• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.50-57
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• 1999

This study aim to clarify the way of spatial composition of Tongdo Temple by diachronic analysis. The way of spatial composition was clarified through the analysis of built in architectural system in three periods. The result are as follows; 1. Spatial composition of Tongdo temple was changed in three period that it were establishment period, 1300s, and 1700s by the transition of meaning structure occurring the transition of spatial composition. 2. It was found out that the wat of spatial composition was three through the diachronic analysis the transition of spatial composition in Tongdo temple. 3. Juxtaposition as a way of spatial composition found out through the diachronic analysis is equivalent articulation of three sections; an upper, a middle, and a lower section and polyaxis or polycore in the each sections. Fusion is heterogenetic minglement mingling different kind of buildings and conjugation conjugating different kind of decorations. And accumulation of layer is mutilayer laying different time of layer and multi aspect aligning different kind of aspects since the temple's establishment.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.763-770
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• 1993

To investigate the quality changes during frozen storage, top shell, Omphalius pfeifferi capenteri, was stored at -18$^{\circ}C$, -$25^{\circ}C$ and -3$0^{\circ}C$ immediately after shelling and water holding capacity, protein composition and histological features were examined with the lapsed period of the storage. During the storage period, amount of free drip was increased with higher frozen temperature and longer frozen period, but with the longer storage period, the lower water holding capacity was observed. The extractability and composition of muscle protein, sarcoplasmic protein and stroma protein were rather stable regardless of frozen temperature and frozen storage period. However, the extractability of myofibrillar protein was decreased with higher frozen temperature and longer frozen storage period. On the changes of muscle tissue structure, following points were observed. 1) In the muscle tissue structure of fresh sample, fine muscle fiber was closely distributed all over the tissue regardless of cross and longitudinal section. 2) In tissue structure under frozen state, it was observed that ice crystals apparently grew with the higher storage temperature. Empty spaces between muscle bundles which wee formed by aggregations of muscle fiber were observed after 3 months storage at -18$^{\circ}C$ . 3) Tissue structure in thawed state was restored satisfactorily after 1 month storage regardless of storage temperature. After 3 months storage at -3$0^{\circ}C$, muscle tissue was well restored, but at -18$^{\circ}C$, empty spaces were apparent due to incomplete restoration.

• Journal of Surface Science and Engineering
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.281-288
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• 1999

Electrodeposited Zn-Ni alloy coatings are of particular interest for improving the corrosion resistance of steel in a number of enviornments. Of particular interest is the relationship between composition, structure and corrosion rate. This paper firstly reviews the literature regarding composition-structure relationships of Zn-Ni electrodeposits and compares them with the equilibrium phase diagram. Secondly, research was carried out on a wide range of coatings which were produced in the laboratory and their structure and corrosion rates determined. It was found that unambiguous identification of phases from XRD data can be difficult. Maximum corrosion resistance of deposits is obtained at 12-13% Ni, with a $\gamma$ phase structure and predomination of (600) and (411) reflections. Compatibility is important with regard to chromate conversion coatings.

• Journal of Surface Science and Engineering
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.143-148
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• 1993

Composition and microstructures of Silver-Tin alloy deposits from a pyrophosphate bath were studied under the D.C. electrolysis conditions. Cathode current efficiency and throwing power of alloy deposits de-creased with increasing current density. Tin content of Ag-Sn alloy deposits decreased noticeably with the cur-rent density and with decreasing pH. The preferred orientation of the deposits tended to change in sequence of (110)longrightarrow(111)longrightarrow(100) texture with increasing the cathode overpotential. The surface structure of alloy deposits showed the smooth surface structure with fine crystallites.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.62-70
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• 2017

This study has a purpose that definitize correlationship of spatial structure and sales strategies in mixed-use complexes which established in Korea since year 2000. For this purpose, this study tries to analysis spatial structure of mixed-use facilities through space syntax theory and makes an typological categorization based on their space composition. As a result of categorization, Korean mixed-use facilities can be classed as three types. First type is integrated stacking type. Second one is parallel connecting type. Third type is room to room type. According to differences between categories, their spatial structures show different meaning with different sales strategies. Integrated stacking type sales luxury brands and expensive stuffs and it also has deep and complicated structure. That means theses spaces usually make a strategy of exclusion. Parallel connecting type sales special categories and it also has shallow and easy spatial structure. That means these facilities want to make a smooth connection between apposed volumes. Room to room type sales cheap and fancy objects and it also has simple and shallow structure. That means simple spatial structure can be lead contact customer to stuffs. These results mean spatial structure have a effect on design of sales space.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.78-90
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• 2020

We studied forest structure and composition in the vicinity of Srinagar Hydroelectric Power Project in Alaknanda Valley, Garhwal Himalaya, India to provide baseline data for the management of forests. Eight sites were selected in the vicinity of power project based on elevation and species composition. Density varied from 650 to 340 ind ha^-1 for trees and from 4,360 to 6,480 ind ha^-1 for shrubs. TBC ranged from 35.02 to 54.02 ㎡ ha^-1 for trees and from 0.875 to 2.628 ㎡ ha^-1 for shrubs. On the basis of density and IVI, Pinus roxburghii was found dominant tree species in most of the sites, whereas among the shrubs, Carissa opaca was dominant. Dominance of Pinus roxburghii in most of the sites is an indication towards possible threat to associated species in the area. The dominance-diversity curve of trees showed a geometric distribution, whereas the shrubs displayed log-normal curves. The forest has rich and diverse species composition however; habitat degradation caused by the construction of Power Project might lead to reduction of plant species from the area. The information obtained from this study will be helpful in predicting possible changes in the forest ecosystem properties in near future after completion of the power project.

• The Journal of Korean Medical History
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.89-104
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• 2020

The purpose of this research is to build a database structure that can be useful for evidence-based medical practices by constructing the knowledge related to oriental medicine in the classical literature knowledge in a form that can utilize new forms of information technology. As a method, "database" is used as a keyword to search published studies in the field of oriental medicine, research is conducted on classic literature knowledge, and studies describing the contents of the data structure are found and analyzed. In conclusion, the original text DB for the preservation of the original texts and the presentation of the supporting texts should include 'Contents Text', 'Tree Structure', 'Herbal Structure', 'Medicine Manufacture', and 'Disease Structure' tables. In order to search, calculate, and automatically extract expressions written in the original text of the old literature, the tool DB should include 'Unit List', 'Capacity Notation List', 'CUI', 'LUI', and 'SUI' tables. In addition, In order to manage integrated knowledge such as herbal, medicine, acupuncture, disease, and literature, and to implement a search function such as comparison of similarity of control composition, the knowledge DB must contain 'dose-controlled medicine name', 'dose-controlled medicine composition', 'relational knowledge', 'knowledge structure', and 'computational knowledge' tables.

• ALGAE
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.225-232
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• 2003

Species composition, community structure and biodiversity of marine benthic community were studied in the rocky shore of Dongbaekseom, Busan. A total of 82 species of marine algae including 4 Cyanophyta, 11 Chlorophyta, 20 Phaeophyta and 47 Rhodophyta are listed. The dominant algal species were Ulva pertusa, Chondria crassicaulis, Corallina spp. and Melobesioidean algae. Sargassum thunbergii, Chondracanthus intermedia, Gelidium divaricatum and Ralfsia verrucosa were subdominant in cases of different seasons and vertical layers. Chthamalus challengeri, Littorina brevicula and Mytilus edulis were dominant zoobenthic species upper-middle layer of the intertidal zone. The community structure of this area seemed to be controlled by spatial competition with benthic marine algae. The species diversity indices estimated from different sources were quite different. Indices from coverage were 1.87, 3.98 from frequency, 2.26 from the average of total frequency and coverage and 2.15 from importance value. The similarity indices on the present study showed decreasing trends comparing to the previous benthic algal composition researches.

• Journal of Surface Science and Engineering
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.232-240
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• 2002

The composition and the microstructure of the Zn-Cr alloys electroplated in chloride bath with EDTA were studied according to electrolysis conditions. The cathode current efficiency decreased with increasing both Cr/(Cr+Zn) ratio and current density. The Cr content of the alloy deposits increased with Cr/(Cr+Zn) ratio and current density The phase structure of Zn-Cr alloy deposits changed from η-Zn through η-Zn+${\gamma}$'-ZnCr to ${\gamma}$'-ZnCr with increasing Cr content of alloys. The surface morphology of Zn-Cr alloy deposits changed from fine needle shaped crystallites through the mixed structure of needle-shaped and granular one to the colony structure with fine granular crystallites according to the change of phase structure

• Proceedings of the Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute Conference
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• 2006.09a
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• pp.287-288
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• 2006

Two approaches for the fabrication of tailored powder composites with specially distributed pore-grain structure and chemical composition are investigated. Electrophoretic Deposition (EPD) followed by microwave sintering is employed to obtain functionally graded materials (FGM) by in-situ controlling the deposition bath suspension composition. $Al_2O_3/ZrO_2$ and zeolite FGM are successfully synthesized using this technique. In order to fabricate an aligned porous structure, unidirectional freezing followed by freeze drying and sintering is employed. By controlling the temperature gradient during freezing of powder slurry, a unidirectional ice-ceramic structure is obtained. The frozen specimen is then subjected to freeze drying to sublimate the ice. The obtained capillary-porous ceramic specimen is consolidated by sintering. The sintering of the graded structure is modeled by the continuum theory of sintering.