• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2006년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.894-901
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• 2006

In general, the tension fores of hanger cable in suspension bridges play an important role in evaluating the bridge state. The vibration method, as a conventional one, has been widely applied to estimate the tension fores by using the measured frequencies on hanger cables. However, the vibration method is not applicable to short hanger cables because the frequency of short cables is severely sensitive to the flexural rigidity. Thus, in this study, the tension forces of short hanger cables, of which the length is shorter than 10meters, were estimated through back analysis of the cable frequencies measured from Gwang-An suspension bridge in Korea. Direct approach to rock analysis is adopted using the univariate method among the direct search methods as an optimization technique. The univariate method is able to search the optimal tension forces without regard to the initial ones and has a rapid convergence rate. To verify the feasibility of back analysis, the results from back analysis and vibration method are compared with the design tension forces. From the comparison, it can be inferred that back analysis results are more reasonable agreement with the design tension forces of short hanger cable. Therefore, it is concluded that back analysis applied in this study is an appropriate tool for estimating tension forces of short hanger cables.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제32권1A호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2012

최근 해안, 도서, 산간지방 등의 개발로 장대교량의 수요가 증가되고 재료 및 설계 시공기술의 지속적 발전으로 인하여 현수교나 사장교 등 장지간을 가지는 교량의 건설이 증가하고 있다. 장대교량은 사장재 또는 주 케이블 및 행어로 주형을 지지하는 고차 부정정구조물로 다양한 형태의 설계가 가능하고 구조물의 외관이 뛰어나기 때문에 현재 많은 교량에 적용되고 있다. 케이블지지교량은 시공 중 그리고 공용상태에서 케이블의 장력을 지속적으로 측정함으로써 교량의 건전성을 파악할 수 있다. 케이블의 장력을 추정하는 기법으로 로드셀 및 유압잭 등을 이용하여 케이블의 응력을 직접 측정하는 방법과 케이블의 형상조건과 계측된 동적 특성을 활용하여 장력을 구하는 진동법이 많이 활용되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 디지털 영상처리를 이용한 행어케이블의 동특성 추정 방법을 제시하였으며 사용의 편의성과 경제성을 고려하여 원거리에 있는 행어케이블을 측정하기 위한 센서로 휴대용 디지털 캠코더를 사용하였다. 디지털 영상처리를 이용하는 방법은 digital image correlation(DIC) 기법을 사용하였으며 변형이 없는 이미지와 변형이 있는 이미지 사이의 기하학적인 왜곡을 보정하는 이미지 변환함수(ITF)를 사용하여 단위픽셀이하를 계산하였다. 또한 영상계측시스템의 흔들림을 추가적인 센서의 설치 없이 한 영상내의 고정된 물체를 이용하여 보정함으로써 행어케이블의 동적응답 및 모드별 고유진동수의 해상도를 향상시켰다.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.627-643
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• 2015

Negative stiffness, previously emulated by active or semi-active control for cable vibration mitigation, is realized passively using a self-contained highly compressed spring, the negative stiffness device (NSD).The NSD installed in parallel with a viscous damper (VD) in the vicinity of cable anchorage, enables increment of damper deformation during cable vibrations and hence increases the attainable cable damping. Considering the small cable displacement at the damper location, even with the weakening device, the force provided by the NSD-VD assembly is approximately linear. Complex frequency analysis has thus been conducted to evaluate the damping effect of the assembly on the cable; the displacement-dependent negative stiffness is further accounted by numerical analysis, validating the accuracy of the linear approximation for practical ranges of cable and NSD configurations. The NSD is confirmed to be a practical and cost-effective solution to improve the modal damping of a cable provided by an external damper, especially for super-long cables where the damper location is particularly limited. Moreover, mathematically, a linear negative stiffness and viscous damping assembly has proven capability to represent active or semi-active control for simplified cable vibration analysis as reported in the literature, while in these studies only the assembly located near cable anchorage has been addressed. It is of considerable interest to understand the general characteristics of a cable with the assembly relieving the location restriction, since it is quite practical to have an active controller installed at arbitrary location along the cable span such as by hanging an active tuned mass damper. In this paper the cable frequency variations and damping evolutions with respect to the arbitrary assembly location are then evaluated and compared to those of a taut cable with a viscous damper at arbitrary location, and novel frequency shifts are observed. The characterized complex frequencies presented in this paper can be used for preliminary damping effect evaluation of an adaptive passive or semi-active or active device for cable vibration control.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제31권5A호
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• pp.361-367
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• 2011

케이블구조의 기하학적 비선형해석을 위한 탄성포물선 케이블요소를 제시한다. 이를 위하여 먼저 탄성현수선 케이블요소에 대한 적합조건과 접선강도행렬 유도과정을 간략히 요약한다. 이를 토대로 장력이 충분히 도입되어 자중에 의한 처짐 형상이 포물선에 가깝다는 가정 하에서 무응력길이를 포함하는 탄성포물선 케이블요소의 비선형 힘-변형관계식과 접선강도행렬을 유도한다. 또한 현(chord) 방향으로 두 케이블요소의 등가 공칭장력식을 정의한다. 탄성포물선 케이블요소의 수치적인 정확성을 확인하기 위하여, 경사진 케이블을 한 개의 탄성현수선과 탄성포물선 케이블요소로 각각 모델링하여 매개변수 해석을 수행하고 비교, 분석한 결과를 제시한다. 제시된 탄성포물선요소는 충분한 정확도를 가지고 케이블지지 구조물의 초기치해석 및 기하비선형해석에 효과적으로 적용할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국공간구조학회논문집
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.47-58
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• 2016

Cable network system is a flexible lightweight structure which curved cables can transmit only tensile forces. The weight of cable roof dramatically can reduce when the length becomes large. The cable network system is too flexible, most cable systems are stabilized by pretension forces. The tensile force of cable system is greatly influenced by the sag ratio and pretension forces. Determining initial sag ratio of cable roof system is essential in a design process of cable structures. Final sag ratio and pretension depends on initial installed sag and on proper handling during installation. The design shape of cable system has an affect on the sag and pretension, and must be determined using well-defined design philosophy. This paper is carried out the comparative data of the deflection and tensile forces on the geometric non-linear analysis of cable network systems according to sag ratio. The study of cable network system is provided to technical informations for the design of a large span cable roof, analytical results are compared with the results of other researchers. Structural nonlinear analysis of systems having cable elements is relatively complex than other rigid structural systems because displacements are large as a reason of flexibility, initial prestress is applied to cables in order to increase the rigidity, and then divergence of nonlinear analysis occurs rather frequently. Therefore, cable network systems do not exhibit a typical nonlinear behavior, iterative method that can handle geometric nonlinearities are necessary.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2009년도 춘계 학술대회 제21권1호
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• pp.77-78
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 대공간 건축구조물로서 2002년 건축된 6개의 월드컵경기장을 대상으로 케이블을 모델링하고 실험을 통하여 기존 제안 이론식들의 적용성 여부를 검증하였다. 실험결과, 휨강성의 크기에 따라 약 10${\sim}$60% 이상의 오차로 장력의 추정이 가능한 것으로 나타났다. 단, 도입장력의 크기에 따라 장력추정 결과의 신뢰도가 달라질 수도 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국공간구조학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국공간구조학회 2005년도 춘계학술발표회 및 정기총회 2권1호(통권2호)
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• pp.108-115
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• 2005

Maintenance and reinforcement are very important especially in the case of the hybrid structures. In this paper, we introduce the maintenance and reinforcement design method of cable dome structures. In the case of the Olympic fencing stadium structural system has the stiffness in dependence of the initial tension force. Therefore, the verification of this phenomenon is very important. The result shows that the final tension force which is measured is almost reached to the calculated aim tension force after the maintenance ana reinforcement works is confirmed.

• 한국공간구조학회논문집
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.69-76
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• 2002

The basic systems of spatial structures such as shells, membranes, cable-nets and tensegrity structures have been developed to create the large spaces without column. But there are some difficulties concerning structural stability, surface formation and construction method. Tensegrity systems are flexible structures which are reticulated spatial structures composed of compressive members and cables. The rigidification of tensegrity systems is related to selfstress states which can be achieved only when geometrical and mechanical requirements are simultaneously satisfied. In this paper, the force density method allowing form-finding for tensegrity systems is presented. And various modules of unit-structures are investigated and discussed using the force density method. Also, a model of double-layered single curvature arch with quadruplex using supplementary cable is presented.

• 대한조선학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.11-16
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• 1990

거친 해상에서 케이블이 형성된 수 있는 큰 동장력(large dynamic tensile forces)과 기하학적 비선형성(geometric nonlinearity)의 고려는 비선형 케이블 운동방정식(nonlinear cable dynamics)의 해에 상당한 영향을 끼치며 이 결과의 응용은 케이블의 극단장력(extreme tensions)과 slack-and-snapping 케이블의 연구에서 필수적인 부분이 될 것이다. 비선형 유체항력만을 포함한 경우와 기하학적 비선형성과 큰 동장력항을 함께 포함하는 경우의 케이블 운동방정식의 해를 비교하여, 케이블의 동적 거동에 대한 기하학적 비선형과 큰 동장력항의 복합적인 영향을 연구한다. 큰 동장력항과 기하학적 비선형성의 고려는, 최대 동장력의 증가를 가져오나 반면에 최소 동장력의 크기에서의 감소를 가져옴으로, 결국 동장력의 평균값의 상승과 그로인한 케이블의 피로수명 단축을 유발할 수 있다.

• 한국지진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지진공학회 2000년도 추계 학술발표회 논문집 Proceedings of EESK Conference-Fall 2000
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• pp.490-495
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• 2000

This paper presents the dynamic behavior of stay cable with Lead-Shear damper( LSD) near the support. This kind of research about the dynamic behavior of LSD is essential to design LSD in order to mitigate the ambient vibration of stay cable. The hysteresis curve of LSD was assumed to be perfect elasto-plastic behavior based on the real hysteretic behavior of such lead-based dampers. Mechanical model of LSD was equivalent Kelvin model and sag effect of stay cable was considered. Yielding force (also referred as size) of LSD was selected as a design parameter. Effects of tension of stay cable and installation point of LSD were studied. It was found that optimal size of LSD exists for each case of stay cable.