• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.475-486
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• 2001

데이터마이닝 패키지에 구현된 분류나무 알고리즘 가운데 CART, CHAID, QUEST, C4.5에서 변수 선택법을 비교하였다. CART의 전체탐색법이 편의를 갖는다는 사실은 잘알려졌으며, 여기서는 상품화된 패키지들에서 이들 알고리즘의 편의와 선택력을 모의실험 연구를 통하여 비교하였다. 상용 패키지로는 CART, Enterprise Miner, AnswerTree, Clementine을 사용하였다. 본 논문의 제한된 모의실험 연구 결과에 의하면 C4.5와 CART는 모두 변수선택에서 심각한 편의를 갖고 있으며, CHAID와 QUEST는 비교적 안정된 결과를 보여주고 있었다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.85.5-85
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• 2001

When the people of advanced age drive the public electromotive cart of tricycle type on the slant and bumpy roads, the viewing angle of driver changes at the different directions. So the risk of traffic accident is increased. For the improvement of the above problem, we had produced the first experimental cart installed to the new driver´s seat based on the 2$\pi$ control theory. Based on the results of the driving test for the first experimental cart, we have produced the safe and comfortable electromotive cart.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.553-562
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• 2004

In this short communication we discuss the bias problems of CART in split variable selection and suggest a method to reduce the variable selection bias. Penalties proportional to the number of categories or distinct values are applied to the splitting criteria of CART. The results of empirical comparisons show that the proposed modification of CART reduces the bias in variable selection.

• Proceedings of the KSAR Conference
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• 2001.03a
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• pp.51-51
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• 2001

Cocaine and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) is a satiety factor that is regulated by leptin. It was reported that the mice intracerebroventricularly injected with CART showed behavioral changes resembled with the typical behavioral alterations found in the mice carrying disorders in the brain serotonergic (5-HT) system. Hence, this study was conducted to find out the relationships between CART and 5-HT. We first examined the mRNA levels of CART after the injections of para-chlorophenylalanine (pCPA, 300 mg/kg i.p., single injection or daily for three consecutive days) in the rat brains by in situ hybridization using the mouse CART cDNA probe cloned in our laboratory. Systemic administrations of pCPA, a potent inhibitor of tryptophan hydroxylase, the rate limiting enzyme of 5-HT biosynthesis, acutely depletes the brain 5-HT transporter (5-HTT) in the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN), which reuptakes terminal 5-HT. Results indicated that the mRNA level of CART significantly decreased in the arcuate nucleus, paraventricular nucleus, and lateral hypothalamic nucleus by three days of daily injection with pCPA with no noticeable change detected 24 hrs after the single injection. The message levels of 5-HTT in DRN decreased in both single and three days of injections. Secondly, to investigate whether CART affect to 5-HT, mouse genomic CART gene, which is consist of 3 exons and 2 introns and mouse neurofilament light (NF-L) chain promoter were cloned. Then, we constructed neuron specific expression vector, which was transfected into HeLa cell using lipid-mediated transfection system. Expression of GFP and CART linked to NF-L-chain promoter in the transfected HeLa cell were detected by using fluorescent microscope and RT-PCR. These results confirmed normal expression of DNA constructs in vitro. Then, to increase brain specific expression of CART in vivo transgenic mice carrying CART gene controlled the deleted NF-L-chain promoter were generated by the DNA microinjection into pronuclei of fertilized embryos. Transgenic mice were detected by Southern blot. Further study is necessary to examine CART expression and 5-HTT in these transgenic mice. Therefore, these results suggest that there maybe a positive molecular correlation between CART and 5-HT in responding to the stimuli.

• Journal of North-East Asian Cultures
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• v.30
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• pp.123-143
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• 2012

in the late 14th century, korean confucian literati, sinjinsadaebe(新進士大夫), tried to reform korean society in the base of neo confucianism. after Joseon Founding, korean confucian literati modified a lot of confucian ceremonies in order to substitute buddhist ceremonies. at first, they titled confucian ceremonies as "gyu sik(regulation manuals)", "Eui mun(ceremonial manuals)", and "Eui je(ceremonial manuals)". but in the end, they titled confucian ceremonies as "Eui gwe(Ritual Protocol Manuals)". they also titled the reports on national occasions as "Eui gwe(Ritual Protocol Manuals)". among the confucian reforms, the most important reforms were auspicious ceremony. korean confucian literati tried to make perfect confucian auspicious ceremony. the first national achievement by confucian reformers was the five national rituals in annals of king sejong. and the second national achievement by confucian reformers was the five national rituals. the royal cart regulated in the five national rituals in annals of king sejong was cart decorated by ivory. but the royal cart regulated in the five national rituals was the sedan with cover. the reason of the change of royal cart were king sejo's political showmanship and diplomatic pretext toward ming(明) china. after the publishment of the five national rituals, the royal cart was represented by the sedan with cover.

• Survey Research
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.1-21
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• 2003

We proposed imputation strategies for marital status in the Population and Housing Census 2000 in Korea to illustrate the effective missing value imputation methods for social survey. The marital status which have relatively high non-response rates in the Census are considered to develope the effective missing value imputation procedures. The Classification and Regression Tree(CART)is employed to construct the imputation cells for hot-deck imputation, as well as to predict the missing value by model-based approach. We compare to imputation methods which include the CART model-based imputation and the sequential hot-deck imputation based on CART. Also we check whether different modeling for each region provides the more improved results. The results suggest that the proposed hot-deck imputation based on CART is very efficient and strongly recommendable. And the results show that different modeling for each region is not necessary.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1994.10a
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• pp.385-389
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• 1994

So far many researches have studied to control a cart system with a pole on the top of itself (forwards we call it simply a cart system) which is movable only to the directions to which a cart moves, using neural networks and genetic algorithms. Especially which it wag solved by genetic algorithms, it was possible to control a cart system more robustly than ordinary methods using neural networks but it had problems too, i.e., the control time to be achieved was short and the processing time for it was long. However we could control a cart system using standard genetic algorithm longer than ordinary neural network methods (for example error backpropagation) and could see that robust control was possible. Computer simulation was performed through the personal computer and the results showed the possibility of real time control because the cpu time which was occupied by processes was relatively short.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.6 no.6
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• pp.849-854
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• 2011

To minimize the spreading effect from the events of the system, a rule-based expert system is very effective. However, because the events of the large-scale system are diverse and the load condition is very variable, it is very difficult to construct the rule-based expert system. To solve this problem, this paper studies a methodology which constructs a rule-based expert system by applying a CART(Classification and Regression Trees) algorithm based decision tree determination method to event case examples.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.3 no.6
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• pp.1468-1472
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• 1996

In this study, the performance of the CART(Classification and Regression Tree) is compared with that of discriminant analysis method. In most experiments using bank data, discriminant analysis shows better performance in terms of the total cost. In contrast, most experiments using insurance data show that the CART is better than discriminant analysis in terms of the total cost. The contradictory result are analysed by using the characteristics of the data sets. The performances of both the Classification and Regression Tree and discriminant analysis depend on the parameters:failure prior probability, data used, type I error, type II error cost, and validation method.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.190-198
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• 2010

A set of radiative transfer software named CART (Combined Atmospheric Radiative Transfer) has been developed to rapidly calculate atmospheric transmittance and background radiance. The spectral resolution of CART is $1cm^{-1}$, and the spectral region covers from 1 to $25000cm^{-1}$. CART has five characteristic features, and it can be applied to many fields. The features and applications of CART are summarized in detail.