• 한국가금학회지
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.261-267
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• 2012

Different housing systems have considerable influence on performance in poultry production. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to investigate the impact of different housing systems on the performance, bone mineral density and egg yolk fatty acid composition in laying hen. Hy-line brown pullets (n=450) of 12 weeks age were randomly divided into 3 housing systems with 6 replicates of 25 birds in each room. A diet with 2,750 kcal/kg ME and 16.5% CP was assigned to all birds. The pullets provided free access to feed and water. Significantly (P<0.05) higher values for egg production, egg mass and feed conversion efficiency were found in battery cages, however egg weight, egg shell color and breaking strength was remarkably (P<0.05) higher in floor system. The albumin height and Haugh unit were significantly higher (P<0.05) in battery cages which was statistically similar to aviary housing system. The egg yolk fatty acids concentration of linoleic acid and linolenic acids were significantly higher in aviary and in floor system, respectively, however both values were lower in battery cages. Saturated and unsaturated fatty acid content (%) in egg yolk did not influence by any housing systems. Bone mineral density was significantly higher (P<0.05) in floor and aviary housing system than that of battery cage system. It was concluded that in battery cages the egg production and composition maximized, however higher bone mineral density and yolk fatty acids content can be improved in the laying hen reared on floor and aviary housing systems.

• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.329-335
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• 2006

기계구조물 설계시 파손이나 갑작스런 붕괴를 방지하기 위하여 응력집중을 실험적으로 측정해야 할 필요가 있다. 본 연구에서는 중앙에 원형구멍이 있는 외팔보 시편의 응력집중계수를 스트레인 게이지와 광탄성법으로 측정하였다. 스트레인 게이지법에서는 구멍 주위에 3개의 스트레인 게이지를 부착하여 측정된 값으로부터 외삽법을 사용하여 구멍에 인접한 지점에서 최대 변형률을 추정하였다. 광탄성법에서는 두 가지 측정법, 즉 배비넷-솔레일 보상법과 위상이동법을 이용하여 응력분포를 측정하였다. 스트레인 게이지와 광탄성법에 의한 측정값들을 서로 실험오차 이내로 근접하였다.

• 생태와환경
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.560-568
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• 2007

The objectives of this study were to analyze ecological effects on effluents from the Sagok Stream (Chonnam province) as an abandoned mine drainage through necropsy-based health assessments and fish exposure tests, and to conduct In situ field pilot tests for restoration of stream water. Also, we analyzed water quality including general parameters and heavy metals. The tests were performed three times on April 2005, April 2006, and April 2007. Also, we constructed a reactor facility in the outflowing point of the abandoned mine for the remediation of AMD wastewater. In lab test, death rates in all three treatments were ${\geq}50%$ in the experiments. Necropsybased fish tissue assessments using the Health Assessment Index (HAI), indicated that the most frequently damaged tissue was liver (average: 20.8). Values of Health Assessment Index were lower in the control than any other treatments of T1, T2, and T3 and three treatments showed a distinct toxicity impacts by the AMD. In situ lethal test, concentration of Fe, Al and Zn decreased particularly by 85%, 99% and 94%, respectively through the disposal facility. Values of pH, ranged from 3.1 to 7.0, increased by 2.3 fold (mean=5.1) along with the reduction of metal contents. All fishes in P1 cage died 100% on 3 days later after the experimental setting, while all fishes in the P6 died 100% on 9 days later. Overall, these results evidently provide a key methodology for pilot test using the disposal facility and also clarify the toxicity of AMD once again, so this approach used in the pilot facilities here may reduce the acidic and toxic effects in the abandoned mining drainage.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.379-385
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• 1995

Ninety Wistar male rats were used to study the effects of vitamin E and Se supplementation to diets containing aflatoxin $B_1$ on the contents of liver lipids and various blood parameters. Two levels of dietary aflatoxin (0 and 1 ppm), 3 levels of vitamin E (30, 60 and 120 IU/kg), and 3 levels of Se (0.1, 1 and 2 ppm) were used to design a $2{\times}3{\times}3$ factorial experiment. Rats, weighing about 200 g, were randomly allotted to 18 cages, 5 rats per cage. The aflatoxin significantly (p < .05) decreased growth rate, feed intake and feed efficiency. Aflatoxin increased the glucose level and decreased the cholesterol level in blood significantly. Levels of blood triglyceride, total protein, and albumin were not affected by aflatoxin, vitamin E or Se. Activities of blood alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were significantly increased by aflatoxin; however, the glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in the blood was decreased by aflatoxin even in the presence of Se. The vitamin E supplementation decreased the AST activity significantly, while GSH-Px activity increased significantly as the levels of dietary Se increased. The levels of total cholesterol and free cholesterol in the liver were significantly lower in rats receiving aflatoxin, while the extra vitamin E supplementation increased these hepatic cholesterol levels. It was concluded that the extra dietary vitamin E or Se supplementation might partially alleviate some of the harmful effects of aflatoxin in rats.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.427-431
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• 1995

This study was carried out to investigatigate feed cost of com-manure silage and growth performance of Korean native goats which was fed com-manure silage. The average weight about 11.6 kg of twenty one Korean native male goats (4 months used to determine the effect of the feeding trial. The goats were individually reared in metabolism cages and fed diet daily of 2% of the body weight on the dry matter basis. The treatments were divided into whole crop com silage(CS silage), whole crop com ensiled with cage layer manure (CLM; Com-manure silage or MS silage) and whole crop com silage supplemented with urea at feeding time (US silage). The content of crude protein, lactic acid and the ratio of ammonia nitrogen to total nitrogen ($NH_3-N/Total$ N) in MS silage were increased from 7.7 to 14.9%, 5.7 to 7.5% and 8.2 to 16.6%, and the differences were significantly (p < 0.05) different in all observations. Total body weight gain of those goats for 90 days was 6.0 kg (66.7 g/day; MS silage 4.3 kg (47.8 g/day; US silage) and 3.9 kg (43.4 g/day; CS silage), and feed conversion of MS silage (5.98) for 90 days was increased by far the best in the other groups and decreased about 30% in proportion to CS silage. Feed cost per 1 kg MS silage (1,606 won) was the lowest (p < 0.05) in the body weight gain and cut down expenses than fed CS silage by 37% of feed cost.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.203-211
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• 2015

신약개발이나 동물연구 등에서 연구대상 동물이 케이지(cage) 안에서 자유롭게 움직이고 있는 상태에서 무선으로 다량의 데이터를 수집하는 장치는 실험동물 신체 내부에 배터리로 구동되는 소형발신기를 내장시켜 혈압, 온도, 심박수, Electrocardiogram(ECG), Electroencephalography(EEG) 등의 정보를 근접통신을 통해 근처의 수신기로 전달하게 된다. 이러한 장비는 한정된 내부의 배터리를 이용하기 때문에 측정시간의 한계가 있으며, 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해서 전자기유도방식의 단점인 발신부와 수신부사이의 거리가 멀어질 때 발생하는 효율저하문제를 극복하기 위하여 다중코일 구조를 이용한 무선전력전송 구동 드라이버를 제안하였으며, 다중코일 중 수신부가 놓인 코일을 선택하기 위한 수신부 감지 장치도 제시되었다. 또한 실험을 통하여 제안된 구동드라이버 및 수신부 감지 회로의 구동 조건 선정 과정을 제시하였다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.244-253
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• 2017

This study was conducted to investigate the growth performance indices among male commercial crossbred Korean native chickens from hatch to twelve weeks of age. A total of 312 one-day-old male birds were used for 6 groups of the commercial crossbred Korean native chicken within 1 paternal line and 6 maternal lines (1A, 2A, 3A, 4A, 5A, and 6A). The chickens were allocated to 24 battery cages to give 4 replicates per each crossbreed with 13 chickens per cage. Ad-libitum feeding was practiced throughout the experimental period and fresh water was available via nipple drinkers at all times. Body weight and feed intake were measured at two-week interval. Among six crossbreeds, the 2A group had the greatest (p < 0.05) body weight at week 8 and the greatest average daily weight gain in week 6 - 8. However, crossbreed 2A had the lowest viability (p < 0.05) at week 8 of all crossbreed groups as well as higher uniformity (p > 0.05) at week 2 than the others. No difference (p < 0.05) was found in any crossbreed Korean native chicken's growth performance indices including body weight, average daily gain, average daily feed intake, feed efficiency, uniformity, and viability after week 8. With this in mind, crossbreed 2A had greater bodyweight, average daily gain, average feed intake, and feed efficiency than the other Korean native chickens 84 days after hatch, although they had lower uniformity and viability than the others.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.13-20
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• 1997

This study was designed to determine the effects of protein sources on the curation of gastric ulceration, protein metabolism, and nitrogen balance in rats with gastric ulcer induce by restraint and water immersion stress. After the rats were fed 10% casein diet for 3 weeks, four groups of the rats were forced in 5$\times$5$\times$15cm plexiglass cage. The restraint and water immersion stress was carried at 20$\pm$2$^{\circ}C$ for 8-hour. The other one group(control group) was not exposed to stress. After stress 4 kinds of different diets containing 20% protein were given for 5 days. The protein sources were casein, whey protein, soy protein, gluten. The control group was fed to 10% casein diet. The results were as follows ; the weights of rats were not different among the diet groups During the experiment period follows ; the weights of rats were not different among the diet groups during the experiment period (for 5 days). The ulcer index of rats fed 10% gluten and soy protein diet was significantly higher than those of casein and whey protein diet groups(p<0.05). The level of serum albumin was not significantly different among diet groups. But hematocrit and the level of $\alpha$-amino-N, BU and UUN of plant protein diet groups were higher than animal diet groups, the urinary hydroxyproline of soy protein group was the highest and the whey protein was the lowest. The digestibility and BV of nitrogen of gluten diet group were significantly higher than those of casein and whey protein diet groups(p<0.05). The animal proteins had more curative effects of ulcer than plant animals. The results of this study provide useful information concerning diet therapy for the patients with gastrointestinal diseases and the field of enteral diet materials.

• 플랜트 저널
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.66-72
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• 2008

The vibration of steam turbine is caused by Mass unbalance, Shaft misalignment, Oil whip and rubbing etc. But in turbine which is normally operated and maintained, the Mass unbalance component possesses the greatest portion. Our power plant has two steam turbines in capacity of 200 MW and 135 MW respectively and each turbine is supported by 6 journal bearings. However, we had many difficulties because the vibration amplitude of #3 and #4 Bearings was high during the start-up and operation mode change of steam turbine. But, with this study, we completely solved the vibration problem caused by the mass unbalance of #1 steam turbine. Until a recent date, #3 and #4 bearings which support high pressure turbine for #1 steam turbine had shown about $135{\mu}m$ in vibration amplitude (sometimes it increased to $221{\mu}m$ maximum. alarm: 6 mils, trip: 9 mils) at base load. After applying the study, they decreased to about $45{\mu}m$ maximum. It is a result from that we did not change the setting value of bearing alignment and only changed the assembly position of internal parts in Synchro clutch coupling rachet wheel which links between high pressure turbine and low pressure turbine, and increased the internal gap and machining of the Pawl cage surface. In the operation of steam turbine, if the vibration value increases by 1X, we should reduce the vibration of bearing by weight balancing. However, unless the vibration of bearing is declined by the balancing, we will have to disassemble and check the component and find the cause. In this study, we researched the way to lower mass unbalance that is 1X vibration component which has the greatest portion of vibration generated by steam turbine and we got good result by applying the findings of this study.

• 생약학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.113-122
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• 1986

In order to investigate the pharmacological activities of the combined preparation of crude drugs, Chunghyulgangki-Tang was studied. Chunghyulgangki-Tang has been widely used to cerebral apoploxy, hypertension and arteriosclerosis, etc. In this study, water extract of Chunghyulgangki-Tang was conducted in attempt to investigate for analgesic, sedative, antipyretic, isolated ileum and heart, blood vessels and blood pressure action in mice, frogs, rats, guinea-pigs and rabbits. The following results were obtained; Analgesic action by the acetic acid stimulating method in mice was recognized. Sedative activities by the wheel cage method and rotor rod method in mice were shown. Prolonged action against the hypnotic duration induced by thiopental-Na was significantly noted in mice. The effect of antipyretic in endotoxin febrile rats was significantly recognized. Spontaneous motility of the isolated ilem of mice was suppressed and contractions of the isolated ileum of mice and guinea-pigs induced by acetylcholine chloride, barium chloride and histamine were remarkably inhibited. Acceleration of isolated heart motility was shown in frogs. Vaso-dilating and hypotensive actions were recognized in rabbits. According to the above results, effects based on the oriental medicinal references were approximate to the actural experimental results.