• 한국입자에어로졸학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.159-171
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• 2019

The cap-and-trade system against the air pollutants in the Seoul Metropolitan Area (SMA), Korea has been implemented since 2008 and will be implemented other areas in Korea on 2020. In this study, to identify the outcome and effectiveness of the cap-and-trade system in the SMA, (1) the rate of change for NOx and SOx emissions, (2) differences between the real emission and allocated amount, and (3) the status of trading are reviewed. It was found that the NOx and SOx emissions from the sources under the cap-and-trade system decreased in the SMA but the reduction was mainly due to the reduction of fuel usage not related to the system. It was found that the average percentage of annual emission in the SMA to the allocated amount between 2008 and 2018 was 66.9% for NOx and 69.3% for SOx, respectively. It suggests that there was over allocation of the emission amounts. The average trading prices in the SMA were 0.193 $/kg for NOx and 0.128 $/kg for SOx, far lower than those in RECLAIM, 131.942 $/kg and 81.677 $/kg, respectively. It was suggested that (1) the cap system for NOx and SOx emissions should be implemented only for the area with high emission ratio from large point sources, (2) the trade system is not suitable for the effective implementation of the cap system, and (3) Korean government should not allow over allocation in order to ensure sound market function without delaying the introduction of technology.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.183-190
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• 2007

In this study, we have investigated waste incinerators which are one of the major HAPs emission sources. In order to obtain more reliable HAPs emission data from waste incinerators, direct sampling for the possible pollutants from the stack was carried out and the analysis was performed. The purpose of study was to understand the emission status from waste incinerators and recognize the problems and finally to set up a strategy to reduce the HAPs emissions from waste incinerators. The emission concentrations of 8 species of heavy metals and 16 species of PAHs have been analyzed for the first time in Korea. Not only the emission characteristics of HAPs from waste incinerators were identified, but also the analysis of reduction efficiencies for control devices such as BF and wet scrubbing systems was carried out.

• 약학회지
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.312-318
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• 1989

Microcapsule of Propranolol HCl with Cellulose Acetate Phthalate (CAP) by coacervation-phase separation method was studied. Encapsulation was carried out in the CAP-liquid paraffin-acetone ethanol solvent system. The optimum weight ratio for microencapsulation in the CAP-liquid paraffin-solvent system was 1.32:89.18:9.50 or 1.65:89.42:8.93. The wall thickness of microcapsules increased according to increasing of CAP concentration, but dissolution rate decreased. The dissolution of propranolol-HCl in simulated gastric and intestinal fluid test solution was completed within 3 min., but T50% of propranolol HCl from 10.0% CAP-microcapsules were 390 min. and 210 min. respectively. The released amount from 12.5% CAP-microcapsules was 41.8% within 720 min. in simulatd gastric fluid test solution and T50% of those in simulated intestinal fluid test solution was 250 min.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.71-76
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• 2024

Automatic production systems are constantly advancing technologies to improve productivity and safety. Specifically, liquid filling machines are primarily utilized to package products into drums after manufacturing process in the hazardous chemical industry. Most existing filling machines allow the operator to open the drum cap and inject the product directly or semi-automation. In this study, we have developed a cap opening and closing mechanism onto the existing drum filling machine, enabling automatic and safe cap manipulation while filling the product in the IBC tank. By applying the appropriate torque value through numerical analysis, we confirmed that the system worked without any problems during the process of opening and closing the cap. Therefore, it is expected that the developed machine will give more production and reduce human efforts without risk in the chemical packaging industry.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2008년도 추계 학술발표회 제20권2호
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• pp.77-80
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 현행 설계기준상의 강관말뚝머리 연결부의 결합방법이 갖고 있는 철근 배근 및 정착길이 확보, 전단키 용접 등의 문제점을 개선하기 위해 퍼포본드 전단연결재(Perforated Rib Shear Connector)를 활용한 강관말뚝머리 보강방법을 고안하고 이에 대한 압발저항성능을 실험적으로 검증하였다. 그 결과 퍼포본드를 활용한 보강방법은 연직하중에 대해 기존 방법을 대체할만한 동등 수준이상의 구조 안전성은 물론 시공성 및 경제성 측면에서도 우수한 성능을 갖는 구조 시스템인 것으로 나타남에 따라 상부구조의 작용하중을 강관말뚝으로 전달하기 위한 효율적인 강관말뚝머리 연결부 보강방법의 하나로 자리매김할 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제28권6A호
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• pp.843-851
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 현행 설계기준상의 강관말뚝머리 연결부 결합방법이 갖고 있는 전단키 용접, 철근 배근 및 정착길이 확보 등의 문제점을 개선하고자 결합용 구조 요소로 유공강판 전단연결재(Perforated Flat Shear Connector)를 활용한 새로운 보강방법을 고안하고 이에 대한 구조적 거동 특성을 실험적으로 규명하였다. 실험 결과, 유공강판 전단연결재를 활용한 보강방법은 기존 방법을 대체할 만한 동등 수준 이상의 구조 안전성은 물론 시공성 및 경제성 측면에서도 우수한 성능을 갖는 구조 시스템인 것으로 나타났으며, 이에 따라 효율적인 강관말뚝머리 연결부 보강방법의 하나로 자리매김할 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.189-198
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• 2012

This study aim was to understand the effects of the change of the sleeve cap height on the sleeve cap line and the sleeve appearance by making nine different sleeve cap height patterns. When a subject sews the virtual and real garments with this, it provides data base through which she can make the suitable sleeve by conducting a comparative analysis of the appearance and cross-sectional diagram and grasping the relation between the sleeve cap line ease and the shape of the sleeve. As a result of the analysis of the image of 3D virtual garment, the shape of the armscye and the position of the bust line and sleeve baseline, the sleeve cap height and the sewing ease of the sleeve cap line affect on the shape of the sleeve and the armscye. Although the real garment is slightly different from the virtual garment they have shown similar tendency. Therefore, if the 3D virtual clothing system is used appropriately, it is possible to expect various study results in the apparel field without making real garments.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제23권9호
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• pp.39-49
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• 2007

본 연구에서는 수치해석을 통해 말뚝캡의 강성에 따른 거동차이를 분석하였다. 따라서 강성캡과 연성캡을 선정하여 상부교각과 하부군말뚝기초를 일체화하여 일련의 해석을 수행하였다. 해석 시 캡강성에 영향을 주는 캡의 탄성계수와 두께, 상부 교각길이, 지반반력, 그리고 말뚝직경 등을 고려하였다. 본 연구결과 군말뚝내 개별말뚝에 작용하는 하중은 말뚝캡의 강성에 크게 좌우되었으며 그 결과, 연성캡 해석결과는 강성캡에 비하여 수평하중과 휨모멘트가 상대적으로 크게 발생하므로 좀 더 보수적인 설계가 가능하리라 판단된다.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2007

This study was carried out to estimate the emission reduction rates for the regional allowable emissions by special measures to achieve the target air quality in Seoul Metropolitan Area (SMA). A modeling system was designed to validate the details in enforcement regulations set up by local governments based on the current status and plans for air quality improvement. Modeling system was composed of meteorological model (MM5), emission model (SMOKE), and air quality model (CMAQ). Predicted results by this system show quiet well not only daily air pollutants concentration but also the tendencies of wind direction, wind speed and temperature. To achieve the target air quality in Seoul Metropolitan Area (SMA), emission allowances are estimated by seasons and regions. Referring to the base year 2002, it was estimated that emission reduction rates to achieve the intermediate goal in 2007 were 14.2% and 16.6% for NOx and $PM_{10}$, respectively. It was also estimated that 52% of NOx and 48% of $PM_{10}$ reductions from the base year 2002 would be required to accomplish the air quality improvement goal of 22 ppb for $NO_2$, and $40mg/m^3$ for $PM_{10}$ in year 2014. To improve $NO_2$ and $PM_{10}$ concentration through emissions reduction policies, it was found that emissions reduction for the on-road mobile sources would be the most effective in SMA.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.47-52
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• 2003

23 cap beams on the 1 Km length jetty bridge in Shin-da power plant (Taipower co., Taiwan) utilize far-end telecontrol cathodic protection technology which is the first case ever used in Taiwan. The system comprises cathodic protection system and te1econtrol monitoring system. The control and monitoring such as protection current adjustment, protection potential and depolarization measurement of the 23 cap beams can be adjusted through system telecontrol operations. Thereby allows monitoring and control of the 23 anode zones in a convenient and cost effective way. This system is at present still in its best running condition since Sept. 1997 when it was completed. All the 23 cap beams can achieve the 100 mV depolarization potential criteria of protection. It meet the specifications of reinforced concrete cathodic protection standard and proved to be very excellent.