated intra-element isotope ratio values, producing a likelihood value which is proportional to the probability of observing the measured ratio values, given a particular reactor in the library. The measured intra-element isotope ratio values of both irradiated samples and its comparison with the simulation predictions using maximum likelihood analyses are presented. The analyses validate the nuclear forensics methodology developed.

Development of a Novel Methodology for DC Railway Power Network Analysis Based on Participation Factor

  • Shin, Byoung-Yoon;Jang, Gilsoo;Shin, Seung-Kwon;Joo, Sung-Kwan;Lee, Hansang
    • Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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    • v.12 no.1
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    • pp.478-485
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    • 2017
  • Urban DC railways have played an important role in urban transportation, and railway operation and energy management have been emphasized to be important to achieve maximum efficiency from existing infrastructure. Fast, accurate DC railway power flow analysis is required to operate a DC railway efficiently, and this paper proposes a novel methodology to analyze the DC railway power network by implementing the participation factor (PF). The PF concept consists of a correlation between the vehicle and the substation, as explained using zones based on the position of the vehicles running on the route. Then, the DC railway powerflow is calculated using the PF concept. Finally, the usability of the proposed method was validated via case studies with actual railway operation data, and we discuss some of the advantages of the suggested methodology.

Single Phase Switched Reluctance Motor Optimum Design Using Response Surface Methodology and Finite Element Method (반응표면법과 유한요소법을 이용한 단상 스위치드 릴럭턴스 전동기의 최적 설계)

  • Lim, Seung-Bin;Choi, Jae-Hak;Park, Jae-Bum;Son, Yeoung-Gyu;Lee, Ju
    • The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers B
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    • v.55 no.12
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    • pp.596-607
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    • 2006
  • This paper presents Single Phase Switched Reluctance Motor (SPSRM) optimum design for vacuum cleaners using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) to determine geometric parameters, and the 2-D Finite Element Method (FEM) has been coupled with the circuit equations of the driving converter. Additionally, an optimum process for SPSRM has been proposed and peformed with geometric and electric parameters thereby influencing the inductance variation and effective torque generation as design variables. SPSRM performances have also been analyzed to determine an optimal design model for maximized efficiency at high power factor. In order to confirm the propriety of the Finite Element Method and motor performance calculation, simulation waveform and experiment waveform for motor voltage and current were compared.

The construction project's risk threshold calculation methodology applying a concept of VaR (VaR개념을 응용한 건설공사 위험허용도 산정방법)

  • Kim Seon-Gyoo;Kim Jae-Jun;Kim Kyung-Rai
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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    • autumn
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    • pp.65-72
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    • 2001
  • With the recent rising project complexities and competitive environments in the construction projects, a risk management is recognized as more important management tool than the others. However, as most risk management techniques applied to the construction projects are centered around their initial phases and risk analyses, they are not developed into general project management technique such as time management, cost management and quality management, etc., that are usually applied in the process of construction. Thus, this paper proposes a response process to construction project risks based on the risk threshold and its calculation methodology applying a concept of VaR to establish risk management as general management technique in the construction projects.

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