• Proceedings of the Korean Nutrition Society Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.174.2-174.2
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• 2003

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.105-115
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• 2009

In this study, SPT, FV, and CPT tests were performed at five very soft grounds in southern coast of Korea to characterize the $S_u$ of very soft ground. In addition, a new modified SPT that is applicable to very soft ground was developed. Tests results showed that in very soft ground (N<2), the $S_u$ was lower than 12.5 kPa using the empirical N-Su correlation, and lower than 50 kPa and 65 kPa using vane shear test and CPT, respectively. It was shown that the results of in-situ tests were higher than those estimated from the N-Su correlation, and it was also demonstrated that the range of estimated $S_u$ was quite wide. New correlations that relate the modified SPT $N_m$ with Su from FV and CPT were developed, which are $S_u=1.76N_m-10.47$ and $S_u=1.82N_m-9.71$, respectively.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.279-286
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• 2013

Driving a prefabricated pile is the efficient construction method with low cost and excellent bearing capacity charateristics. But pile drinving method has often been changed to bored pile method with mechanical boring due to the unexpected problems occurred in the various domestic ground condition with landfill. So, pile driving method has more uncertainty than the Bored Pile method. This paper proposed LRFD design value which is one of limit states design method for the PHC driven pile used as building foundation to guarantee the reliable design with reduced uncertainty. This paper analysed 221 dynamic load test results(E.O.I.D : 93, Resrike : 128) and the different methods of estimating bearing design(Meyerhof method & SPT-CPT conversion method), and proposed LRFD value for each design reliability Index 2.33 and 3.0 for PHC driven pile. LRFD value of PHC driven pile represents 0.43~0.55 for Meyerhof method and 0.40~0.49 for SPT-CPT conversion method according to the deign reliability index.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.334-343
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• 1997

Reference white in color television receiver can be achieved by adjusting the RGB gun current ratio and it is necessary to provide additional gain ratio adjustment for the RGB video signal. Generally, the gun current density profile has a gaussian distribution and the gain-bandwidth product of RGB channel amplifieris constant. Therefore brightness and spatial resolution are changed with variations in reference white of receiver. In this paper, the effect of RGB gun current and channel gain ratios on brightness and resolution of CPT is analyzed. Brightness is increased with the color temperature of referenc white because of Helmholtz-kohlrausch effect. The change in ligh output is more abrupt and spatial resolution is improved with unity current ratio. For more bright and improved ressolution we also present the range of color temperature of reference white for P22 phosphors.

• Geotechnical Engineering
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.17-28
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• 1987

Reliability of the cone penetration test (CPT) for estimating shear strength of marine soils is investigated in this paper. For sands, the uncertainty about the angle of internal friction is analyzed. It includes the spatial variation of the soil and the model error in the equation used for interpretation. The most serious uncertainty encountered was the error in the interpretative models. Different methods of interpretation gave quite different values. Subjective opinion was introduced to combine all the interpretative models in a systematic manner. For clays, the undrained Shear Strength from the CPT results is usually =derived by empirical correlations between cone resistance and untrained shear strength from laboratory tests or field vane tests, expressed in terms of cone factor and function of overburden pressure. The uncertainty of the undrained shear strength is caused by data scatter of the cone factor in the correlation, model error of the cone factor, effect of anisotropy, and spatial variability of cone resistance. Among these uncertainties, the most serious one was the data scatter of the cone factor in the .correlation. Between the laboratory test and the field vane test used for correlation, the field vane test was more reliable.

• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.219-225
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• 2012

The aim of the present study was to investigate the corrosion resistance and characteristics of passive layer between naturally passivated and chemically passivated duplex stainless steel, UNS S31803 (EN 1.4462) using CPT, XPS, and EIS. The treatment of $HNO_3$(II) and $HNO_3$(III) in ASTM A 967 was applied. In case of chemically passivated specimen, CPT of $HNO_3$(II) and $HNO_3$(III) were higher than that of naturally passivated specimen. In addition, from XPS results, the protectiveness index (Cr/(Fe+Cr)) of chemically passivated specimens was also higher than that of naturally passivated specimen. The reason for this result is considered due to post-cleaning treatment in chemical passivation process, that is, immersion in $Na_2Cr_3O_7$ solution. The fact that $HNO_3$(II) passivation treatment showed the highest film resistance and 'n', which is exponent related with constant phase element (CPE) of passivation film, was in good agreement with results of CPS and XPS. The chemical passivation treatment was an effective method to improve corrosion resistance of duplex stainless steel.

• Clean Technology
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.469-475
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• 2013

In this research, the stabilization characteristics of upgraded coal using palm oil residues were investigated. The Eco coal, which is the Indonesian low-rank coal, was used as a raw material. The low-rank coal was mixed with palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD), and then dried in a nitrogen atmosphere at $107^{\circ}C$. The trend of spontaneous combustion of upgraded coal was studied by measuring of crossing-point temperature (CPT), low temperature oxidation and moisture readsorption. The results of the CPT measuring and low temperature oxidation showed that the propensity of spontaneous combustion of the upgraded coal was improved compared to the dried coal. The moisture readsorption characteristics of the upgraded coal was also improved. The upgraded coal was stabilized through the surface coating with PFAD, and stability of upgraded coal was proportional to the content of PFAD.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.287-293
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• 2013

This study determined the effects of fucoxanthin on gene expressions related to lipid metabolism in rats with a high-fat diet. Rats were fed with normal fat diet (NF, 7% fat) group, high fat diet group (HF, 20% fat), and high fat with 0.2% fucoxanthin diet group (HF+Fxn) for 4 weeks. Body weight changes and lipid profiles in plasma, liver, and feces were determined. The mRNA expressions of transcriptional factors such as sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP)-1c, Carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 (CPT1), Cholesterol $7{\alpha}$-hydroxylase1 (CYP7A1) as well as mRNA expression of several lipogenic enzymes were determined. Fucoxanthin supplements significantly increased plasma high density lipoprotein (HDL) concentration (P < 0.05). The hepatic total lipids, total cholesterols, and triglycerides were significantly decreased while the fecal excretions of total lipids, cholesterol, and triglycerides were significantly increased in HF+Fxn group (P < 0.05). The mRNA expression of hepatic Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), Fatty acid synthase (FAS), and Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) as well as SREBP-1C were significantly lower in HF+Fxn group compared to the HF group (P < 0.05). The hepatic mRNA expression of Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) and Acyl-CoA cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) were significantly low while lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) was significantly high in the HF+Fxn group (P < 0.05). There was significant increase in mRNA expression of CPT1 and CYP7A1 in the HF+Fxn group, compared to the HF group (P < 0.05). In conclusion, consumption of fucoxanthin is thought to be effective in improving lipid and cholesterol metabolism in rats with a high fat diet.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.119-123
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• 2003

To investigate the effects of the supplementation of carnitine and/or ${\gamma}$ -aminobutric acid (GABA), Sprague-Dawley male rats were orally treated with either an AIN-76 diet (control), a control diet plus ethanol (CE, 4 g ethanol/kg bw), CE plus L-carnitine (CEC, 0.5 g/kg bw), CE plus GABA (CEG, 0.5 g/kg bw), or CE plus L-carnitine plus GABA (CECG, 0.25 g/kg bw each) for 6 weeks. Serum triglyceride levels were increased in the CE group and were decreased significantly in the CEC, CEG and CECG groups. HDL-cholesterol was increased and LDL-cholesterol was decreased in the CEG and CECG groups compared with the CE group. Serum GOT and GPT levels increased by the chronic ethanol administration were decreased in the CEC group. In addition, we have evaluated the mRNA levels of carnitine palmitoyltransferase-I in those groups. Supplementation of carnitine/GABA had some recovery effects on the liver CPT-I mRNA levels which decreased by chronic ethanol administration. These results may suggest that supplementations of either L-carnitine or GABA aye effective on the recovery of chronic ethanol-related symptoms, but no combined effects were shown.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Inherited Metabolic disease
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2022

Long-chain fatty acid oxidation disorders (LC-FAOD) are an autosomal recessive inherited rare disease group that result in an acute metabolic crisis and chronic energy deficiency owing to the deficiency in an enzyme that converts long-chain fatty acids into energy. LC-FAOD includes carnitine palmitoyltransferase type 1 (CPT1), carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase (CACT), carnitine palmitoyltransferase type 2 (CPT2), very long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (VLCAD), long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (LCHAD), and trifunctional protein (TFP) deficiencies. Common symptoms of LC-FAOD are hypoketotic hypoglycemia, cardiomyopathy, and myopathy. Depending on symptom onset, the disease can be divided as neonatal period, late infancy and early childhood, adolescence, or adult onset, but symptoms can appear at any time. The neonatal screening test (NBS) can be used to identify the characteristic plasma acylcarnitine profiles for each disease and confirmed by deficient enzyme analysis or molecular testing. Before introduction of NBS, the mortality rate of LC-FAOD was very high. With NBS implementation as routine neonatal care, the mortality rate was dramatically decreased, but severe symptoms such as rhabdomyolysis recur frequently and affect the quality of life. Triheptanoin (Dojolvi^®), the first drug for pediatric and adult patients with molecularly confirmed LC-FAOD, has recently been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration in 2020. In this review, the diagnosis of LC-FAOD and treatment including triheptanoin are summarized.