• 전자진흥
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.17-19
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• 1994

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권8호
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• pp.3727-3731
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• 2016

Background: The most common type of ocular lymphoma is non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), categorized into two groups: indolent (slow growing) and aggressive (rapid growing). Differentiating benign reactive lymphoid hyperplasia (RLH) from malignant ocular adnexal lymphoma (OAL) is challenging. Histopathology, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and flow cytometry have been used as diagnostic tools in such cases. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective case series, from 2002 to 2013 at Farabi Eye Center, 110 patients with ocular lymphoproliferative disease were enrolled. Prevalence, anatomical locations, mean age at diagnosis and the final diagnosis of the disease with IHC were assessed. Comparison between previous pathologic diagnoses and results of IHC was made. Immunoglobulin light chains and B-cell and T-cell markers and other immuno-phenotyping markers including CD20, CD3, CD5, CD23, CD10, CYCLIND1 and BCL2 were evaluated to determine the most accurate diagnosis. The lymphomas were categorized based on revised European-American lymphoma (REAL) classification. Results: Mean age ${\pm}$ SD (years) of the patients was $55.6{\pm}19.3$ and 61% were male. Patients with follicular lymphoma, large B-cell lymphoma or chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small cell lymphoma (CLL/SLL) tended to be older. Nine patients with previous diagnoses of low grade B-cell lymphoma were re-evaluated by IHC and the new diagnoses were as follows: extranodal marginal zone lymphoma(EMZL) (n=1), SLL(n=1), mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) (n=3), reactive lymphoid hyperplasia RLH (n=2). Two cases were excluded due to poor blocks. Flow cytometry reports in these seven patients revealed SLL with positive CD5 and CD23, MCLwith positive CD5 and CyclinD1 and negative CD23, EMZL with negative CD5,CD23 and CD10. One RLH patient was negative for Kappa/Lambda and positive for CD3 and CD20 and the other was positive for all of the light chains, CD3 and CD20. Orbit (49.1%), conjunctiva (16.1%) and lacrimal glands (16.1%) were the most common sites of involvement. Conclusions: Accurate pathological classification of lesions is crucial to determine proper therapeutic approaches. This can be achieved through precise histologic and IHC analyses by expert pathologists.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.28-35
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• 2008

목 적: 종양 괴사 인자(TNF-${\alpha}$)에 대한 단 클론 항체인 infliximab으로 소아의 난치성 크론병에서의 치료와 관해 유도 치료제로서의 효과에 대한 치료 경험을 보고 하고자 한다. 방 법: 2001년 3월부터 2007년 8월까지 삼성서울병원에서 크론병으로 진단 받은 소아 청소년 중 기존 약제에 관해 유도되지 않는 불응성 크론병(스테로이드 의존성 포함)과 중증 활성 크론병을 가진 16명에서 infliximab (Remicade$^{(R)}$) 5 mg/kg를 관해 유도(0, 2, 8주) 주입하였으며 필요한 경우 8주 간격의 유지 치료를 시행하였고 누공성 크론병의 경우 누공의 상태에 따라 비정기적으로 주입하였다. 대상 환자들의 특징 및 치료 전 후의 질병 활성도, Hct, ESR, CRP, albumin을 paired t test를 이용하여 비교하였다. 결 과: 16명의 남녀비는 13/3이고 중앙 연령은 13세 (21개월~15세)였다. 투여 적응증은 불응성 크론병 7명(스테로이드 의존성 3명 포함), 중증 활성형 크론병의 관해 유도 7명, 누공성 크론병 2명이었다. Infliximab 투여 횟수는 평균 5.19${\pm}$3.41회(3~15회)였고 크론병 진단 후 infliximab 치료 시행까지의 기간 중앙값은 6.5개월(1개월~54개월)이었다. 환자들의 infliximab 투여 전PCDAI (pediatric crohn disease activity index)는 평균 34.19${\pm}$14.96이었으며 마지막 투여 후 2~4주 이내 PCDAI는 6.88${\pm}$10.31로 투여 후 통계적으로 유의한 호전을 보였다(p=0.000). 다른 혈액학적 표지자로 ESR (p=0.000), serum albumin (p=0.016), CRP (p=0.009)가 투여 전후로 의미 있는 호전을 보였으며 적혈구 용적률 (hematocrit)의 호전은 통계적으로 유의하지 않았다(p=0.075). 고식적인 치료에 관해 유도 되지 않았던 난치성 환자 4명 중 2명에서 관해 유도가 가능하였으며 스테로이드 의존성 환자 3명 중 2명에서 스테로이드 중단 1명에서 스테로이드 감량이 가능하였다. 누공이 동반되거나 중등도 이상의 크론병에서 스테로이드를 포함하는 다른 면역 조절제 사용 전에 top-down 요법을 시행한 7명 모두에서 6주 이내에 관해가 되었다. 난치성 누공 치료에서도 10명 중 9명에서 호전되었다. 결 론: Infliximab을 사용하여 소아 불응성 크론병에서 관해 유도와 유지 및 스테로이드 감량 또는 중단이 가능하였으며 중등도 이상의 크론병에서 top-down 관해 요법으로도 비교적 효과적이었다. 앞으로 장기간의 추적 관찰을 통한 효과 판정 및 부작용 관찰을 요한다.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.223-228
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• 2003

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of vitamin E on the cadmium contents of bone and on the calcium and phosphorous contents of the blood, urine and feces. Male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 100$\pm$10g were randomly assigned to one normal group and three cadmium poisoned groups. The cadmium poisoned groups consisted of a vitamin E free diet (Cd-0E) group; a 40 mg vitamin E /kg diet (Cd-40E) group; and a 400 mg/kg diet (Cd-400E) group. Experimental animals were maintained on their respective diets for 20 weeks and were simultaneously administered 50 ppm $Cd^{2+}$ dissolved in the drinking water. At the end of the trial, the average hematocrit value in the Cd-0E group was 28.13% lower than in the normal group. However, the average hematocrit value in the Cd-400E group was significantly higher than in the Cd-0E and Cd-40E groups. WBC levels in the cadmium-poisoned groups were lower than in the normal group, but Cd-400E group levels were significantly higher than in the Cd-0E and Cd-40E groups. The contents of calcium of tibia has no significant difference between normal group and cadmium exposed group at $10^{th}$ week After 20 weeks, the calcium contents of the tibia in the Cd-0E and Cd-40E groups were lower than in the normal group by 25.5% and 22.1 %, respectively, although the calcium contents of the tibia in the Cd-400E group were higher than in the normal group. After 10 weeks, the calcium contents of the femur in the Cd-0E and Cd-40E groups were 19.25% and 15.45% lower than in the normal group, respectively, but the calcium contents of the femur in the Cd-400E group were at the same levels as in the normal group. The levels of calcium in the femur after 20 weeks were similar to the 10-week levels. Calcium levels of the urine in the Cd-0E and Cd-40E groups were 3.92 fold and 2.92 fold higher, respectively, than in the normal group, but levels in the Cd-400E group were significantly lower than in either the Cd-0E group or the Cd-40E group. Calcium levels of the feces in cadmium-poisoned groups were significantly higher than in the normal group, although levels in the Cd-400E group were significantly lower than in the Cd-0E and Cd-40E groups. Phosphorous levels of the blood in the Cd-0E group were 17% lower than in the normal group, although levels in the Cd-400E group were significantly higher than in the Cd-0E group. Phosphorous levels of the urine in the Cd-0E and Cd-40E groups were significantly higher than in the normal group, while Cd-400E group levels were found to be at the same level as in the normal group. Cadmium contents of the tibia in the Cd-40E and Cd-400E groups were 13% and 17% lower, respectively, than in the Cd-0E group. Regarding cadmium levels in the femur, only the Cd-400E group achieved lower levels (10% lower) than the Cd-0E group. In conclusion, vitamin E supplementation resulted in a suppression of the release of calcium from bone, and a reduction in the excretion of calcium via the urine and feces, thus having a normalizing effect on calcium metabolism in rats with chronic cadmium poisoning.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.221-250
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• 2000

In order to investigate experimentally that the effect of aqua-acupuncture solution of Paeonia lactiflora on arthritis of mice induced by collagenII, the author performed several experimental items : that is increase, paw thickness, DTH, weight of spleen, hematological change, expression of $CD4^+$, $CD8^+$, $CD19^+$, gene expression of IL-1, IL-6, IL-12, IFN-${\gamma}$, TNF, proliferation of synovial cells and cytotoxicity. The results were obtained as follows; 1. Inhibitory effects of aqua-acupuncture solution of Paeonia lactiflora on arthritis induced by collgenII. 1) In incidence, paw edema, AI and DTH were inhibited as compared with control group. 2) The splenic weight was increased and the number of leukocytes was decreased as compared with control group. 3) The number of $CD4^+$, $CD8^+$ activated cells and surface-receptor expression were increased as compared with control group. 4) In hematological change, total protein, creatinine and LDH were decreased significantiy as compared with control group. 2. FACS analysis on normal BABL/c of spenic cells treated with aqua-acupuncture solution of Paeonia lactiflora. 1) Aqua-acupuncture solution of Paeonia lactiflora activated adhesive splenic cells of mice morphologically in vitro. 2) Aqua-acupuncture solution of Paeonia dactiflora enhanced the gene expression of IL-12 and also enhanced that of interferon-${\gamma}$ remarkably. 3) Aqua-acupuncture solution of Paeonia lactiflora reduced the number of $CD4^+$, $CD8^+$, $CD19^+$ activated cells and their surface-receptor expression as compared with control group. 3. Effects of aqua-acupuncture solution of Paeonia lactiflora on human synovial cells. 1) In cytotoxicity against synovial cells, aqua-acupuncture solution of Paeonia lactiflora didn't show cytotoxicity at concentration of $10-100{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ but showed significantly at concentration of $200-400{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ as compared with control group. 2) Aqua-acupuncture solution of Paeonia lactiflora reduced the gene expression of IL-6, IL-$1{\beta}$ and TNF-${\alpha}$. 3) Aqua-acupuncture solution of Paeonia lactiflora inhibited proliferation of synovial cells at concentration of 100 and $200{\mu}g/m{\ell}$.

• 한국자기학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.168-172
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• 2016

MRI 검사실의 최적환경을 목적으로 검사실 및 모니터의 휘도와 조도를 측정하였다. 대학병원(n = 6)의 MRI(n = 10)에서 휘도와 조도를 Unfors Xi Light Probe(Unfors Instruments AB, Billdal, Sweden)를 이용하여 측정하였다. 휘도는 black level과 white level을 조도는 모니터의 측면의 중앙에서 3회 반복하여 평균과 표준편차를 구하여 t-test를 이용하여 유의성 검정의 통계적 처리를 하였다. 모니터 휘도는 black level에서 평균 $1.78cd/m^2$, 표준편차 $0.85cd/m^2$이었고, white level에서는 평균 $43.58cd/m^2$, 표준편차 $13.19cd/m^2$로 측정되었다. MRI 검사실 조도는 최저값 30.5 lux, 최대값 601.3 lux, 평균 177.86 lux로 측정되었고, 휘도와 조도는 통계학적으로 유의한 차이가 있다(p < .05). MRI 모니터 및 검사실 휘도와 조도의 권고 기준을 참고하여 최적인 환경을 조성하도록 한다.

• 대한세포병리학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.106-115
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• 1995

Reactive humsn mesothelial cells were examined by immunocytochemical stain with intermediate filaments (cytokeratin [CK1, CK7, CK8, CK18, CD19), vimentin, desmin, actin), epithelial membrane antigen, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), MHC class II antigen (HLA-DR), LeuM-1 (CD15), $\alpha1-antitrypsin$(ACT), $\alpha1-antichymotrypsin$ (ACHT), CD68(KP-1) and FcyRIII(CD16). The mesothelial cells were isolated from patients with liver cirrhosis and pleural effusion, and short-term cultured in RPMI 1640 media containing 10% heat inactivated fetal calf serum and 1% identical supernatant fluid of the patients' transudates. The results obtained are as follows 1. The cultured-reactive mesothelial cells were positive for the protein of cytoskeleton such as cytokeratin and vimentin, but negative for desmin and actin. The resting mesothelial cells showed positive reactions for cylokeratin, but negative for vimentin, desmin and actin. 2. The primary antibodies to the cytokeratin were strongly reactive for CK1, CK8 and CK18 but negative for CK7 and CK19 in both reactive and resting mesothelial cells. 3. Resting mesothelial cells showed negative reactions for CEA, but strong positive reactions in cultured-reactive mesothelial cells. 4. The markers for the monocytes/histiocytes(CD11b, CD14, CD16, CD68, Iysozyme and $\alpha1-antitrypsin$ and $\alpha1-antichymotrypsin$) were nonreactive in resting mesothelial cells, but lysozyme and $\alpha1-antitrypsin$ were weakly reactive in reactive and proliferative mesothelial cells. 5. MHC Class II molecule(HLA-DR antigen) was negative in both resting and reactive mesothelial cells. These results suggest that the short-term cultured, reactive mesothelial cells show a newly aberrant expression of the vimentin and calcine-embryonic antigen. The reason of the aberrant expression of the intermediate filament and oncofetal antigen in reactive and proliferative mesothelial cells should be further evaluated.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 1999

This study was performed to investigate the contents of the heavy metals such as cadmium(Cd), copper(Cu), iron(Fe), lead(Pb) and zinc(Zn) in meat and meat products. For this experiment, each 20 samples of beef and pork were collected at slaughterhouse in Seoul areas and 45 samples of meat products(ham, sausage, processed meat and seasoned meat) were purchased from commercial food markets. The contents of the heavy metals was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry from Jan. to Nov. In 1998. The results obtained were summarized as follows ; 1. In Korean native beef, mean values of the heavy metals(mg/kg) were Pb : 0.14$\pm$0.10, Cd : 0.07$\pm$0.02, Cu : 1.73$\pm$0.95, Zn : 42.82$\pm$8.17 and Fe : 67.43$\pm$24.18, respectively. 2. In imported beef, mean values of the heavy metals(mg/kg) were Pb : 0.03$\pm$0.08, Cd : 0.06$\pm$0.02, Cu : 1.41$\pm$0.62, Zn : 42.93$\pm$4.95 and Fe : 40.06$\pm$12.77, respectively. 3. In pork, mean values of the heavy metals(mg/kg) were Pb : not detected, Cd : 0.09$\pm$0.02, Cu : 1.08$\pm$0.23, Zn : 19.49$\pm$6.02 and Fe : 30.21$\pm$10.51, respectively. 4. In ham, mean values of the heavy metals(mg/kg) were Pb : trace, Cd : trace, Cu . 1.19$\pm$0.46, Zn : 13.58$\pm$4.99 and Fe : 31.43$\pm$11.74, respectively. 5. In sausage, mean values of the heavy metals(mg/kg) were Pb : 0.15$\pm$0.34, Cd : 0.08$\pm$0.05, Cu : 1.15$\pm$0.46, Zn : 13.70$\pm$7.13 and Fe . 27.28$\pm$15.05, respectively. 6. In processed meat, mean values of the heavy metals(mg/kg) were Pb : 0.08$\pm$0.13, Cd : 0.09$\pm$0.04, Cu : 1.28$\pm$0.60, Zn : 14.72$\pm$7.09 and Fe : 24.04$\pm$10.33, respectively. 7 In seasoned meat, mean values of the heavy metals(mg/kg) were Pb : 1.05$\pm$2.21, Cd : 0.13$\pm$0.03, Cu : 1.06$\pm$0.16, Zn : 17.53$\pm$8.72 and Fe : 26.76$\pm$9.02, respectively.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.131-138
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• 2012

Autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT) has been used as a major treatment strategy for hematological malignancies. The number of CD34 positive cells in the harvested product is a very important factor for achieving successful transplantation. We studied the factors that can predict the number of CD34 positive cells in the harvested product of acute myelocytic leukemia (AML), multiple myeloma (MM) and Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) patients after mobilizing them with chemotherapy plus G-CSF. A total of 73 patients (AML 19 patients, MM 28 patients, NHL 26 patients) with hematological malignancies had been mobilized with chemotherapy and granulocyte colony-stimulating growth factor from April, 2000 to February, 2012. Group's characteristics, checkup opinion of pre-peripheral blood on the day of harvest & outcome of PBSC were analyzed and evaluated using SPSS statistics program after grouping patients as below; group 1: CD34 cell counts < $2{\times}10^6/kg$ (n=16); group 2: $2{\times}10^6/kg{\leq}CD34$ cell counts < $6{\times}10^6/kg$ (n=32); group 3: CD34 cell counts ${\geq}6{\times}10^6/kg$ (n=25). We analyzed the clinical characteristics, the peripheral blood (PB) parameters and the number of CD34 positive cells in the PB and their correlation with the yield of CD34 positive cells collected from the mobilized patients. The total number of leukapheresis sessions was 263 (mean: 3.55 session per patient), and the mean number of harvested CD34 positive cells per patient was $7.37{\times}10^6/kg$. The number of CD34 positive cells in product was significantly correlated with the number of platelet and CD34 positive cells in peripheral blood (P<0.05). The number of PB CD34 positive cells was the best significant factor for the quantity of harvested CD34 positive cells on the linear regression analysis (P<0.05). Many factors could influence the mobilization of peripheral blood stem cells. Platelet count and PB CD34 positive cells count were the two variables which remained to be significant in multivariate analysis. Therefore, the number of platelet and CD34 positive cells in peripheral blood on the day of harvest can be used as an accurate predictor for successful peripheral blood stem cell collection.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.235-241
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• 2014

Purpose: Regulatory T cells (Tregs), expressing CD4 and CD25 as well as Foxp3, are known to play a pivotal role in immunoregulatory function in autoimmune diseases, cancers, and graft rejection. Dendritic cells (DCs) are considered the major antigen-presenting cells (APCs) for initiating these T-cell immune responses, of which $CD103^+$ DCs are derived from precursor human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). The aim of the present study was to evaluate the capacity of these PBMC-derived $CD103^+$ DCs to promote the differentiation of antigen-specific Tregs. Methods: Monocyte-derived DCs were induced from $CD14^+$ monocytes from the PBMCs of 10 healthy subjects. Once the $CD103^+$ DCs were purified, the cell population was enriched by adding retinoic acid (RA). Peptide numbers 14 and 19 of Porphyromonas gingivalis heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) were synthesized to pulse $CD103^+$ DCs as a tool for presenting the peptide antigens to stimulate $CD3^+$ T cells that were isolated from human PBMC. Exogenous interleukin 2 was added as a coculture supplement. The antigen-specific T-cell lines established were phenotypically identified for their expression of CD4, CD25, or Foxp3. Results: When PBMCs were used as APCs, they demonstrated only a marginal capacity to stimulate peptide-specific Tregs, whereas $CD103^+$ DCs showed a potent antigen presenting capability to promote the peptide-specific Tregs, especially for peptide 14. RA enhanced the conversion of $CD103^+$ DCs, which paralleled the antigen-specific Treg-stimulating effect, though the differences failed to reach statistical significance. Conclusions: We demonstrated that $CD103^+$ DCs can promote antigen-specific Tregs from naive T cells, when used as APCs for an epitope peptide from P. gingivalis HSP60. RA was an effective reagent that induces mature DCs with the typical phenotypic expression of CD103 that demonstrated the functional capability to promote antigen-specific Tregs.