• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국작물학회 2023년도 춘계학술대회
• /
• pp.32-32
• /
• 2023

Cadmium and salt exposure to crops is considered vulnerable for production as well as consumption. To address these challenges, the current study aimed to mitigate the toxicity induced by salt and cadmium in soybean plants through the application of bacterial strain Bacillus safensis KJW143 isolated from the rhizosphere of oriental melon..The bioassay analysis revealed that KJW143 is a highly salt-tolerant and cadmium-resistant (Cd) strain with an innate ability to produce melatonin, gibberellin (GA3), Indole-3-Acetic Acid (IAA), and organic acids (i.e., acetic, succinic, lactic, and propionic acids). Soybean plants at 20 days old were treated with KJW143 in a different form (pellet, broth, and together) and their effect on plant performance was investigated. Inoculation with KJW143enhanced plant biomass and growth attributes in soybean plants compared to the control (non-treated). In particular, we observed that only pellet-treated showed 65%, 27.5%, and 28.7% increase in growth (shoot fresh weight) compared to broth, broth with pellet, and control. In addition, bacterial strain KJW143 treatment (only pellet) modulated the physiochemical apparatus of soybean plants by increasing glucose (390%), arabinose (166%), citric acid (22.98%) and reducing hydrogen peroxide (29.7%), catalase (32.1%), salicylic acid (25.6%) compared to plants with combined stressed plants (cd and salinity). These findings suggest that bacterial strain KJW143 could be usedas a biofertilizer to minimize the probable risk of heavy metal and salinity stress on crops.

• 한국환경농학회지
• /
• 제39권1호
• /
• pp.10-19
• /
• 2020

본 연구에서는 대구·경북지역 36개 폐광산 인근지역에서 생산되는 25개 농산물 1,059건에 대하여 카드뮴, 납, 비소 오염도 조사와 더불어 위험평가를 실시하였다. 정량한계는 카드뮴 0.59 ㎍/kg, 납 0.42 ㎍/kg, 총비소 0.55 ㎍/kg, 무기비소 화학종에서는 arsenite [(As(III)) 1.74 ㎍/kg], arsenate[(As(V)) 2.25 ㎍/kg]이었으며, 직선성은 모두 0.9995 이상으로 나타났고, 무기비소의 함량은 arsenite (As(III))와 arsenate(As(V))의 합으로 하였다. 평균 회수율은 카드뮴 96.3-97.7%, 납 95.8-98.2%, 총비소 96.1-98.0%, arsenite 94.8%, arsenate 115.4% 이었고, C.V.% (Coefficient of Varidation)는 모두 5% 미만으로 나타났다. 농산물의 중금속 평균 함량은 도라지 0.244±0.164 mg/kg, 대파 0.145±0.133 mg/kg, 참깨 0.124±0.136 mg/kg, 고사리 0.109±0.070 mg/kg, 취나물 0.103±0.093 mg/kg, 마늘 0.071±0.063 mg/kg의 순으로 카드뮴의 오염도가 높았고, 납은 참깨 0.040±0.085 mg/kg, 도라지 0.039±0.056 mg/kg, 고구마 0.034±0.058 mg/kg, 들깻잎 0.034±0.016 mg/kg, 호박 0.032±0.065 mg/kg, 매실 0.028±0.012 mg/kg의 순으로 높은 오염도를 보였다. 무기비소는 쌀에 한하여 조사되었는데 평균 0.082±0.035 mg/kg의 오염도를 보였다. 카드뮴의 경우 쌀 1.19×10^-1 ㎍/kg b.w./day(14.37% of PTMI), 대파 2.77×10^-2 ㎍/kg b.w./day(3.34% of PTMI), 감자 2.08×10^-2 ㎍/kg b.w./day(2.51% of PTMI), 사과 1.39×10^-2 ㎍/kg b.w./day(1.67% of PTMI), 양파 1.13×10^-2 ㎍/kg b.w./day(1.37% of PTMI)의 순이었고, 납의 경우 사과 1.29×10^-2 ㎍/kg b.w./day (2.05% of PTWI), 고구마 7.49×10^-3 ㎍/kg b.w./day (1.19% of PTWI), 쌀 7.15×10^-3 ㎍/kg b.w./day (1.14% of PTWI), 호박 5.01×10^-3 ㎍/kg b.w./day (0.79% of PTWI), 양파 4.80×10^-3 ㎍/kg b.w./day (0.76% of PTWI)의 순으로 납 노출량이 높았다. 본 연구의 조사대상 25개 품목 농산물을 모두 일시에 섭취한다고 가정하였을 경우, 카드뮴은 PTMI 대비 28.21%, 납은 PTWI 대비 7.94%, 무기비소는 쌀 단일품목에 한해 PTWI 대비 15.16%의 위해도를 보임으로써, 본 연구에서 진행하였던 중금속에 대한 인체 위해정도는 우려할 수준이 아닌 것으로 확인되었다.

• 한국식품과학회지
• /
• 제43권5호
• /
• pp.525-531
• /
• 2011

본 연구에서는 식육의 중금속 기준규격 설정을 위하여 다소비 식품인 소, 돼지, 닭, 오리, 햄 및 소시지에 대하여 중금속 함량을 조사하였다. 국내 유통 중 식육 및 식육 가공품 총 466건을 2008년 5월부터 11월까지 구입하고 납, 카드뮴, 비소 및 수은의 함량을 분석하였다. 시료의 분해를 위해 관련 전처리 방법을 비교하여 검증된 중금속 분석법을 찾고자 하였으며, 이를 근거로 소, 돼지, 닭, 오리, 햄 및 소시지 6종류의 시료에 대하여 납, 카드뮴, 비소 및 수은을 모니터링하고 안전성 평가를 위해, 수집된 자료와 식이섭취량으로 JECFA의 주간잠정섭취허용량와 비교 분석하고자 하였다. 전처리법으로 비교한 습식 분해법과 마이크로웨이브법은 회수율이 모두 80% 이상이며 재현성(RSD)은 10% 미만으로 나타났으나 전처리 시간과 조작의 편리성에서 마이크로웨이브법이 나은 것으로 판단되었다. 따라서 납, 카드뮴, 비소의 경우 산 혼합액을 사용한 마이크로웨이브법으로 시료를 전처리하여 ICP-MS로 분석하였고, 수은은 수은분석기를 사용하여 직접 분석하였다. 전반적으로 낮게 검출된 원소는 카드뮴과 수은이었으며, 납과 비소는 상대적으로 높게 나타났다. 납의 경우 평균함량이 식육은 0.006-0.010 mg/kg이었고, 식육가공품은 0.005-0.009 mg/kg이었다. 카드뮴의 경우 평균함량이 식육은 0.000-0.001 mg/kg이었고, 식육가공품은 0.001-0.002 mg/kg이었다. 비소의 경우 평균함량이 식육은 0.004-0.021 mg/kg이었고, 식육가공품은 0.014-0.018 mg/kg이었다. 그리고 수은 함량은 식육에서 0.710-0.902 ${\mu}g/kg$이었고, 식육가공품은 1.052-1.141 ${\mu}g/kg$이었다. 안전성 평가를 위해 본 연구에서 측정된 모니터링 자료를 이용하여 JECFA(Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)의 주간잠정섭취허용량(Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake, PTWI)와 비교하여 노출량을 평가한 결과, 본 사업에서 검출된 중금속 함량은 비교적 안전한 수준으로 확인할 수 있었다.

• 유기물자원화
• /
• 제14권3호
• /
• pp.110-116
• /
• 2006

본 연구에서는 재조합 대장균으로 부터 Organophosphorus Hydrolase (OPH)를 이용하여 유기인 살충제 화합물인 paraoxon의 생분해 속도를 향상시켰다. OPH의 비 활성도 (Specific whole cell OPH Activity)를 증가시키기 위한 배지의 최적 조건은 초기 pH 8.5의 조절과 5.0 % acetone 첨가가 필요하다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한, 이 최적의 조건에서 498 Unit/L의 OPH가 생산될 때, 275 mg/L paraoxon은 반응 10분 동안 98% 생분해 효율을 나타내었고, 그 결과 생분해 속도를 $29.2mg/g{\cdot}min$까지 향상시킬 수 있었다. 이러한 실험 결과들은 지하수 또는 토양에 잔류하는 유기인 살충제를 빠른 시간 안에 효과적으로 생분해시키는 실질적인 생물 복원 기술로 사용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 대한화학회지
• /
• 제25권3호
• /
• pp.160-165
• /
• 1981

2-비닐피리딘계의 세가지 종류의 고분자물질을 합성하여 그들의 구조를 적외선 흡수 스펙트럼으로 확인한 결과, 2-비닐피리딘-디비닐벤젠의 삼중합체임을 알 수 있었다. 또한 2-비닐피리딘-아세트산비닐-디비닐벤젠의 삼중합체는 $98{\circ}C$에서 50분간 반응시킬 때 가장좋은 수율을 나타냈다. 특히 합성된 삼중합체중, 2-비닐피리딘-비닐알코올-디비닐벤젠과, 2-비닐피리딘-인산비닐-디비닐벤젠은 2-비닐피리딘-아세트산비닐-디비닐벤젠보다 큰 이온교환용량을 가지며, 2-비닐피리딘-비닐알코올-디비닐벤젠과 2-비닐피리딘-인산비닐-디비닐벤젠의 이온교환용량은 각각, 3.69 meq/g 및 5.38 meq/g이었다. 마지막으로 Mg(Ⅱ), Co(Ⅱ) 및 Cd(Ⅱ)금속이온에 대한 흡착능을 알아보았다.

• 한국가금학회지
• /
• 제12권2호
• /
• pp.75-82
• /
• 1985

본 연구는 육계의 주요경제형질에 대한 교배단계별 잡종강세효과 및 결합능력을 추정하여 우량한 교배조합을 선발하고 이들 계통을 이용, 우수한 국산실용계를 작출하고저 White Cornish 2계통(A,B)과 White Plymouth Rock 2계통(C, D)을 이용 2원교배종 3조합 270수, 4원교배종 2조합 180수를 생산 총 810수로 1985년 10월 3일부터 동년 11월 28일까지 8주간 수행하였다. 잡종강세발현율을 보면 순종에 비해 4원교배종이 생존율에서 1.63%, 8주령체중에서는 5.47%, 8주령까지의 증체량은 5.57% 그리고 사료효율은 -5.98%의 효과를 보였다. 일반결합능력에서는 어느 계통에서나 유의성이 인정되지 않았으나 A계통의 효과가 다른 계통보다 높았고 특수결합능력은 조사형질 전체에서 고도의 유의차(P〈0.01)를 나타냈는데 특히 AB와 CD의 교배조합에서 그 효과가 높은 것으로 나타났다.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
• /
• 제3권2호
• /
• pp.98-107
• /
• 1997

To determine whether bile juice exclusion can prevent the mucosal damage, and Insulin-like growth factor-I can promote mucosal regeneration in ischemia-reperfusion injury of the bowel, 39 weanling rats with 10 cm of Thiry-Vella loop were studied. Animal groups were; Control, BL(common bile duct ligation), IGF{insulin-like growth factor-I(IGF-I) infusion} and IGF-BL(combined treatment). IGF-I(1.5 mg/kg/day) was continuously delivered through a subcutaneously implanted miniosmotic pump. After 15 minutes of superior mesenteric artery clamping, a tissue specimen(P) was taken after 30 minutes of reperfusion. Intestinal continuity was restored to allow oral feeding. A specimen of main tract(M) and another of the Thiry-Vella loop(T) were collected for histomorphometry after 48 hours of reperfusion and free feeding. Villus size ratio(VSR), crypt depth(CD), crypt-depth/villus-height ratio(CVR) and injury score(IS) were measured in 15 consecutive villi. The postoperative mortalities of bile duct ligation groups(BL and IGF-BL) were higher than those of other groups. In control group, VSR of M was lower(P<0.05) than P or T, but not in the other groups. VSR of M in control was lower than those in other groups. CD of T in control, IGF and IGF-BL group were higher than those of M. CD of M and T showed gradual increments from control, IGF and IGF-BL group, respectively. CVR of M and T in IGF group were higher than those in control. CVR in IGF-BL group, T was higher than M, and M was higher than P. About IS, M of BL($20.1{\pm}2.5$) and IGF-BL($20.9{\pm}3.3$) groups were significantly lower than that of control($32.4{\pm}2.5$). These results suggest that the exclusion of bile juice reduces the severity of the reperfusion injury of the mucosa, by inability to activate pancreatic enzymes and IGF-I stimulates mucosal regeneration in injured bowel, and the effect is potentiated by bile juice exclusion.

• 한국토양비료학회지
• /
• 제50권5호
• /
• pp.472-481
• /
• 2017

Agricultural field near at the abandoned metal mine and industrial area has a high possibility to be polluted by heavy metals. However, concern about chemical properties including heavy metal concentration has been increased and biological properties such as soil respiration has been minimal in heavy metal polluted field. Therefore, main objective of this research was to evaluate soil respiration as an indicator of heavy metal pollution in agricultural field. Total of 60 sampling sites including each 30 sites of abandoned metal mine and industrial area were selected and heavy metal concentration, soil respiration, and chemical properties were measured. Results showed that heavy metal concentration in metal mine area was ranged Cu: $6.21~85.23mg\;kg^{-1}$, Pb: $23.84{\sim}1,044.72mg\;kg^{-1}$, As: $1.88{\sim}691.44mg\;kg^{-1}$, Zn: $18.72{\sim}527.55mg\;kg^{-1}$, Cd: $0.58{\sim}4.27mg\;kg^{-1}$, and Cu: $0.29{\sim}30.62mg\;kg^{-1}$, Pb: $4.41{\sim}19.77mg\;kg^{-1}$, As: $2.23{\sim}11.76mg\;kg^{-1}$, Zn $39.98{\sim}109.59mg\;kg^{-1}$, Cd $0.29{\sim}0.57mg\;kg^{-1}$ for industrial area respectively. While no sampling site was exceed the threshold value of each heavy metals in industrial field, metal mine area was highly polluted with Pb, As, Zn, and Cd. Soil respiration in the metal mine and industrial area was ranged $12.05{\sim}299.80mg\;O_2\;kg^{-1}$ and $27.68{\sim}330.94mg\;O_2\;kg^{-1}$, respectively. Correlation analysis between heavy metal concentration in soil and soil respiration showed that negative correlation was observed in metal mine area while no correlation was observed in industrial area. This result might indicate that as heavy metal concentration was increased, microbial activity in soil was decreased resulting decrease of soil respiration rate. Overall, soil respiration can be used as indicator of heavy metal pollution in soil and more biological properties need to be evaluated to better understand heavy metal pollution in soil.

• Journal of Magnetics
• /
• 제11권2호
• /
• pp.98-102
• /
• 2006

It was examined in this study that magnetic beads, which are assumed to be environmentally functional, could be effective in processing heavy metals that are water pollutants. For the purpose, magnetic beads containing carboxyl groups, which has strong binding force with heavy metals, are mixed with each Cd, Pb, Ni, Cu and Cr(III) solution, then stirred in pH 6. As a results of the process, it was proven that heavy metals bind quickly with magnetic beads through the reaction. In order to analyze heavy metal concentration, magnetic beads bind with heavy metal were collected by external magnetic force and dissolved in acid. The graphite furnace AAS was used to get heavy metal concentration melted in the acid solution. The results showed that heavy metal extractions by magnetic beads were influenced by the type and the concentration of a heavy metal, and over 90% of a heavy metal can be extracted in ppm level save for Cr(III). It was also examined in the study whether heavy metal extraction is influenced when other ions exist in each heavy metal solution. According to experiment, adding other heavy metals to a solution did have little influence on extracting an intended heavy metal. But in case salt or heavy metal chelate was added, Ni extraction changed sensitively although extracting other heavy metals were influenced only when the concentration of an added substance is high. In conclusion, it was shown that magnetic beads could be used to treat wastewater with relatively high heavy metal concentration.

• 한국환경과학회지
• /
• 제8권3호
• /
• pp.387-391
• /
• 1999

$Pb^{2+}$ and $Cr^{3+}$ uptake capacity by Sargassum horneri was 185.5 mg $Pb^{2+}$/g biomass and 102.6 mg $Cr^{3+}$/g biomass, respectively. An adsorption equilibria were reached within about 0.5 hr for $Pb^{2+}$ and 1 hr for $Cr^{3+}$. The adsorption parameters for $Pb^{2+}$ and $Cr^{3+}$ were determined according to Langmuir and Freundlich model. With an increase in pH values of 2 to 5, $Pb^{2+}$ uptake was increased, however $Cr^{3+}$ uptake jwas constant. The selectivity of mixture solution showed the uptake order of $Pb^{2+}$>$Cu^{2+}$>$Cr^{3+}$>$Cd^{2+}$. $Pb^{2+}$ and $Cr^{3+}$ adsorbed by S. horneri could be recovered from 0.1M HCl, 0.1M ${HNO}_3$ and 0.1M EDTA by desorption process, and the efficiency of $Pb^{2+}$ desorption was above 98%, whereas the efficiency of $Cr^{3+}$ desorption was below 34%.