• 유기물자원화
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.118-127
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• 2005

가축분뇨를 처리하는데 있어 최선의 방법은 퇴비화처리 후에 유기성 비료자원으로서 경작지에 환원하는 것이다. 본 연구의 수행목적은 우분 발효퇴비와 돈분 발효퇴비를 펠렛화 했을 때의 물리, 화학적 특성변화를 고찰함으로써 펠렛화를 통한 가축분 발효퇴비의 이용성 개선가능성 여부를 판단하는 것이다. 가축분 발효퇴비의 펠렛가공에 가장 적합한 수분함량은 40% 내외이었다. 결착제로 사용된 점토 혼합비율이 부피비 기준으로 15% 이상일 때부터 펠렛 가공정도가 개선되는 효과가 있었다. 돈분 발효퇴비의 경우, 원료퇴비 중에 건물기준으로 2.05%, 1.89% 그리고 1.31% 이었던 N, P, K 함량이 펠렛 가공처리 후 각각 1.96% 1.73% 과 0.89%로 변화하였다. 우분발효 퇴비 중의 N, P, K 함량은 각각 2.52%, 1.01% 그리고 2.98% 수준이었다가 펠렛 가공처리 후에는 2.45%, 1.10% 그리고 2.93%로 변화하였다. 퇴비중의 Pb, Cd, As 그리고 Hg 함량의 경우 펠렛가공 전후에 차이를 거의 보이지 않았다. 펠렛 가공처리 후 자연 상태에서 건조된 펠렛의 경우, 물에 침수하였을 때 30분 이내에 완전히 해체되었으나 $70^{\circ}C$의 드라이오븐에서 24시간 동안 건조된 펠렛의 경우 완전해체되는데 960분이 소요되었다. 저장시간이 경과함에 따라 펠렛의 부피와 중량이 감소하여 30일 경과 후에는 무게는 15%정도, 부피는 17~25% 정도 감소하였다.

• 한국자기공명학회논문지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.1-20
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• 2005

Vanadium-incorporated aluminophophate molecular sieve VH-SAPO-11 has been studied by electron spin resonanace (ESR) and electron spin echo modulation (ESEM) spectroscopies to determine the vanadium locatin and interaction with various adsorbate molecules. As-synthsized VH-SAPO-11 contains only vanady1 species with distored octahral coordination. After calcinations in $O_2$ and exposure to moisture, only species A is observed with reduced intensities. Species A is suggested as a VO$(H_2O)_2^{2+$} complex coordinate to three framwork oxygen bonded to aluminum. When calcined, hydrate VH-SAPO-11 is dehydrated at elevated temperature, species A loses it water ligands and transforms to $VO^{2+}$ ions coordinated to three framework oxygens (species B). Species B reduces its intensities significantly after treatment with $O_2$at high temperature, thus suggesting oxidation of $v^{4+}$to $v^{5+}$. When dehydrated VH-SAPO-11 contacts with $D_2O$ at room temperature, the ESR signal of species A is observed. This species assumed as a $VO(O_f)_3(D_2O)_2$, by considering 3 framework oxygens. Adsorption of deuterated methanol on dehydrated VH-SAPO-11 results in another new vanadium species D, which is identified as a $VO(CD_{3}OH)$ complex. When deuterated ethanol is adsorbed on dehydrated VH-SAPO-11, another new vanadium species E identified as a $VO(C_{2}H_{5}OD)^{2+}$, is observed. When deuterated propanol is adsorbed on dehydrated VH-SAPO-11, a new vanadium species F identified as a $VO(C_{3}H_{7}OD)$, is observed. Possible coordination geometries of these various complexes are discussed.

• 콘크리트학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.143-151
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• 1997

전기로 집진 분진상의 중금속(Pb, $Cr^{6+}$, Cu, Cd, Zn)을 함침시킨 규조토를 열처리방법($750^{\circ}C$-30분)으로 활성화하였다. 활성규조토로 일반시멘트 모르터의 시멘트양을 중량비로 0%, 2.5%, 5.0%, 10%, 20%까지 대체하고 압축강도와 화학저항성을 조사하였다. 화학저항성 조사에는 습윤건조반복실험(Wetting /Drying Cycle)과 화학침식저항성($H_2SO_4,\; CaCl_2,\; MgSO_4$)이 포함되었다. 결과에 의하면 일반시멘트 모르터에 활성규조토를 시멘트에 10%까지 치환하여 갈수록 압축강도(28일)는 증가하였다. 최고의 압축강도는 활성규조토가 10%까지 치환하였을 때 $496kgf/cm^2$이었으며, 활성규조토가 전혀 혼합되지 아니한 시멘트 모르터의 압축강도($391kgf/cm^2$)보다 약 275까지 증가되었다. 이때 중금속들은 99% 이상의 고정율을 보였으며 Wet/Dry cycle 및 화학침식저항성에서도 활성규조토가 혼합된 시멘트 모르터가 일반 시멘트 모르터보다 훨씬 높은 저항성을 보였다.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.17-26
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• 1999

We present the first speech coarticulation database of Korean, English and Konglish/sup 3)/ named "SORIDA"/sup 4)/, which is designed to cover the maximum number of representations of coarticulation in these languages [1]. SORIDA features a compact database which is designed to contain a maximum number of triphones in a minimum number of prompts. SORIDA contains all consonantal triphones and vowel allophones in 682 Korean prompts of word length and in 717 English prompt words, spoken five times by speakers of balanced genders, dialects and ages. Korean prompts are synthesized lexicons which maximize their coarticulation variation disregarding any stress phenomena, while English prompts are natural words that fully reflect their stress effects with respect to the coarticulation variation. The prompts are designed differently because English phonology has stress while Korean does not. An intermediate language, Konglish has also been modeled by two Korean speakers reading 717 English prompt words. Recording was done in a controlled laboratory environment with an AKG Model C-100 microphone and a Fostex D-5 digital-audio-tape (DAT) recorder. The total recording time lasted four hours. SORIDA CD-ROM is available in one disk of 22.05 kHz sampling rate with a 16 bit sample size. SORIDA digital audio-tapes are available in four 124-minute-tapes of 48 kHz sampling rate. SORIDA′s list of phonetically-rich-words is also available in English and Korean.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.166-175
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• 2011

The efficiency of three concentrations (0.05, 0.1, and 0.2%) of Ganghwayakssuk (Artemisia princeps Pamp.) extract on the susceptibility of raw chicken nugget batter to lipid oxidation was investigated after 0, 3, 7, and 10 d of refrigerated storage at $4^{\circ}C$. The pH and yellowness values of all treatments were higher than those of the control (p<0.05). Additionally, the lightness and redness values of all treatments were lower than those of the control and as the amount of Ganghwayakssuk ethanolic extracts increased. At the end of the storage period (10 d), the peroxide values (POV), conjugated dienes (CD), and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) values were lower than those of the control. The results show that Ganghwayakssuk prevents lipid oxidation in raw chicken nugget batter.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회논문집E
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• pp.672-677
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• 2001

This study has been conducted to design the high efficiency centrifugal compressor for a HFC-134a. The 2-stage centrifugal compressor consists of inlet guide vanes, two impellers with splitters, a deswirler, a vaneless diffuser and a volute casing. We have designed the high efficiency centrifugal compressor by applying the repeated design procedure including a meanline design, a 3D geometry generation of 1st and 2nd impellers etc. Also, a fluid dynamic calculation of impellers and deswirler have been conducting using a commercial code STAR-CD.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2004년도 Asia Display / IMID 04
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• pp.808-811
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• 2004

A full-color AMOLED display with an RGBW color filter pattern has been fabricated. Displays with this format require about $^1/_2$ the power of analogous RGB displays. RGBW and RGB 2.16inch diagonal displays with average power consumptions of 180 mW and 340 mW, respectively, are demonstrated for a set of standard digital still camera images at a luminance of 100 cd/$m^2$. In both cases, a white-emitting AMOLED is used as the light source. The higher efficiency of the RGBW format results because a large fraction of a typical image can be represented as white, and the white sub-pixel in an RGBW AMOLED display is highly efficient because of the absence of any color filter. RGBW and RGB AMOLED displays have the same color gamut and, aside from the power consumption difference, are indistinguishable.

• 한국산학기술학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국산학기술학회 2002년도 춘계학술발표논문집
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• pp.67-69
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• 2002

주얼리 제품에서 마스터패턴 제작비는 최종제품의 20% 정도로 전체 주얼리제품 시장에서 매우 큰 비중을 차지한다. 기존 주얼리 제품을 제작하는 일반 공정인 ‘디자인 시안→상세도면 제작→1왁스형 제작→석고 플라스크 제작→은 마스터패턴의 제작→왁스패턴의 대량생산→정밀주조→최종제품’의 복잡한 단계를 ‘CAD 디자인 시안→쾌속조형기 듀라폼 음각몰드 제작→저융점 합금으로 마스터패턴 제작→정밀주조→최종제품’의 공정으로 단순화하면서도 대폭시간을 단축할 수 있는 신공정을 제안하였다. 주요공정인 selective laster sintering (SLS)형 쾌속조형기(rapid prototype: RP)를 이용해서 분해온도가 190℃인 듀라폼 분말로 미리 3D CAD로 설계한 직경 20mm의 구, 링 요소를 각각 상하형의 합체형 몰드와 일체형 몰드로 제작하였다. 제작된 몰드에 융점이 70℃인 Pb-Sn-Bi-Cd 저융점 합금을 주입하여 마스터패턴을 제조하였다. 완성된 마스터패턴은 목표형상에 비해 치수 변형율이 2% 이내로 우수하고 주입공정 및 후가공공정이 용이하여 주얼리용 마스터패턴으로 응용이 가능하였다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2002년도 하계학술대회 논문집 Vol.3 No.2
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• pp.1034-1037
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• 2002

In this study, we fabricated red organic electrolu-minescent device with a doping material (DCJTB), and The cell structure used ITO:indium tin oxide $[20{\Omega}]$/CuPc:Hole injection layer 20nm/NPB: Hole transfer layer 40nm/$Alq_3$ (host) + DCJTB(1% or 3%) (guest) Emitting layer 40nm/$Alq_3$ : Electron transfer layer 30nm/Al :Cathode layer 150nm. the luminescent layer consisted of a host material. 8-hydrozyquinoline aluminum $(Alq_3)$, and DCJTB dye as the dopant. a stable red emission (chromaticity coordinates : x=0.64, y=0.36) was obtained in this cell with the luminance range of $100-600cd/m^2$. we study the electrical and optical properties of devices.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2003년도 International Meeting on Information Display
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• pp.885-886
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• 2003

A bilayer is used as an anode electrode for organic electroluminescent devices. The bilayer consist of an ultrathjn ZnO layer adjacent to an hole-transporting layer and an Indium tin oxide(ITO) outerlayer. We tried to bring low the barrier between the devices as deposited ZnO films on ITO substrates. We fabricated the organic EL structure consisted of Al as cathode, $Al_{2}O_{3}$ as electro transport layer, Alq3 as luminously layer, triphenyl diamine(TPD) as hole transport layer and ZnO(l nm )/ITO(l50 nm) as anode. The result of this experiment was not good compared with the case of using ITO, Nevertheless, at this structure we obtained the lowest turn-on voltage as the value of 19 V and the good brightness (6200 $cd/m^{2}$) of the emission light from the devices. Then the quantum efficiency was to be 1.0%.