• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.3.1-3.14
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• 2023

Objectives: This study evaluated the effect of different nanoparticulated zinc oxide (nano-ZnO) and conventional-ZnO ratios on the physicochemical properties of calcium aluminate cement (CAC). Materials and Methods: The conventional-ZnO and nano-ZnO were added to the cement powder in the following proportions: G1 (20% conventional-ZnO), G2 (15% conventional-ZnO + 5% nano-ZnO), G3 (12% conventional-ZnO + 3% nano-ZnO) and G4 (10% conventional-ZnO + 5% nano-ZnO). The radiopacity (R_ad), setting time (S_et), dimensional change (D_c), solubility (S_ol), compressive strength (C_st), and pH were evaluated. The nano-ZnO and CAC containing conventional-ZnO were also assessed using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Radiopacity data were analyzed by the 1-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Bonferroni tests (p < 0.05). The data of the other properties were analyzed by the ANOVA, Tukey, and Fisher tests (p < 0.05). Results: The nano-ZnO and CAC containing conventional-ZnO powders presented particles with few impurities and nanometric and micrometric sizes, respectively. G1 had the highest Rad mean value (p < 0.05). When compared to G1, groups containing nano-ZnO had a significant reduction in the S_et (p < 0.05) and lower values of D_c at 24 hours (p < 0.05). The C_st was higher for G4, with a significant difference for the other groups (p < 0.05). The S_ol did not present significant differences among groups (p > 0.05). Conclusions: The addition of nano-ZnO to CAC improved its dimensional change, setting time, and compressive strength, which may be promising for the clinical performance of this cement.

• 대한영상의학회지
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• 제83권2호
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• pp.360-371
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• 2022

목적 이 연구의 목적은 관상동맥 석회화 CT에서 측정한 대동맥 폭으로 정의한 대동맥 전개(aortic unfolding)에 영향을 미치는 요인을 평가하고 대동맥 전개의 정상 범위를 알아보는 것이다. 대상과 방법 이 후향적 연구에서 우리는 2015년 6월부터 2018년 6월까지 건강검진을 목적으로 관상동맥 석회화 CT를 시행 받은 924명의 무증상 성인에서 대동맥 전개를 측정했다. 다변량 회귀 분석을 사용하여 대동맥 전개에 영향을 미치는 요인들을 평가했다. 그 후 대동맥 전개와 관련된 위험 요소가 있는 성인을 제외되고 283명의 성인이 대동맥 전개의 정상값 분석에 포함되었다. 대동맥 전개의 평균, 표준 편차 및 상한값이 계산되었다. 결과 성별, 나이, 관상동맥 석회화 점수, 체질량지수, 체 표면적, 고혈압, 좌심실 비대, 혈장 크레아티닌, 흡연은 대동맥 전개와 유의한 관계가 있었다. 평균 대동맥 전개값은 남성의 경우 102.2 ± 12.8 mm, 여성의 경우 93.1 ± 10.7 mm였다. 대동맥 전개값은 연령이 증가할 수록(10년당 9.6 mm)으로 증가했다. 결론 관상동맥 석회화 CT에서 측정된 대동맥 전개는 심혈관 위험 인자들과 관련이 있었다. 또한 본 연구에서 저위험군에서 대동맥 전개의 정상 범위를 나이, 성별 및 체표표면적당으로 정의하였다.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제7권6호
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• pp.549-552
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• 2010

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.237-242
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• 2022

This paper is concerned with exponential stability in mean square for stochastic static neutral neural networks with varying delays. By using Lyapunov functional method and with the help of stochastic analysis technique, the sufficient conditions to guarantee the exponential stability in mean square for the neural networks are obtained and some results of related literature are extended.

• Mycobiology
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.26-32
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• 2010

The cyclic AMP (cAMP) pathway plays a major role in growth, sexual differentiation, and virulence factor synthesis of pathogenic fungi. In Cryptococcus neoformans, perturbation of the cAMP pathway, such as a deletion in the gene encoding adenylyl cyclase (CAC1), causes defects in the production of virulence factors, including capsule and melanin production, as well as mating. Previously, we performed a comparative transcriptome analysis of the Ras- and cAMP- pathway mutants, which revealed 163 potential cAMP-regulated genes (38 genes at a 2-fold cutoff). The present study characterized the role of one of the cAMP pathway-dependent genes (serotype A identification number CNAG_ 06576.2). The expression patterns were confirmed by Northern blot analysis and the gene was designated cAMP-regulated gene 1 (CAR1). Interestingly, deletion of CAR1 did not affect biosynthesis of any virulence factors and the mating process, unlike the cAMP-signaling deficient cac1$\Delta$ mutant. Furthermore, the car1$\Delta$ mutant exhibited wild-type levels of the stress-response phenotype against diverse environmental cues, indicating that Car1, albeit regulated by the cAMP-pathway, is not essential to confer a cAMP-dependent phenotype in C. neoformans.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.107-113
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• 2006

It is essential to guarantee a handoff dropping probability below a predetermined threshold for wireless mobile networks. Previous studies have proposed admission control policies for integrated voice/data traffic in wireless mobile networks. However, since QoS has been considered only in terms of CDP (Call Dropping Probability), the result has been a serious CBP (Call Blocking Probability) unfairness problem between voice and data traffic. In this paper, we suggest a new admission control policy that treats integrated voice and data traffic fairly while maintaining the CDP constraint. For underprivileged data traffic, which requires more bandwidth units than voice traffic, the packet is placed in a queue when there are no available resources in the base station, instead of being immediately rejected. Furthermore, we have adapted the biased coin method concept to adjust unfairness in terms of CBP. We analyzed the system model of a cell using both a two-dimensional continuous-time Markov chain and the Gauss-Seidel method. Numerical results demonstrate that our CAC (Call Admission Control) scheme successfully achieves CBP fairness for voice and data traffic.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.155-160
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• 2005

Removal of methyl mercaptan was investigated using adsorption on virgin activated carbon (VAC) and modified activated carbons with acidic chemicals in the present work. CAC, NAC, AAC and SAC were represented as activated carbons modified with HCI, HNO$_{3}$, CH$_{3}$COOH and H$_{2}$S0$_{4}$ ,respectively The pore structures were evaluated using nitrogen isotherm. The surface properties of virgin activated carbon and modified activated carbons were characterized by EA, pH of carbon surface and acid value from Boehm titration. The modification of activated carbon with acidic chemicals resulted in a decrease in BET surface area, micropore volume and surface pH, but an increase in acid value. The order of the adsorption capacity of activated carbons was NAC>AAC>SAC>CAC>VAC, and in agreement with that of acid value of activated carbons, whereas in disagreement with that of micropore volume of activated carbons. It appeared that chemical adsorption played an important role in methyl mercaptan on modified activated carbons with acidic chemicals compared to virgin activated carbon. Modifying activated carbon with acidic chemicals enabled to significantly enhance removal of methyl mercaptan.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제35권5B호
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• pp.741-752
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• 2010

The ability to seamlessly switch between the macro networks and femtocell networks is a key driver for femtocell network deployment. The handover procedures for the integrated femtocell/macrocell networks differ from the existing handovers. Some modifications of existing network and protocol architecture for the integration of femtocell networks with the existing macrocell networks are also essential. These modifications change the signal flow for handover procedures due to different 2-tier cell (macrocell and femtocell) environment. The handover between two networks should be performed with minimum signaling. A frequent and unnecessary handover is another problem for hierarchical femtocell/macrocell network environment that must be minimized. This work studies the details mobility management schemes for small and medium scale femtocell network deployment. To do that, firstly we present two different network architectures for small scale and medium scale WCDMA femtocell deployment. The details handover call flow for these two network architectures and CAC scheme to minimize the unnecessary handovers are proposed for the integrated femtocell/macrocell networks. The numerical analysis for the proposed M/M/N/N queuing scheme and the simulation results of the proposed CAC scheme demonstrate the handover call control performances for femtocell environment.

• 한국경영과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국경영과학회/대한산업공학회 2003년도 춘계공동학술대회
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• pp.441-447
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• 2003

Recently there is a growing Interest In mobile cellula r network providing multimedia service. However, the link bandwidth of mobile cellular network is not sufficient enough to provide satisfactory services to use rs. To overcome this problem, an adaptive framework has been proposed in this study, we propose a new method of estimating DPR(degradation period ratio) in an adaptive multimedia network where the bandwidth of ongoing call can be dynamically adjusted during its lifetime. DPR is a QoS(quality of service) parameter which represents the ratio of allocated bandwidth below a pre-defined target to the whole service time of a call. We improve estimation method of DPR using DTMC(discrete time Markov chain) model. We also calculate mean degradation period and degradation probability more precisely than in existing studies. Under Threshold CAC(call admission control) algorithm, we present analytically how to guarantee QoS to users and illustrate the method by numerical examples. The proposed method is expected to be used as one of CAC schemes in guaranteeing predefined QoS level of DPR

• 전자공학회논문지S
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• 제36S권12호
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• pp.1-9
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• 1999

본 논문은 현재 유럽의 ETSI(European Telecommunication Standards Institute)의 고속 무선 근거리 통신망인 HIPERLAN(HIgh PErformance Radio Local Area Networks)의 채널접근제어 프로토콜의 성능을 분석하고 평가한다. HIPERLAN의 채널접근제어 프로토콜은 EY-NPMA방식으로 우선 순위 단계, 제거 단계와 양보단계로 구성된 채널 경쟁 기간을 통해 데이터를 전송한다. 제거 단계와 양보 단계로 구성된 채널 경쟁 단계를 해석적 분석을 한 후 이를 이용하여 처리율을 분석하고 시뮬레이션을 통하여 검증하였다. 이는 HIPERLAN 프로토콜 설계 및 구현시 유용하게 사용될 것이다.