• Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.1-11
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• 2013

In this paper, we represented the HTML5 webpage in 3D space for the 3D stereoscopic display by using CSS3 stylesheet; browser-based declarative contents, and proposed CSS Stereo 3DTV Profile. First, we suggested various webpage separation methods for reconstructing webpages in the 3D space effectively. Next, we suggested 3D view volume setting method by using extended CSS3 modules. And then, pre-processor converts sample contents which is written extended CSS stylesheet into the present CSS stylesheet for displaying in the webkit based browser. For the resulting stereoscopic images, we developed a rendering engine emulator which is implemented in JavaScript for simple display in the web browser, which produced dual images from virtual left and right-eyed cameras. And we have checked the sample contents displayed on the 3DTV.

• KIISE Transactions on Computing Practices
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• v.22 no.10
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• pp.537-545
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• 2016

Demand for text arranged in a circular shape is increasing as devices with round display such as smart watches are now being actively released. Data visualization field is receiving a lot of attention as the era of big data evolves. However, current web standard does not support the drawing of circular text. Therefore, the objective of this study was to extend CSS3 specifications to have circular text layout in web documents. In addition, we implemented a preprocessor so that contents made with CSS3 extensions could be shown in existing browsers. To confirm the wide expression range of CSS3 extension, we prepared some sample contents and analyzed them.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.35 no.5A
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• pp.440-446
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• 2010

Convergence of IT and BT is considered in many area, especially in medical care industry. The example of this trend is a capsule endoscope. But in a capsule endoscope, communication through human body has a few restrictions. At first, the transmit power should be limited not to have a bad effect on human organs and for the battery capacity. Second, the channel characteristic of human body has not been examined exactly. Third, general modulation / demodulation techniques which require a channel estimation cannot be used because of battery limit. There also may be a lot of interference signals because a capsule endoscope uses UWB bandwidth. In this paper, we introduce Chirp Spread Spectrum Differential Binary Phase Shift Keying(CSS-DBPSK) and propose Chirp Spread Spectrum On-Off Keying(CSS-OOK) which don't require a channel estimation and robust to interference signals. Using CSS-DBPSK or CSS-OOK, we can get 5 dB or 2~3 dB of Eb/N0 gain at 10-5 target BER. And if there are interference signals, those gains of CSS-DBPSK and CSS-OOK are increased.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.205-208
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• 2002

The use of chopped sugarcane stalk (CSS) as a roughage for lactating cows was examined using four Holstein crossbred cows in a private dairy farm in Khon Kaen, Thailand, in comparison with rice straw (RS), which is the conventional roughage in the dry season in the region. Cows were subjected to the following two dietary treatments: Diet 1) RS with commercial concentrate feed, and Diet 2) CSS and RS with commercial concentrate feed. The diet was switched over every 3 weeks. The amount of concentrate was determined by the experience of the owner of the cows. RS and CSS were given ad libitum. There was no difference in milk production between two groups, although the total DMI was less in cows fed CSS. Solid-not-fat (SNF) content in milk was significantly higher in the cows given CSS. The NEFA content was significantly lower in the animals given CSS, which suggested that cows given only RS as roughage would be suffering from energy malnutrition. Therefore, it was considered that CSS feeding improved energy supply, which resulted in higher SNF in milk. In the nutritional point of view, the present study clearly showed CSS can be used as a roughage for dairy cows in the dry season.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.55-60
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• 2002

A metabolism trial with four castrated male Brahman cattle, average body weight 320 kg, was conducted in order to determine the nutritive value of chopped sugarcane stalk (CSS) for the establishment of feeding strategy in the dry season in Northeast Thailand. Animals were subjected to the following four dietary treatments: Treatment 1; 100% of CSS, Treatment 2; 70% of CSS and 30% of commercial complete feed (TMR), Treatment 3; 40% of CSS and 60% of TMR, and Treatment 4; 100% of TMR. The average CP, ether extracts, nitrogen free extracts, crude fiber and ash contents of CSS were 2.0, 0.9, 79.0, 16.1 and 2.2%, respectively. Although the amount of feed given was approximately at maintenance level, animals in treatments 1 and 2 refused a part of feed. The metabolism trial revealed that total digestible nutrient and metabolizable energy contents of CSS were 61.5% and 9.04 MJ/kgDM, respectively, when it was properly supplemented with protein sources. Nutritive value of CSS was lowered when animals were given CSS solely. This was due to the large loss of energy into urine and methane. Voluntary intake of CSS in cattle was not enough to satisfy energy requirement for maintenance. The CSS can be used as a roughage for feeding cattle in the dry season with proper supplementation of protein and energy.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.10-17
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• 2013

This study investigated the food biochemical characterization of commercial seasoned sea squirt Halocynthia roretzi (CSS). The proximate composition of CSS was 77.2-82.7% moisture, 7.1-9.1% crude protein, 0.3-2.6% crude lipid and 3.5-6.3% ash. Taste compound contents of CSS were 2.3-5.4% salinity (saltiness), 0.42-1.12 g/100 g total acidity (sourness) and 114.9-330.2 mg/100 g amino nitrogen (taste intensity). The Hunter color values of CSS were 23.79-32.50 for lightness, 9.97-20.45 for redness, 14.01-20.96 for yellowness and 64.50-76.63 for color difference. The odor intensity of CSS was 35.0-62.0. According to these results, there were large differences in proximate composition, taste compounds, Hunter color values and odor intensity of CSS. Viable cell counts ranged from 6.20 to 7.69 log (CFU/g), and most of the viable cells comprised of lactic acid-forming bacteria. CSS was not detected in the coliform group.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.299-310
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• 2019

Most web documents are written in Cartesian coordinates, so the study of vertical arrangement of text has been well organized, while the study of circular arrangement is very early. With the recent development of circular display devices, the demand for circular arrangement of texts is increasing. Thus, we proposed a CSS3 extended specification of polar coordinate layout for the circular placement of text. First, we defined the concept of fan model for the text arrangement in polar coordinate which is corresponding to box model in Cartesian coordinate. And, we described new definition on the directions of sentence, paragraph and text orientation in polar coordinate. Based on this new definitions, we developed the extended specification consisting of three parts. A part for setting the fan model, a part for setting directions, and a part for setting typesetting properties. To verify the feasibility of the proposed specification in current web browsers, a preprocessor was developed and sample contents were examined. We compared the code length of the sample contents implemented using other JavaScript library CssWarp.js so as to verify the efficiency of the proposed specification.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.237-247
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• 2004

To investigate the applicability of automated ball indentation (ABI) tests in the evaluation of the tensile properties of cast stainless steel (CSS), ABI tests were performed on four types of unaged CSS and on 316 stainless steel, all of which had a different microstructure and strength. The reliability of ABI test data was analyzed by evaluating the data scattering of the ABI test and by comparing tensile properties obtained from the ABI test and the tensile test. The results show that the degree of scattering of the ABI test data is reasonably acceptable in comparison with that of standard tensile data, when two points data that exhibit out-of-trend are excluded from five to seven points data tested on a specimen. In addition, the scattering decreases slightly as the content of ${\delta}-ferrite$ in CSS increases. Moreover, the ABI test can directly measure the flow parameters of CSS with error bounds of about ${\pm}10\%$ for the ultimate tensile stress and the strength coefficient, and about ${\pm}15\%$ for the yield stress and the strain hardening exponent. The accuracy of the ABI test data is independent of the amount of ${\delta}-ferrite$ in the CSS.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.274-279
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• 2014

The objective of this study was to investigate the fermentation characteristics of cheonggukjang made with smoked soybeans. The study found that the amino nitrogen content and pH of cheonggukjang made with smoked soybean (CSS) were significantly elevated compared to that of cheonggukjang made with non-smoked soybeans (CNS). On the other hand, the moisture content of CSS was significantly lower when compared to that of CNS. Moreover, there were no significant differences in the viscous substance content between CNS ($5.8{\pm}0.2%$) and CSS ($5.6{\pm}0.3%$). In terms of colour, the L and b values of CSS were higher than that of CNS, whereas the a value of CNS was higher than that of CSS. Hence, it was confirmed that the total isoflavone contents in CSS ($1,624.6{\pm}53.2{\mu}g/g$) were higher than that in CNS ($1,590.6{\pm}59.3{\mu}g/g$). In both CSS and CNS, the content of genistin was highest followed by glacitin and daidzein. Also, the number of aerobic bacteria in CNS ($8.1{\pm}0.4\;log\;cfu/g$) was higher than that in CSS ($7.3{\pm}0.3\;log\;cfu/g$). Taken together, a smoking process can useful for the development of new cheonggukjang products.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.365-382
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• 2014

In this article, the force method and Charged System Search (CSS) algorithm are used for the analysis and optimal design of truss structures. The CSS algorithm is employed as the optimization tool and the force method is utilized for analysis. In this paper in addition to member's cross sections, redundant forces, geometry and topology variables are considered as the optimization variables. Minimum complementary energy principle is used directly to analyze the structure. In the presented method, redundant forces are calculated by the CSS in order to minimize the energy function. Combination of the CSS and force method leads to an efficient algorithm in comparison to some of the optimization algorithms.