• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2007년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.429-432
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• 2007

Gasification has been regarded as a very important technology to decrease environmental pollution and to obtain higher efficiency, The coal gasification process converts carbon containing coal into a syngas, composed primarily of CO and $H_2$. And the coal syngas can be used as a source for power generation or chemical material production. This paper illustrates the operation characteristics and results of pilot-scale coal syngas production facilities. The entrained-bed pilot scale coal gasifier was operated normally in the temperature range of $1,300{\sim}1,400^{\cdot}C$, $2{\sim}3kg/cm^2$ pressure. And Indonesian KPC coal produced syngas that has a composition of $46{\sim}54$% CO, $20{\sim}26$% $H_2$, and $5{\sim}8$% $CO_2$.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.212-217
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• 1997

A strain of Bacillus sp. WS-14 was isolated from soil. Medium optimization for ${\beta}-mannanase$ production by Bacillus sp. WS-14 was performed. Effect of various carbon sources on ${\beta}-mannanase$ production was investigated and locust bean gum was the most effective for ${\beta}-mannanase$ production. ${\beta}-mannanase$ activity and cell growth increased with increasing the concentration of locust bean gum, however, the amounts were not significant. Among nitrogen sources, soytone was the most effective for ${\beta}-mannanase$ production. Inorganic compounds such as $KH_2PO_4,\;NaCl\;Na_2CO_3\;and\;MgSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O\;on\;{\beta}-mannanase$ production were optimized for ${\beta}-mannanase$ production. Locust bean gum of 10.0 g/l, soytone of 5.0 g/l, $KH_2PO_4$ of 2.0 g/l, NaCl of 10.0 g/l, $MgSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O\;of\;0.2\;g/l,\;Na_2CO_3$, of 2.0 g/l were selected as optimum content. Production of ${\beta}-mannanase$ by using the optimum medium was carried out. The maximum ${\beta}-mannanase$ activity of 20.8 unit/ml could be obtained after 14 h fermentation which corresponed to the productivity of ${\beta}-mannanase$ of 1.48 unit/ml-h.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.192-196
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• 2008

The generation of high purity hydrogen from reformed hydrocarbon fuels, or syngas, is essential for efficient operation of the fuel cell (PEMFC, Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell). Usually, major components of reformed gas are $H_2$, CO, $CO_2$ and $H_2O$. Especially a major component, CO poisons the electrode of fuel cells. The water gas shifter (WGS) that shifts CO to $CO_2$ and simultaneously produces $H_2$, was developed to a two stage catalytic conversion process involving a high temperature shifter (HTS) and a low temperature shifter (LTS). Also, experiments were carried out to reduce the carbon monoxide up to $3{\sim}4%$ in the HTS and lower than 5,000 ppm via the LTS.

• 대한기계학회논문집 C: 기술과 교육
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.285-290
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• 2015

저급 에너지인 폐기물로부터 고부가 합성가스를 생산하고 온실가스 저감 연구를 동시에 수행하기 위하여 $1000-1400^{\circ}C$의 고온에서 순산소 가스화 연구를 수행하였다. 폐기물 시료로는 RPF (Refused Plastic Fuel)를 이용하였으며 실험 장치로는 열중량 분석기와 0.5 ton/day의 pilot plant 가스화 시스템을 이용하였다. 열중량 분석기에서는 이산화탄소에 의한 RPF 촤(char)의 가스화 실험을 수행하여 온도에 따른 중량 변화를 고찰하고 Boudouard reaction에 의해 일산화탄소가 생성되는 것을 확인하였다. 또한, 0.5 ton/day pilot plant system에서 RPF의 순산소 가스화를 통하여 고농도의 수소를 함유한 합성가스를 생산하였다. 생산된 합성가스는 수송용 연료 생산과 화학제품 생산에 가능한 수소와 일산화 탄소의 비율을 나타내었다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.281-290
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• 1993

This experiment was designed to evaluate the effect of degree of unsaturation (Experiment 1) and the chain length of constituent fatty acids of dietary fats (Experiment 2) on-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase activities in the liver and small intestine of chicks. Chicks were fed experimental diets for 10 days and then killed for the determination of the HMG-CoA reductase activities in the intestinal epithelial cell and hepatic microsomes. The hepatic HMG-CoA reductase activity showed the highest value in chicks fed the tallow-containing diet. Chicks fed diets containing safflower or coconut oil resulted in a significantly lower intestinal HMG-CoA reductase activity in comparison with those fed the olive oil-containing diet. The hepatic HMG-CoA reductase activity was significantly higher when fat-free and trilaurin were fed than when any other triglycerides were fed. This activity showed the lowest value in the chicks fed the diet containing tristearin. The HMG-CoA reductase activities in the jejunum and ileum were significantly or tended to be higher when trilaurin was fed than when any other triglycerides were fed. Except when trilaurin was fed, the presence of saturated fat in the diet did not have a significant effect on the intestinal HMG-CoA reductase activity, unlike the effect shown when a highly unsaturated fat was added to the diet. There was no significant correlation between the HMG-CoA reductase activities of the liver and intestinal, and the HMG-CoA reductase activity and cholesterol content of the intestinal epithelial cells.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2009년도 하계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.1312-1316
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• 2009

Growing interest in $CO_2$ capturing from industrial processes and storage in underground formations is emerging from commitments in reducing $CO_2$ emissions manifested in the Kyoto Protocol. In this paper, $CO_2$ liquefaction system is treated in focus of liquefaction efficiency & production rate. Presently $CO_2$ is transported in ships or trucks at a pressure of 14-20 bar. Considering this, the liquefaction pressures of 20, 15, 6.5 bar are selected. Compressor work and cooling capacity are calculated and compared. In order to investigate the effect of intercooling, the compressed gas after compressor work is cooled by ambient air or seawater. In case of applying the intercooling to the system, consuming energy can be saved larger than 20%. In the lower liquefaction pressure, the more $CO_2$ can be obtained due to higher density. In the liquefaction pressure of 6.5 bar, its $CO_2$ production is about 35% higher than that of the system with the liquefaction pressure, 20 bar.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.262-266
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• 1997

To increase the high production of 1-deoxynojirimycin (DNJ) from Streptomyces sp. SID9135, the effect of various carbon sources, nitrogen sources, cationic metal ions, the initial pH of the medium, and agitation speed were investigated. The most effective carbon and nitrogen sources were found to be lactose 2.5% (w/v) and soybean meal 2.0% (w/v), respectively. None of the cationic metal ions examined had any detectable stimulating effect on DNJ production except $Fe^{+2}$ ion. The initial optimum pH for DNJ production ranged from 6-8 and agitation speed was most effective at 400 rpm. In the jar fermentor experiments under optimal culture conditions, the accumulation of DNJ reached about $640{\mu}g$/ml after 5 days of cultivation and the level remained the same for a further two days.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.94-98
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• 1973

1. 품종은 노지에서 재배한 복수2호를 사용하였으며 1971년과 1972년 2회에 걸쳐 Tomato 과실의 성숙시기별 호흡량변황 및 저장중 성분변화에 대하여 조사하였다. 2. 환경압력조절에 의한 Tomato 과실의 호흡억제효과는 SAP 구중 660 Torr. 구가 가장 효과적이었다. 3. 성장중 성숙시기별로 채취한 Tomato의 호흡량 변화는 각채취시기별로 차이가 있었으며 Tomato의 일대에 있어서 시기별 숙기에 이른 과실을 경과일수에 따라 호흡량을 조사하면 전체적으로 호흡량의 증감이 sigmoid 형으로 나타났으며 하나의 climacteric pattern을 나타내 주고 있다. 4. 성장중 성숙시기별로 채취한 Tomato 과실의 환경압력변화에 의한 영향은 어느시기에서나 NAP구보다 SAP구의 호흡량이 적었으며 전 기간중 동일한 경향으로 호흡억제 효과가 있었다. 5. 저장중 Tomato 과실의 중량변화는 NAP 구가 SAP 구보다 현저하며 산, 당 및 Vitamine-C의 변화에 있어서는 SAP구가 NAP구 보다 감소율이 적었다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제29권12호
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• pp.1805-1811
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• 2016

The goal of this study was to estimate the emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG), namely methane ($CH_4$), nitrous oxide ($N_2O$), and carbon dioxide ($CO_2$) from poultry and pig production in South Korea over the last 10 years (2005 through 2014). The calculations of GHG emissions were based on Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) guidelines. Over the study period, the $CH_4$ emission from manure management decreased in layer chickens, nursery to finishing pigs and gestating to lactating sows, but there was a gradual increase in $CH_4$ emission from broiler chickens and male breeding pigs. Both sows and nursery to finishing pigs were associated with greater emissions from enteric fermentation than the boars, especially in 2009. Layer chickens produced lower direct and indirect $N_2O$ emissions from 2009 to 2014, whereas the average direct and indirect $N_2O$ emissions from manure management for broiler chickens were 12.48 and $4.93Gg\;CO_2-eq/yr$, respectively. Annual direct and indirect $N_2O$ emissions for broiler chickens tended to decrease in 2014. Average $CO_2$ emission from direct on-farm energy uses for broiler and layer chickens were 46.62 and $136.56Gg\;CO_2-eq/yr$, respectively. For pig sectors, the $N_2O$ emission from direct and indirect sources gradually increased, but they decreased for breeding pigs. Carbon dioxide emission from direct on-farm energy uses reached a maximum of $53.93Gg\;CO_2-eq/yr$ in 2009, but this total gradually declined in 2010 and 2011. For boars, the greatest $CO_2$ emission occurred in 2012 and was $9.44Gg\;CO_2-eq/yr$. Indirect $N_2O$ emission was the largest component of GHG emissions in broilers. In layer chickens, the largest contributing factor to GHG emissions was $CO_2$ from direct on-farm energy uses. For pig production, the largest component of GHG emissions was $CH_4$ from manure management, followed by $CO_2$ emission from direct on-farm energy use and $CH_4$ enteric fermentation emission, which accounted for 8.47, 2.85, and $2.82Gg-CO_2/yr$, respectively. The greatest GHG emission intensity occurred in female breeding sows relative to boars. Overall, it is an important issue for the poultry and pig industry of South Korea to reduce GHG emissions with the effective approaches for the sustainability of agricultural practices.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.295-301
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• 1997

토양으로부터 분리한 120 여종의 집락 중 응집제를 생산하는 집락을 선발하고 가장 응집력이 우수한 K-67 균주를 최종 선발하여 Agrobacterium sp. KF-67로 동정하고 실험균주로 사용하였다. 응집제 생산시 최적 배지성분을 조사하기 위하여 응집활성을 kaolin과 활성탄 현탁액에서 응딥활성을 측정하였다. 최적 배지성분과 농도는 탄소원과 무기질소원은 glucose와 NH4NO3 각각 2%와 0.1%, 유기질소원은 yeast extract와 peptone 각 0.01%, 무기염으로 CaCO3을 0.04%를 첨가하였을 때 응집활성이 가장 우수하였다. 배지 중 0.03% NaCl 첨가로 약 19%의 응집활성을 향상시킬 수 있었다. 이상과 같은 결과로 볼 때 Agrobacterium sp.에 의한 응집제 생산시 최적배지의 성분 조성과 함량은 2% glucose, 0.1% NH4NO3, 0.01% yeast extract, 0.01% peptone, 0.04% CaCO3, 0.03% NaCl이었고, 이때 기초배지에 비해 약 76.1%의 응집활성력이 증가하여 응집제 생산에 효과적인 배지성분 조건으로 조사되었다.