• 대한수의학회지
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.147-155
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• 2007

We investigated the safety, immunogenicity and protectivity of mix-crude outer membrane protein (cOMP) vaccine against salmonellosis in animals. The mix-cOMP vaccine was extracted from Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (ST) and Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (SE) and Salmonella enterica serovar Braenderup (SB) isolated from pigs. The mix-cOMP vaccine gave significantly higher antibody response than ST-bacterin and ST-cOMP vaccine in guinea pigs. The survival rates of mix-cOMP vaccinated groups showed significantly higher (100%) than those (0-20%) of unvaccinated control group, challenged with 3 species of Salmonella (ST, SE and SB) in mice. Vaccinated groups in pigs showed reduction of clinical signs, increase of average weight gains, decrease of bacterial recovery rates, compared with unvaccinated groups. Especially, the survival rates (100%) of vaccinated groups in chickens showed higher than that (0%) of unvaccinated group. Based on these results, we suggest that the mix-cOMP Salmonella vaccine developed in this study will be effective for the protection against Salmonellosis caused by the various serotypes Salmonella species in animals.

• 한국디자인학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국디자인학회 2004년도 추계 학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.48-49
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• 2004

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.203-208
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• 1998

The study was carried out to screen mutagenicity of smoking materials for the determination of optimum smoking temperature for meat products. Wood materials employed for smoking were oak and apple trees. Temperatures of the generator for manufacturing of smoke flavoring were set to 250$^{\circ}C$, 400$^{\circ}C$ and 500$^{\circ}C$, respectively. Mutagenic activities of smoke flavoring were assayed according to Ames test using Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA 100. In oak wood smoke flavoring, Salmonella typhimurium TA98 without S-9 mix showed strong mutagenic activities at the concentration of 6$\mu\textrm{g}$/plate(250$^{\circ}C$), 4$\mu\textrm{g}$/plate(400$^{circ}C$) and 6$\mu\textrm{g}$/plate(500$^{\circ}C$). Salmonella typhimurium TA100 with S-9 mix showed strong mutagenic activities at the concentration of 10$\mu\textrm{g}$/plate(250$^{\circ}C$), 20$\mu\textrm{g}$/plate(400$^{\circ}C$) and 10$\mu\textrm{g}$/plate(500$^{\circ}C$). Salmonella typhimurium TA98 with S-9 mix showed strong mutagenic activities at the concentration of 30$\mu\textrm{g}$/plate(250$^{\circ}C$), 40$\mu\textrm{g}$/plate(400$^{\circ}C$) and 20$\mu\textrm{g}$/plate(500$^{\circ}C$). Salmonella typhimurium TA100 with S-9 mix showed strong mutagenic activities at the concentration of 30$\mu\textrm{g}$/plate(250$^{\circ}C$), 50$\mu\textrm{g}$/plate(400$^{\circ}C$) and 20$\mu\textrm{g}$/plate(500$^{\circ}C$). Salmonella typhimurium TA100 without S-9 mix showed strong mutagenic activities at the concentration of 10$\mu\textrm{g}$/plate(250$^{\circ}C$), 20$\mu\textrm{g}$/plate(400$^{\circ}C$) and 20$\mu\textrm{g}$/plate(500$^{\circ}C$). Salmonella typhimurium TA98 with S-9 mix showed strong mutagenic activities at the concentration of 30$\mu\textrm{g}$/plate(250$^{\circ}C$), 40$\mu\textrm{g}$/plate(400$^{\circ}C$) and30$\mu\textrm{g}$/plate(500$^{\circ}C$). Salmonella typhimurium TA100 with S-9 mix showed strong mutagenic activities at the concentrations 30$\mu\textrm{g}$/plate(500$^{\circ}C$). Salmonella typhimurium TA100 with S-9 mix showed strong mutagenic activities at the concentration of 30$\mu\textrm{g}$/plate(250$^{\circ}C$), 20$\mu\textrm{g}$/plate(400$^{\circ}C$) and 30$\mu\textrm{g}$/plate(500$^{\circ}C$). From these results, it could be concluded that optimum smoking temperature for meat products should be set below 400$^{\circ}C$, that the compounds like benzo[a]pyrene etc. contain a variety of mutagenic potentials, which could be generated at the higher smoking temperature.

• 레미콘
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• 7호통권72호
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• pp.29-41
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to investigarte the mix design method and the mechanical properties of High stength Lightweight Concrete (HSLC). In the experment, concrete mixing was conducted to select the optimum mix design for HSLC in laboratory. Also, concrete mixing in ready mix design. As a result, it is possible to establish the mix design of HSLC according to the using these experimental results ;the estimate equation for unit weight of HSLC. the relationship between W/C and compressive strength of HSLC and the fluidity of HSLC in the view of workability

• 산업식품공학
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.360-364
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• 2009

추출방법과 $\beta$-cyclodextrin, soluble starch 및 calcium chloride 혼합용액(MIX) 처리가 양파추출물의 색도에 미치는 영향을 분석한 결과 추출방법에 관계없이 처리구가 대 조구보다 L(명도) 값은 크게 나타났으며 a(적색도)와 b(황색도)는 작은 값을 나타내었다. 갈변도는 100${^{\circ}C}$ 열수추출의 경우 대조구와 처리구의 O.D.값은 각각 0.296 과 0.093 으로서 처리구가 대조구의 약 31%의 O.D.값을 보였다. 열수추출과 초음파추출 모두 대조구가 처리구보다 높은 pyruvic acid 함량을 나타내었다. 관능검사의 갈변정도와 매운맛 강도에서는 대조구가 처리구에 비하여 높은 값을 보였다. 양파추출물의 총균수와 대장균군수는 저장기간이 길어짐에 따라서 계속적으로 증가를 보였고 저장기간 내내 처리구가 대조구보다 매우 적은 수치를 나타내었다.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.53-62
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• 2004

The Purpose of this study is to recycle the waste concrete, which is generated in huge quantities, from construction works. in order to achieve this goal, it is important to determine the compressive strength, workability, slump, and ultrasonic velocity of recycled aggregate concrete. Thus, several experiment parameters are considered, such as water-cement ratios, sand percentage, and fine aggregate composition ratios, in order to apply the recycled aggregate concrete to pre-cast artificial fishing reefs. From the results, it has been shown that the proper mix designs for reef concrete are W/C=45%, S/a=50%, SR50:SN50 in recycled sand and natural sand mix combination case, W/C=45%, S/a=50%, SC50:SN50 in crushed sand and natural sand mix combination case, W/C=45%, S/a=50%, SR50:SC50 in recycled sand and crushd sand mix combination case. Also, this study shows that the shape and surface roughness of fine aggregate particles have an effect on the strength, slump, ultrasonic velocity of tested concrete, and the compressive strength ratios of 7days' and 90days' curing ages of recycled aggregate concrete are about 70% and 110% of 28days' curing age.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.377-390
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• 2017

This study proposes a mix design method for geopolymer concrete (GPC) using low calcium fly ash and alccofine, with the focus on achieving the required compressive strength and workability at heat and ambient curing. Key factors identified and nine mixes with varied fly ash content (350, 375 and $400kg/m^3$) and different molarity (8, 12 and 16M) of NaOH solutions were prepared. The cubes prepared were cured at different temperatures ($27^{\circ}C$, $60^{\circ}C$ and $90^{\circ}C$) and tested for its compressive strength after 3, 7 and 28 days of curing. Fly ash content has been considered as the direct measure of workability and strength. The suggested mix design approach has been verified with the help of the example and targets well the requirements of fresh and hardened concrete.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.547-558
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• 2023

초고강도 콘크리트의 강도와 유동성 확보를 위해 실리카흄(SF)를 사용하는 전통적인 방식에서 벗어나 산화 그래핀 나노플레이트릿(Oxidized graphene nanoplatelet, GO)와 유공유리분말( Hollow glass powder, HGP)를 사용한 초고강도 콘크리트를 개발하였고 본 연구에서는 자기수축 특성에 대해 검토하였다. 그 결과 SF를 사용한 Ref 배합보다 SF를 사용하지 않고 cGO(C사의 GO)와 HGP를 사용한 NewMix 배합의 자기수축이 13% 정도 감소하였다. NewMix의 자기수축에 의한 균열발생은 Ref 보다 1일 정도 지연되었고 균열발생 시의 인장응력은 가장 높았다. cGO의 높은 비표면적과 우수한 분산성으로 콘크리트 내의 공극들이 충전 되어 자기수축이 감소하고 cGO에 의한 균열저항 성능이 증가하여 초고강도 콘크리트의 자기수축 균열 제어에 효과가 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 1982

The effect of acetylcholine, oxytocin and prostaglandin $F_{2{\alpha}}$ ($PGF_{2{\alpha}}$) on cyclic nucleotide levels in estrogen-primed rabbit whole uterus were studied in the presence and absence of 1-methyl-3-isobutyl xanthine (MIX), a phosphodiestrase inhibitor, and indomethacin, a prostagandin inhibitor. In the absence of MIX, acetylcholine increased guanosine 3', 5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP), but had no effect on adenosine 3', 5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) levels. In contrast, oxytocin had no influence on cGMP, but decreased cAMP levels. $PGF_{2{\alpha}}$ increased cGMP and decreased cAMP levels. MIX increased both cAMP and cGMP levels. Oxytocin and $PGF_{2{\alpha}}$ further increased cGMP levels, indicating activation of guanylate cyclase activity. The ratio of cAMP/cGMP was decreased by uterine stinulants both in presence and absence of MIX. Indomethacin elevated cAMP and cGMP revels. The effects of uterine stimulants in the presence of indomethacin on cyclic nucleotide levels were varied from tissue to tisse. In general, oxytocin decreased cGMP and $PGF_{2{\alpha}}$ increased cAMP/cGMP levels, but the effects were statisically nonsignicficant. The cAMP/cGMP ratio was increased by uterine stimulant in the presence of indomethacin. In conclusion, uterine stimulants eased cAMP/cGMP ratio which indicates that the uterine stimulants have opposing effects on adenylate cyclase and guanylate cyclase activities. The endometrium plays a role in the regulation of cyclic nucleotide levels and uterine contraction by means of PG synthesis. Indomethacin has an unknown activities besides both of PG synthetase and phosphodiesterase inhibitions.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.317-325
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• 2023

Strength prediction and correlation of concrete is done using experimental and analytical methods. Main objective is to correlate the experimental and simulated values of compressive strength of concrete mix using Fly Ash (FA) and Silica Fume (SF) by partial replacement of cement in concrete. Mix proportion was determined using IS method for M40grade concrete. Hundred and forty-seven cubes were cast and tested using Universal Testing Machine (UTM). Genetic Algorithm (GA) model was developed using C++ program to simulate the compressive strength of concrete for various proportions of FA and SF replacements individually at 3% increments. Experiments reveal that 12 percent silica fume replacement produced maximum compressive strength of 35.5 N/mm², 44.5 N/mm² and 54.8 N/mm² moreover 9 percent fly ash replacement produced a maximum strength of 31.9 N/mm², 37.6 N/mm² and 51.8 N/mm² during individual material replacement of concrete mix. Correlation coefficient for each curing period of fly ash and silica fume replaced mix were acquired using trend lines. The correlation coefficient is found to be approximately 0.9 in FA and SF replaced mix irrespective of the mix proportion and age of concrete. A higher and positive correlation was found between the experimental and simulated values irrespective of the curing period in all the replacements.