• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.133-144
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• 2011

The objective of this study is to analyze the characteristic of radiation environment in the urban and rural through the field observation in the summer. The radiation balance was compared through the measurement of the shortwave radiation and long-wave radiation in the urban, sub-urban, and rural. The following conclusion could be obtained from this research. (1)In the results of observation including the rain-day, it was found that the short wave radiance in the urban is lower about 10% than the rural. (2)The upper part of atmosphere layers in the urban are aabsorb much short wave radiation energies compared with the rural relatively. It can increase the temperature of the upper part of atmosphere layers and the emittance of long wave radiation. (3)The ratio of the downward short wave radiation to the downward long wave radiation was 1.24 for the urban, 1.28 for sub-urban and 1.35 for rural. It can be estimated that the atmosphere condition of the rural is better than that of other areas. (4)The net radiation of the rural was lower that of the urban. It was found that the energy in and outflow of the rural is easier than that of the urban. (5)The temperature variation for the long-wave radiation change of the rural showed more sensitive than that of the urban. It was came from the radiation characteristics of the surrounding environment and can be used as the important index to evaluate the thermal environment characteristic of urban.

• 산업융합연구
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.33-39
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• 2019

본 연구에서는 기후변화에 대응하는 도시개발의 실천적 실행을 위해서 기후위험요인 측면과 환경적인 측면으로 대별하여 도시개발 방향과 시사점을 제시하는데 목적을 두었다. 연구방법으로는 정성적인 자료조사와 분석을 통해 이루어졌다. 연구결과, 기후위험요인에 따른 도시개발방향은 도시계획수립시 기후변화 영향을 통합적으로 고려할 수 있는 지역별 부문별 영향 및 취약성 분석을 실시함으로써 자연재난에 대한 피해예방 시스템 구축과 자연재해 위험도 분석을 실시해 도시개발을 할 수 있는 여건 마련의 중요성을 강조하였다. 환경적측면의 도시개발방향은 친환경적인 도시개발을 위해서는 도시계획수립시 대중교통지향적인 도시개발(TOD, Transit­oriented Development)의 추진이 지속가능하고 실행적인 도시개발을 실현하는데 그 필요성을 제시하였다. 향후 연구방향은 보다 더 정량적이고 실증적인 규명을 위한 연구가 보완되어야 할 것이다.

• 토지주택연구
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.435-447
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• 2013

본 연구는 기후변화에 대응하여 2013년 3월 시행된 녹색건축인증기준의 평가항목 및 실제 인증현황 분석을 통해 현행 인증기준의 개선방향 모색을 위한 기초자료를 제시하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 최근 영국 BREEAM, 미국 LEED, 독일 DGNB, 일본 CASBEE 등 선진국의 녹색인증기준은 기후변화에 대응하여 BREEAM Communities, LEED Neighborhood Development, DGNB Stadtquartiere, CASBEE Urban Development로 건축물 중심에서 도시 지구 차원으로 확대하여 시범 운영하고 있다. 이에 반해 국내 인증기준은 건축물 중심의 평가체계로 실내환경 및 에너지 부문의 배점비율이 높고, 외부환경에 해당되는 토지이용 및 교통 부문과 생태환경 부문은 배점비율이 낮다. 실제 토지주택연구원에서 인증을 받은 공동주택 79개 단지에 대한 평가점수를 분석한 결과, 실내환경 및 에너지 등 배점이 높은 평가항목에 따라 인증등급이 결정되어 배점이 낮은 외부환경 부문의 평가항목은 실효성이 없는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 녹색건축인증기준이 기후변화 대응을 위한 실천수단으로 역할을 하기 위해서는 외부환경 부문의 평가체계를 보완하고, 나아가 국내 현실을 반영하여 도시 지구 차원의 평가체계 도입을 통해 국제적 인증기준에 부합하는 방향으로 개선해야 한다.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.225-236
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• 2022

도시의 인구 증가와 이에 따른 개발로 인한 도시화는 도시 내 열섬현상과 같은 다양한 환경문제를 유발할 수 있다. 특히 계획적으로 구축되는 신도시의 경우 짧은 기간에 진행되는 급격한 도시화로 인한 도시 기후의 변화를 분석하기에 적절한 연구대상지로 여겨진다. 본 연구에서는 Landsat-8 Operational Land Imager/Thermal Infrared Sensor (OLI/TIRS) 위성영상을 활용하여 세종특별자치시 내 행정중심복합도시의 2013년부터 2020년 개발계획에 의한 토지피복 변화와 이에 따른 표면 열섬현상의 변화를 분석하였다. 이를 위해 위성영상에서 제공하는 열적외선 밴드값과 방사율을 고려하여 지표면온도를 산출하고, 이를 기반으로 표면 열섬현상 강도와 Urban Thermal Field Variance Index (UTFVI)의 변화분석을 수행하였다. 개발이 진행됨에 따른 토지피복 변화 및 피복별 열섬현상 강도의 차이 확인을 위해 환경부에서 제공하는 중분류 토지피복지도를 활용하였다. 분석 결과, 연구지역의 시가화 면적은 15% 증가하였고 자연식생은 28% 이상 줄어든 것이 확인되었다. 또한 이에 따른 열섬현상의 확장 및 강도 증가가 관측되었고, 열섬현상이 발생된 지역의 생태적 수준은 매우 낮은 것을 확인하였다. 본 연구를 통해 급격한 도시화에 따른 열 환경의 정량적 변화 및 생태적 수준을 확인하고, 주거환경의 열 환경 개선을 위한 추가적인 정책의 필요성이 제시될 수 있다.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.69-82
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• 1992

Air pollution in urban areas of Korea is considered in significantly serious level because of population exceeding the capacity and diversified facilities for the activities in socioeconomic field, education, politics and even cultural society in confined areas. Korea is one of the most populated countries and the largest five cities occupy 2.4% of total area but 45% of total population. Patterns of urban air pollution are also changing due to the change of emission sources and fuel usage. Essential recovery of urban environment in Korea has become extremely difficult and necessitates enormous investment. Accurate understanding of problems should be pursued for the efficient and effective improvement of the environment. In this article, air pollution phenomena in urban areas are analyzed mainly with respect to recent urban air pollution trend and pollution sources and possible control strategies are discussed : 1) source control-stationary and mobile, 2) air quality management strategies, 3) research and development.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.247-252
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• 2002

Vegetation and riverine structures were compared among urban and several semi-natural rivers by applying direct gradient analysis and ordination method. Urban rivers showed different species composition from the semi-natural ones. Species composition of semi-natural rivers depended on the geographical positions, such as the upstream, midstream, and downstream and on micro-topographies, such as the waterside, flooding bed, and embankment. Semi-natural rivers showed gentle change in micro-topography, whereas urban one did not so. Our restoration plan to improve the ecological quality of the degraded urban river by imitating semi-natural river was prepared based on those data.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.87-95
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• 2012

Land surface temperature (LST) is an important factor in human health, thermal environment, heat balance, global change studies, and as control for climate change. The objective of this study was to assess the influence of Urban Heat Island (UHI) Effects on the LST and NDVI in Cheongju, Korea. The aim was to evaluate the effect of urban thermal environment for LST comparison of satellite-derived and in situ measured temperature. In this study, LANDSAT TM and KOMPSAT scene were used. The results indicated that the minimum LST is observed over dense forest as about $21{\sim}25^{\circ}C$ and maximum LST is observed over industrial area of about $28{\sim}32^{\circ}C$. The estimated LST showed that industrial area, bare soils and built-up areas exhibit higher surface temperatures, while forest, water bodies, agricultural croplands, and dense vegetations have lower surface temperatures during the summer daytime. Result corroborates the fact that LST over land use/land cover (LULC) types are greatly influenced by the amount of vegetation and water bodies present. The LST of industrial area and urban center is higher than that of suburban area, so it is clearly proved that there are obvious UHIE in Cheongju.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.3-12
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• 2012

Nowadays, interests on Eco-city planning as Solution for problems of energy demand and environmental change has grown. so Eco-city planning became a major political topic for urban planning and urban design in many advanced nation cities. The purpose of this study is to find out the organized characteristics of Eco-City planning by analyzing successful overseas case where wasted historic port area in city is are regenerated with a environment-friendly concept for Eco-City "HafenCity". It is located on Hamburg-mitte in Hamburg, Germany and is currently the largest construction project in Europe. HafenCity as Home to about 12,000 and the workplace of 40,000 people is being created to accommodate a variety of uses including residential buildings, business, office and retail space as well as cultural and leisure facilities. First of all, HafenCity impresses because of its size as well as because of its Urban planning for eco-city. It presents the excellent change from wasted historic port to the ecological urban space.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제29권12호
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• pp.1153-1170
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• 2020

With global warming and the rapid increase in urbanization accompanied by a concentration of population, the urban heat island effects (UHI) have become an important environmental issue. In this study, rooftop greening and permeable asphalt pavement were selected as measures to reduce urban heat island and applied to a simple virtual urban environment to simulate temperature change using ENVI-met. A total of five measures were tested by dividing the partial and whole area application of each measure. The results showed that the temperature range of the base experiment is 33.11-37.11 ℃, with the UTCI comfort level described as strong heat and very strong heat stress. A case applied permeable asphalt has a greater temperature difference than a rooftop greening case, the larger the area where each condition was applied, the greater the temperature change was.

• 한국생태학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생태학회 2002년도 VIII 세계생태학대회
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• pp.113-118
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• 2002

Vegetation and riverine structures were compared among urban and several semi-natural rivers by applying direct gradient analysis and ordination method. Urban rivers showed different species composition from the semi-natural ones. Species composition of semi-natural rivers depended on the geographical positions, such as the upstream, midstream, and downstream and on micro-topographies, such as the waterside, flooding bed, and embankment. Semi-natural rivers showed gentle change in micro-topography, whereas urban one did not so. Our restoration plan to improve the ecological quality of the degraded urban river by imitating semi-natural river was prepared based on those data.