• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.26 no.10
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• pp.1388-1398
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• 2013

The present study investigated the contribution of carcass traits on carcass prices of Holstein steers in Korea. Phenotypic data consisted of 76,814 slaughtered Holsteins (1 to 6 yrs) from all over Korea. The means for live body weight at slaughter (BWT), chilled carcass weight (CWT), dressing percentage (DP), quantity grade index (QGI), eye muscle area (EMA), backfat thickness (BF) and marbling score (MS), carcass unit price (CUP), and carcass sell prices (CSP) were 729.0 kg, 414.2 kg, 56.79%, 64.42, $75.26cm^2$, 5.77 mm, 1.98, 8,952.80 Korean won/kg and 3,722.80 Thousand Korean won/head. Least squares means were significantly different by various age groups, season of slaughter, marbling scores and yield grades. Pearson's correlation coefficients of CUP with carcass traits ranged from 0.12 to 0.62. Besides, the relationships of carcass traits with CSP were relatively stronger than those with CUP. The multiple regression models for CUP and CSP with carcass traits accounted 39 to 63% of the total variation, respectively. Marbling score had maximum economic effects (partial coefficients) on both prices. In addition, the highest standardized partial coefficients (relative economic weights) for CUP and CSP were calculated to be on MS and CWT by 0.608 and 0.520, respectively. Path analyses showed that MS (0.376) and CWT (0.336) had maximum total effects on CUP and CSP, respectively; whereas BF contributed negatively. Further sub-group (age and season of slaughter) analyses also confirmed the overall outcomes. However, the relative economic weights and total path contributions also varied among the animal sub-groups. This study suggested the significant influences of carcass traits on carcass prices; especially MS and CWT were found to govern the carcass prices of Holstein steers in Korea.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2021.06a
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• pp.389-389
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• 2021

불투수면의 증가는 유량변화 및 지하수위와 기저유출의 감소로 이어질 수 있으며 기저유량의 감소는 건기 시 하천의 유량공급까지 영향을 줄 수 있다. 이런 이유로 기저유량에 대한 정확한 분석 및 검증은 반드시 필요하지만 지표수-지하수를 고려한 통합적 해석의 어려움과 기저유출 분석에 대한 불확실성 및 기술적 한계로 분석이 어려운 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 SWAT 해석을 통해 획득한 모의유량과 관측유량을 비교하여 R²값을 계산하였으며 SWAT-CUP을 이용하여 검보정을 실시한 후 기저유출량을 정량적으로 산정하고 비교하였다. 연구지역 모의기간은 실측 유량자료가 있는 4개년을 대상으로 모의 하였으며 SWAT-CUP을 이용한 검보정 시 모의 횟수는 연구자에 따라 다양한 기준을 제시하고 있지만 모의 시간 대비 최대 효율인 1,000회 수행하였다. 또한 관측유량에 대하여 SPE(Swat Parameter Estimator) 알고리즘으로 모의유량을 최적화하였다. 실측유량과 모의유량을 비교한 결과 SWAT 분석에 의한 R²값보다 SWAT-CUP을 이용하여 검보정을 수행한 R²값이 높게 나타나 검보정 효과를 확인하였다. 또한 검보정 전후에 대한 기저유량을 비교하기 위하여 SWAT Output Data를 이용하여 유역에 대한 지표수유출, 중간유출, 지하수유출 등을 추출하였다. 추출한 단위면적당 데이터를 단위환산을 통해 유출량으로 산정하였으며 검보전 전과 데이터를 비교하였다. 지표수-지하수를 고려한 통합적 해석의 어려움과 실측치의 부족, 분석에 대한 불확실성 등으로 기저유량에 대한 해석은 어렵지만 SWAT-CUP을 이용하여 검보정 및 불확실성 개선이 수행되면 좀더 정확한 유량을 계산할 수 있으며 이는 향후 연구지역 지표수-지하수 연계해석을 위한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.52 no.8
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• pp.15-27
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• 2002

To set the measurements of bras for women in their 20s, considering the comfortableness in wearing and tightness, this paper conducted a questionnaire survey concerning breasts and bras as well as measurements of body and contact surface pressure. Easier and more accurate method of determining cup sizes based on the breast circumference is recommended to make up for the problem of current bra size system that can falsely measure cup sizes. Lower chest circumference was set at 5 cm equal intervals, and the breast circumference applicable to the cup size was set starting from the standard, 18 cm (A-cup), at 2 cm equal intervals, which gave the best coverage (88.1%).

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.11 no.9
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• pp.993-999
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• 2002

Waste paper cup was sulfonated to be used as ion exchanger. Removal characteristic of copper and lead ion by prepared ion exchanger was investigated. The sulfonation was conformed by the high intensity band of $SO_3H$ group around 1100~$1160cm^{-1}$. The synthesized ion exchanger had greater removal ability for copper and lead ion than the original waste paper cup. Ion exchange system reached the final equilibrium plateau within 30min. The maximum removal capacities $q_{max}$ were calculated as 9.79mg/g fur copper and 15.95mg/g for lead, respectively. The affinity of lead based on a weight was higher than that of copper. The ion exchange phenomena appeared to follow a typical Freundlich isotherm.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.117-132
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• 2002

The world's greatest single event the 2002 World Cup, will be co-hosted by Korea and Japan. This will be the first time an interactional mesa-event is held in two countries simultaneously. Pertaining to every aspect, competition between the Korean foodservice industries will intensify in the near future. Generally, a sporting event contributes positively to n hosting county as well. For this reason we cannot expect the 2002 World Cup to be a complete success. A wrongly planned event could be a burden to our countries economy and create various negative effects. This study was prepared predominantly using field research methods including the collection of data through questionnaires. This study is based on a sample of 212 who have visiting Korean Restaurant near World Cup Stadium. These questionnaires were distributed by 5 students. This research us conducted from April 1 to 20, 2002 at Suwon.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.15-22
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• 2001

The sensitivity method has been utilized to find initial blank shapes which transform into desired shapes after forming. From the information of die shapes, target shape and material properties, the corresponding initial blank which gives final shape after deformation has been found. Drawings of a trapezoidal cup, a cross-shaped cup and an oil pan have been chosen as the examples. At every case the optimal blank shape has been obtained only a few times of modification without any predetermined deformation path. With the predicted optimal blank, both computer simulation and experiment are performed. Excellent agreements are recognized between simulation and experiment at every cases Through the investigation, the sensitivity method is found to be effective in obtaining optimal blank shapes in drawing of complex shapes.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.109-119
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to dvelop the basic pattern of wome which are fitting for 75A. The collected data were statistcally processed usig the SPSS 10.0 for Mans Standard Deiation, Cronbach's $\alpha$, etc. This study suggested a size chart for body measurement for constructing basic brssiere patterns with size of 75A. The construction of this experimental brassiere were lower cup, upper cup, front panel and wing and characterized by a round cup wired as well as a full cup embrcing the entire breasts. The drafting method for constructing basic brassiere patterns for 75A was completed by selecting a total of 11subjects, and two wearing tests were carried out with the subjects. the dimensions and shapes of the basic brassiere pattern suggested in this research proved to be fitting and to have a wearing effect that brings together and supports the breasts.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.34-40
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• 2001

Fire extinguishing efficiency of mixed gaseous agents were investigated by the cup-burner test and predicting by the model of flame extinguishing concentration. The binary mixed agents that tested were carbon dioxide/HFC-23, carbon dioxide/HCFC-22, carbon dioxide/HFC-227ea, carbon dioxide/HFC-125, carbon dioxide/FIC-13I1, Hexafluoropropylene/HFC-23 and ternary mixed agents were carbon dioxide/HFC-23/HFC-l34a, carbon dioxide/HFC-23/HFC-227ea, carbon dioxide/HFC-23/HFC-125. A model which contains the flame extinguishing concentration and composition of pure components predicted the flame extinguishing concentration of mixture well. This model was superior when each component of the mixture exhibit physical fire extinguishing performance.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.299-311
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• 2014

Objective: The aim of this study was to develop a method for measuring breast size from three-dimensional (3D) body scan image data. Background: Previous bra studies established reference points by directly contacting the subject's naked skin to determine the boundary of the breast. But some subjects were uncomfortable with these types of measurements. This study examined noncontact methods of extracting breast reference points from 3D body scan data that were collected while subjects were wearing standardized soft bras. Method: 3D body scan data of 32 Korean women were analyzed. The subjects were selected from the Size Korea 2010 study. The breast landmarks were identified by graphic analyses of slicing contour lines on 3D body scan data. Results: Three methods determining bra cup size were compared. The M1 and M2 methods determined cup size by calculating the difference between bust girth and under-bust girth. The M3 method determined bra cup size by measuring breast arc length. Conclusion: The researchers proposed an anthropometric bra cup sizing system with the breast arc length (M3 method). It was measured from the geometrically defined landmarks on the 3D body scan slicing contour lines. The new bra cup size was highly correlated with breast depth. Application: The noncontact measuring method used in this study can be applied to the ergonomic studies measuring sensitive body parts.

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.159-164
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• 2002

The distance between teats of each head on twenty heads of holstein was measured in Nation Livestock Research Institute of Rural Development Administration to find design variables on the teat-cup attachment system of the auto-milking system before milking. The distance between teats was tested by the steps for milk producing in the morning and evening. The results from this study is summarized as follow. 1 The maximum and minimum length between front teats were 297mm and 112mm respectively, the maximum and minimum length between rear teats were 231mm and 36mm and the maximum and minimum length between left front and left rear were 220 and 84mm. And the maximum length of right front and right rear were 205mm and 90mm. A relative position of the each teats was asymmetric. 2. The size of teats, the length between front teats, and the length between rear teats by lactating period were very much changed for its milking. 3. The design variables on the teat-cup attachment system was found by the length between each teats tested. Since the position of teat-cup is changed by milking environment for a cow to milk, the design variables should be considered to be asymmetric area between four teat of COW.