• Journal of Climate Change Research
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.69-74
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to suggest the methodology of $CO_2$ Emission Factor Verification and Quantitative Assessment in Ethylene Product Processes. At first, this study compare the IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) 1996 Guideline and 2006 Guideline. And analyse methodology for estimating $CO_2$ emission and $CO_2$ emission factor in Ethylene product process. Also analyse cases of estimating $CO_2$ emission factor based on material balance. Methodology of $CO_2$ Emission Factor Verification and Quantitative Assessment are following the categories proposed by GIR (Greenhouse Gas Inventory and Research Center). There are total 12 factors in 8 categories and give 5 or 10 points according to their importance. Also this study suggests necessary data of document to meet the conditions. The result would help estimate accuracy Greenhouse Gas Inventory. Also contribute to establish policy on environmental assessment, air conservation, etc.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.209-218
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• 2014

In this study, the researchers have developed the greenhouse gas emission coefficients targeted at sewage sludge incineration plants that treat sewage sludge by incineration. Among the gases emitted from the sewage sludge incineration plants, the greenhouse gases showed concentrations of 6.84% for $CO_2$, 4.51 ppm for $CH_4$, and 86.34 ppm for $N_2O$; calculated into greenhouse gas emission coefficients, these gave $276.06kg\;CO_2/ton$, $0.0066kg\;CH_4/ton$, and $0.35kg\;N_2O/ton$. As the result of calculating the greenhouse gas emission quantity in sewage sludge incineration plants using the greenhouse gas emission coefficients, the gross greenhouse gas emission was $84.63ton\;CO_2\;eq./day$, and the net emission was $23.90ton\;CO_2\;eq./day$; this was $37.52ton\;CO_2\;eq./day$ less than the net greenhouse gas emission that was calculated using the standard values of IPCC, which was $61.42ton\;CO_2\;eq./day$. This difference is probably because unlike the standard values of IPCC, the greenhouse gas emission coefficients of this study reflected the special properties of subject facilities. Thus, it is thought that emission coefficient research on the facilities that deviated from the standard values of IPCC should continue to achieve the development of national greenhouse gas coefficient that reflects the special properties of Korea.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.423-434
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• 2012

This study was carried out to develop for the emission factor of greenhouse gas (GHG) from medium and smallscaled incineration facility using RPF which is considering as a part of renewable energy in UNFCC. The actual concentration of the exhaust gas and the fuel composition of RPF were measured for the calculation of GHG emission factor in RPF incinerators, and were compared with the IPCC guideline. The $CO_2$ and $N_2O$ emission factors by the actual concentration of exhaust gas were $2.3575{\pm}1.0070tCO_2/tRPF$ and $0.0014{\pm}0.0014tN_2O/tRPF$ respectively. Also, $CO_2$ emission factor by the RPF composition was $2.7057{\pm}0.0540tCO_2/tRPF$. The GHG emission factor per energy by the actual concentration was $83.0867{\pm}26.0346tCO_2e/TJ$ which showed higher consistency with the GHG emission factor ($80.3967tCO_2e/TJ$) of waste plastic in the IPCC guideline (2006b). The $CO_2$ and $N_2O$ emission factor calculated in this study is considered as a meaningful data for GHG emission factor of RPF incineration facility because of not being developed in ROK.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.279-309
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• 2009

Greenhouse gas emissions should be precisely forecast to reduce the emissions from industrial production processes. This study calculated the direct and indirect $CO_2$ emission intensities of 401 industries using the Input-Output tables 2003 and statistical data on the amount of energy use. This study had some limitations in drawing study findings because overseas data were used given the lack of domestic data. Other limiting factors included the oil distribution problems in the oil refinery sector, re-review of carbon neutral, and insufficient consideration of waste treatment. Nonetheless, this study is very meaningful since the direct and indirect $CO_2$ emission intensities of 401 industries were calculated. Specifically, this study considered from the zero-waste perspective the effects of waste, which attract interest worldwide since coke gas and gas from the steel industry are obtained as byproducts for the first time in Korea. According to the results of the analysis of $CO_2$ emission intensity per industry, typical industries whose indirect $CO_2$ emission intensity is high include crude steel making, Remicon, steel wire rods & track rail, cast iron, and iron reinforcing rods & bar steel. These industries produce products using the raw materials produced in the industrial sector whose $CO_2$ emission intensity is high. The representative industries whose direct $CO_2$ emission intensity is high include cement, pig iron, lime & plaster products, andcoal-based compounds. These industries extract raw ore from nature and refine them into raw materials that are useful in other industries. The findings in this study can be effectively used for the following case: estimation of target $CO_2$ emission reduction level reflecting each industrial sector's characteristics, calculation of potential emission reduction of each policy to reduce $CO_2$ emissions, identification of a firm's $CO_2$ emission level, and setting of the target level of emission reduction. Moreover, the findings in this study can be utilized widely in fields such as System of integrated Environmental and Economic Accounting(SEEA) and Material Flow Analysis(MFA) as the current topic of research in Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.65-71
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• 2011

Since 2003, policies and practices related to the reduction of CO₂ gas emission from ships has been discussing by the International Maritime Organization. The representative emission index and indicator are the EEDI (Energy Efficiency Design Index) for the new ships and EEOI (Energy Efficiency Operational Indicator) during the voyage. For the CO₂ emission monitoring system, the SEEMP (Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan) is also on the table. This global preparations to reduce theCO₂ emission is not except for the surface transportation. This research report elucidates the recent stream on the IMO CO₂ emission from ship and detail explanation on the EEDI and EEOI.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.42-50
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• 2001

In this paper, the reduction of CO₂ gas emission and exhaust gas emission by using the shift of coastal transport from land transport for import-export container cargo was proposed. At first, the domestic CO₂ gas emission, exhaust gas emission and the transportation of import-export container cargo are investigated. And also, we investigated the reduction of CO₂ gas emission and exhaust gas emission by the shift of coastal transport from land transport for the transportation of import-export container cargo between Kyongin area and Pusan Port. Finally, the change of NOx gas emission due to the change of the share of coastal transportation and using the 320TEU container ship are investigated. The research results show that the shift of coastal transport from land transport was effective to reduce the CO₂ gas emission and exhaust gas emission.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.11-13
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• 2009

As the quantity of goods transported, port industry and inland transport industry have developing still, but almost 80% of inland transport industry consists of ground transport. According to issue "global warming", many regulations and agreements with countries in the world are becoming necessary and it is being fulfilled now. It is sure that Korea will have duty to reduce CO2 emission from 2013. And inland transport have to cut CO2 emission down. Therefore, this paper will address that calculate CO2 emission under route of transportation container at Korea by using O/D analysis. And then, it will predict routes of transportation containers which can reduce CO2 emission.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of IIIuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.417-420
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• 2007

This paper proposes a method to calculate the amount of the CO2 emission w.r.t. generator MW output using the input-output coefficients of the thermal power plants. A calculation of CO2 emission for an LNG fired combined cycle power plant is demonstrated.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.158-168
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• 2007

The cement industry is one of the energy intensive industries such as petrochemical and steel industry. The energy efficiency of cement industry is high comparing to oversea's cement industries due to the enforcement of energy conservation policies. The purpose of this study is estimate emission factors for greenhouse gas ($CO_{2}$) in cement industry. The results of field study, quicklime contained quantity of five factories were $0.64{\sim}0.65$. Measurement emission (15,382 ton/day) is 40% higher than process emission (8,929 ton/day) on the IPCC Guidelines (1996). Add to combustion emission on the lines of IPCC Guidelines (1996) is similar to the emission of this study. The emission factor of greenhouse gas ($CO_{2}$) were as follows the emission factor between $9.01E-01{\sim}2.15E-01\;ton/ton$ for $CO_{2}$. The result of this study is higher than emission factor of IPCC (0.51) but it is similar to U.S. EPA's (0.952).

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.16 no.12
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• pp.167-174
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• 2011

This paper described the estimation methods of CO2 emission of vehicles. The important of energy and environment has emerged in the world, and the field of vehicle's development as well. CO2 was particularly the object of emission-regulation that caused of global warming. There are performance comparison methods by driving mileage, International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and chemical equation for the combustion of Octane. We took the measurement by getting data through OBD-II port from vehicle covered 5 km on road. We got the diagnosis information, specific mileage and fuel consumption in this experiment. We are able to expect similar CO2 emission by the methods in the normal speed driving. Also, we can make more realistic approach of CO2 emission by the method of estimation by IPCC and chemical equation for the combustion of Octane in rapid acceleration driving.