• Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.1243-1248
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• 2008

$CO_2$ emission amount and characteristics of combined heat and power (CHP) plant in industrial complex of Korea is evaluated by using the fuel analysis method. Fuel analysis methods of several foreign countries and developed one which is developed considering the operation characteristics of the surveyed CHP plants are used. The operation data is surveyed for all of the CHP plants in industrial complex and is composed of fuel consumption amount, generation, sale and efficiency of heat and electricity, condensed steam enthalpy, and etc of the each CHP.

• Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.172-176
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• 2009

We developed a program, "CogenSim-$\mu$," to simulate the operation of micro-combined heat and power (${\mu}CHP$) system. The CogenSim-$\mu$ can reflect the variation of energy efficiency by handling the real-time loads (heat and power) fluctuation. The result obtained using this program was compared with the real operation of 30 kWe gas engine driven ${\mu}CHP$. It was found that the CogenSim-$\mu$ could predict the amount of generated-power, recovered-heat and consumed-fuel with the error less than 3%, and heat and power efficiency with the error less than 4%. The CogenSim-$\mu$ reconstructed the profile of on-off cycle, which represented the operation of a facility, with more than 93% accuracy. The CogenSim-$\mu$ can reflect the effects of various factors such as size of thermal storage tank, desired temperature of reservoir water, natural frequency of generator, etc. As a result, the CogenSim-$\mu$ can be used to optimize the ${\mu}CHP$ operation.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.167-172
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• 2014

In the present study, muscle tissues were obtained separately from individuals from Atlantic hairtail population (AHP), Gunsan hairtail population (GHP) and Chinese hairtail population (CHP), respectively. The seven decamer primers were used to generate the shared loci, specific, unique shared loci to each population and shared loci by the three hairtail populations. Here, averagely, a decamer primer generated 64.7 amplified products per primer in the AHP population, 55.7 in GHP population and 56.4 in CHP population. The number of unique shared loci to each population and number of shared loci by the three populations generated by genetic analysis using 7 decamer primers in AHP, GHP and CHP population. 119 unique shared loci to each population, with an average of 17 per primer, were observed in the AHP population, and 28 loci, with an average of 4 per primer, were observed in the CHP population. The hierarchical dendrogram point out three main branches: cluster 1 (ATLANTIC 01 ~ ATLANTIC 07), cluster 2 (GUNSAN 08 ~ GUNSAN 14) and cluster 3 (CHINESE 15 ~ CHINESE 21). The shortest genetic distance displaying significant molecular difference was between individuals' CHINESE no. 16 and CHINESE no. 18 (0.045). In the long run, individual no. 01 of the AHP population was most distantly related to CHINESE no. 19 (genetic distance = 0.430). Consequently, PCR analysis generated on the genetic data displayed that the geographic AHP population was widely separated from CHP population, while individuals of CHP population were fairly closely related to those of GHP population.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.342-348
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• 2013

The following study was presented to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of peel extracts (PE) from three citrus fruits: Citrus unshiu, Citrus limonia Osbeck and Citrus hallabong. According to this study, cytotoxicity, NO-production and protein levels of iNOS (inducible nitric oxide synthase) in macrophage cell were analyzed, which had been incubated in murine macrophage cell line RAW 264.7 cell of PE from those three citrus fruits. According to Citrus unshiu peel extracts (CUP), Citrus limonia Osbeck peel extracts (CHP) and Citrus hallabong peel extracts (CLP) treatment, the result showed that there was no cell growth inhibited below 2 mg/mL. Comparing the NO-production of the cell with LPS (100 ng/mL) and the treatment without LPS, significant increase of NO-production was detected. However NO-production also showed decrease trend, as the concentration increased. For each treatment, at the concentration of 1 mg/mL, NO-ihibitory activity showed significant result with following order: CUP > CHP > CLP. According to the result from Western blot, the inhibitory activities of iNOS protein from CUP and CHP showed fairly similar performances. Also inhibitory activity of COX-2 showed the following order: CUP > CHP> CLP. There was no doubt that all the treatments of CUP, CHP and CLP have anti-inflammatory effect and also that the inhibitory activity of the CUP treatment was the strongest among those three.

• Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.615-620
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• 2008

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.415-420
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• 2013

A method for coating rice with a novel substance, SHC [soybean hydrolysate with Cyclo Histidine-Proline (CHP)], was developed to produce functional rice for food production. The dip coating and spray coating method was tested to reduce the loss of functionality during the manufacturing of enriched rice. The dip coating method showed a very low absorption rate ($0.079min^{-1}$) of the functional substance compared to control ($0.150min^{-1}$), while the spray-coating method with protective coating materials [a methyl cellulose solution (l%, w/v) containing 5% (w/v) of the SHC] showed relatively adequate absorption characteristics. A light yellowish stain was observed in the rice samples processed by the spray-coating method (b value; surface1 0.69, flour 4.91) compared to raw rice (b value; surface 9.67, flour 4.86). The microscopic appearance of whole kernels and longitudinal sections revealed that cracks formed in all rice samples, regardless of the coating method. In conclusion, spray coating is a potential method for producing SHC-fortified rice with excellent physical characteristics.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.763-779
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• 2007

The combined heat-and-power (CHP) plant is recently suggested as an effective resolution in response to recent rising oil prices and the Kyoto Protocol. This research provides a model for economic appraisal to evaluate CHP investment. Real option model is developed to incorporate a case where the investment is irreversible and underlying revenue is stochastic. The analysis shows that power plant capacity more than 40 Gcal makes CHP investment profitable while the results may vary 10 modest level with respect to investment cost, heat sales price and discount rate.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Rural Health Nursing
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.30-40
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• 2020

Purpose: This study was done to describe a community health practitioner's nursing case management for a terminal cancer patient registered in the public health post. Methods: For this purpose, data were collected through the patient and family through home visits, health clinic offices, and phone calls. The nursing process was carried out from August to November 2019. Results: The patient suffered the most from anorexia and lack of energy. Also he expressed psychologically uncertainty about disease and death anxiety caused by long-term treatment. In order to reduce the death anxiety, Community Health Practitioner (CHP) asked him to express his life stories and listened to him. CHP provided information of appropriate medications and alternative foods for symptoms such as gastrointestinal disorders and anorexia to the patient and family. Observing the situation of the patient and family, CHP guided the patient and family to prepare for death and has confirmed to them that the process was not with the patient alone. Conclusion: CHP's this experience has shown the possibility for CHP to help the terminal cancer patient and family to prepare peaceful death in their communities.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.56 no.5
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• pp.1654-1666
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• 2024

The goal of this research is to propose a way to maximize small modular reactor (SMR) utilization to gain better market feasibility in support of carbon neutrality. For that purpose, a comprehensive tool was developed, combining off-design thermohydraulic models, economic objective models (levelized cost of electricity, annual profit), non-economic models (saved CO2), a parameter input sampling method (Latin hypercube sampling, LHS), and a multi-objective evolutionary algorithm (Non-dominated Sorting Algorithm-2, NSGA2 method) for optimizing a SMR-combined heat and power cycle (CHP) system design. Considering multiple objectives, it was shown that NSGA2+LHS method can find better optimal solution sets with similar computational costs compared to a conventional weighted sum (WS) method. Out of multiple multi-objective optimal design configurations for a 105 MWe design generation rating, a chosen reference SMR-CHP system resulted in its levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) below $60/MWh for various heat prices, showing economic competitiveness for energy market conditions similar to South Korea. Examined economic feasibility may vary significantly based on CHP heat prices, and extensive consideration of the regional heat market may be required for SMR-CHP regional optimization. Nonetheless, with reasonable heat market prices (e.g. district heating prices comparable to those in Europe and Korea), SMR can still become highly competitive in the energy market if coupled with a CHP system.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.22 no.12
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• pp.873-880
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• 2010

The present study developed a computer simulation program to determine the optimum strategy and capacity of a micro combined heat and power(CHP) system. This simulation program considered a part-load electrical/thermal efficiency and transient response characteristics of CHP unit. The result obtained from the simulation was compared with the actual operation of 30 kW gas engine driven micro CHP system. It was found that the simulation could reproduce the daily operation behavior, such as operating hours and mean load factor, closely to the actual behavior of the system and could predict the amount of electrical/thermal output and fuel consumption with the error of less than 12%.