• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.79-94
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• 1997

Commerce activities which are free form space and time constraint using a communication network are called Electronic Commerce(EC). Because of sending a commercial information using open network such as Internet in EC, they need the security of commerce information (payment information and purchase information), checking the integrity of transferring data and certifying all parts participated in commerce for a secure commerce. Recently Visa and MasterCard Co. released the Secure Electronic Transaction (SET) Protocol for secure payment card transaction on Internet. This paper proposes a Secure Electronic Commerce Transaction Model(SECTM) using SET in order to support the secure commerce on Internet. The proposed transaction model prevents merchant from abusing the cardholder's payment information (credit-card number etc.) and enables cardholder to shop securely in Electronic Shopping Mall.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.7 no.7
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• pp.1498-1508
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• 2003

It is important to integrate an enterprise application for automating of the business process, which is responded by a flow of market environment. There are two categories of method that integrate enterprise applications. One is Synchronous Integration, and the other is Asynchronous Integration. EAI(Enterprise Application Integration) and Web service which of the asynchronous integration is focused in the automating method of the business process. After we construct the application integration for automating of the business process, we have to concern about managing of the business transaction. Many Organizations have proposed the process method of business transaction based on 2-phase commit protocol. But this method can't supply the phase that classify the transaction by transaction weight. In this Paper, we Propose an efficient method of transaction process for business transactions, which is composed by ‘Classify Phase’ that classify transactions. We called this model “3-Phase Commit Method Applied by Classify Phase”, we design this model to manage an resource of enterprise efficiently. The proposed method is compared by the method based on 2-Phase commit that could be a problem of management the resource of enterprise, and the advantage of this method is certified to propose the solution of that problem.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.36
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• pp.173-194
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• 2007

The purpose of this article is primarily to give prominence to the importance of International Business English education. Although English is one of the most crucial parts in international business transaction it has not been treated as one of academical sciences. As English is a main language when the international business transaction is done International Business English should be studied by scholars who majored in international business area. It is true that there has been no study at all regarding International Business English(in this article, it does not mean General International Business English) so far. Anyone who does and learn the international business should have some opportunities to have a contact towards international business correspondence and other documents before they do in reality. However, in Korea, most English education has been focused on general English and English certificate tests at universities. At universities' level, it is certainly a scholars' task to study International Business English education in order to provide decent education to the students. For doing so, this article examine, focusing only on reading part, how International Business English should be taught and especially, how reading skills should be activated and integrated with other language skills. This objective will be fulfilled by asking, what reading means in International Business English, as well as what role reading plays in International Business English education.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.861-872
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• 2008

Despite the recent increase in the prevalence of the franchise system in the foodservivce industry is increased recently, the its variation the exigencies of the industry itself requires that franchise systems to be fully equipped with various a variety of business strategies which is indispensable to run franchise system. In the previous studies, most the majority of researchers have been likely to gathered samples from only one region, or all from a similar type of business. However, considering the difference between Seoul and other areas or categories of business type, there could be may be differences different with in these conditions (market orientation, transaction specific assets, environmental dynamic, and trust and trust). Therefore, the principal objective of this study aims was to verify the differences among areas and categories of franchise business. The results of this article are as follows : the variables of customer orientation, competitor orientation, environmental dynamics, and trust and transaction- specific assets show evidence regional differences (p<0.01), and these variables are differ significantly different by category of business (p<0.05). However, the present paper is limited in its scope. Further studies on into different largesclae assessments are needed required.

• The Journal of Information Technology
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.157-171
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• 2002

The evolution of transaction-based business model is upon us. The business models of many e-Marketplace in their early stages have typically been based on transaction fees. Many e-Marketplaces have even called out transaction revenues as a core element of their business plans. The transaction business represents the most simple of business models, but it does not provide a long-term sustain able advantage. For buyer's convenience, wide selection and test price hold appeal. For suppliers, the extended global market reach and direct access to customers and consortiums of customers is powerful. To maxmize leverage of these new e-marketplace, you must from both a buyer perspective as well as a supplier perspective. Also required is a strategy that takes in account all of the various e-Marketplace transaction standards and one that allows the easy accomodation to new e-marketplace as the market change. These new e-marketplace will need to be factored into the sales channel strategies. To be successful, integration with these e-marketplaces should occur at a complete business process level. This study explored independent and industry-backed current and future business models that are emerging in the B2B electronic market industry, as well as value -added service models for the Net market maker industry. E-Marketplaces will evolve into digital work environments in which real industry collaboration can occur.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.195-212
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• 2005

International trade has been changed from traditional trade to e-trade due to the fast expanding of information technology like e-marketplace, EDI (Electronic data interchange) using Internet since mid of 1990's. e-Trade, as a new trade method, could handle every trade procedure such as market research, contract, customs clearance, logistics and payment using IT like internet without restriction of time and space. The evolution of transaction-based business model is upon us. The business models of many e-Marketplace in their early stages have typically been based on transaction fees. Many e-Marketplaces have even called out transaction revenues as a core element of their business plans. The transaction business represents the most simple of business models, but it does not provide a long-term sustain able advantage. For buyer's convenience, wide selection and test price hold appeal. For suppliers, the extended global market reach and direct access to customers and consortiums of customers is powerful. To maximize leverage of these new e-marketplace, you must from both a buyer perspective as well as a supplier perspective. Also required is a strategy that takes in account all of the various e-Marketplace transaction standards and one that allows the easy accomodation to new e-marketplace as the market change. These new e-marketplace will need to be factored into the sales channel strategies. To be successful, integration with these e-marketplaces should occur at a complete business process level. This study would suggest on the role of buyers and sellers for e-trade which could maximize effect of e-trade in order to cope with rapid changing IT environment and global trade environment. Therefore, this study suggests top priority tasks for implementing on the specialization strategy of e-trade process.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.35-49
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to help the venture business innovate the purchasing process. This study reviewed the types of transaction governance structure, and researched the change of transaction governance structure, while using information technology. According to transaction cost theory, the transaction governance structure can be moved from hierarchy to market. It can be moved to the middle, because of economies of scale, incentive for supplier, and increasing search cost. And it can be moved from market exchange to relational exchange, using electronic marketplace. In order to innovate the purchasing process, the venture business can select the transaction governance structure that fits the its purchasing contexts.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.49-61
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to analyze how the perceived benefits and obstacles of fashion companies, which utilizes the internet as a marketing or commercial transaction tool, have effect on the continuous internet adoption intention, and to analyze the differences between the companies that have introduced the internet commercial transaction and those that have not. A survey was conducted from January $15^{th}$ to February $20^{th}$ in 2009, among the employees of fashion companies carrying out internet business. A total of 314 respondents used in the data analysis, the statistical analysis methods were frequency analysis, factor analysis, reliability analysis, t-test and multiple regression analysis. The results show that the elevation of the business results, improvement in customer relationship and raise in market reactivity of the perceived benefits has effect on the continuous internet adoption intention of fashion companies. There are differences in the elevation of the business results, improvement in consumer relationship, miscellaneous expenses and the continuous internet adoption intention between companies that introduced a internet commercial transaction system and those that have not.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.169-182
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• 2003

The growth of electronic commerce make business to business electronic commerce market grow dramatically due to dramatic decrease of transaction cost and increase of productivity. It also influences the way of building transaction relationship between buyers and suppliers. This study tends to prove electronic market theory for Internet based 13213 commerce. We observe and analyze the implementation and usage patterns of procurement system of I company. The result shows that even through Internet enable many buyers and suppliers to participate and transact each other, the transaction pattern is different according to asset specificity and uncertainty as follows. First, with adoption of internet, the product with the higher asset specificity rather than lower asset specificity can be easily purchased. Second, Internet doesn't make any significant influence on the transaction of the product with higher uncertainty. But, organization's pre-audit process can indirectly influence on the decrease of the transaction uncertainty.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.1-20
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• 2013

Social commerce has been gaining explosive popularity, with typical examples of the model such as Groupon and Level Up. Both local business owners and consumers can benefit from this new e-commerce model. Local business owners have a chance to access potential customers and promote their products in a way that could not have otherwise been easily possible, and consumers can enjoy discounted offerings. However, questions have been increasingly raised about the value and future of the social commerce model. A recent survey shows that about a third of 324 business owners who ran a daily-deal promotion in Groupon went behind. Furthermore, more than half of the surveyed merchants did not express enthusiasm about running the promotion again. The same goes for the case in Korea, where more than half of the surveyed clients reported no significant change or even decrease in profits compared to before the use of social commerce model. Why do local business owners fail to exploit the benefits from the promotions and advertisements through the social commerce model and to make profits? Without answering this question, the model would fall under suspicion and even its sustainability might be challenged. This study aims to look into problems in the current social commerce transactions and provide implications for the social commerce model, so that the model would get a foothold for next growth. Drawing on justice theory, this study develops theoretical arguments for the effects of transaction characteristics on consumers' distributive justice and purchase intention in the social commerce. Specifically, this study focuses on two characteristics of social commerce transactions-the discount rate and the purchase rate of products-and investigates their effects on consumers' perception of distributive justice for discounted transactions in the social commerce and their perception of distributive justice for regular-priced transactions. This study also examines the relationship between distributive justice and purchase intention. We conducted an online experiment and gathered data from 115 participants to test the hypotheses. Each participant was randomly assigned to one of nine manipulated scenarios of social commerce transactions, which were generated based on the combination of three levels of purchase rate (high, medium, and low) and three levels of discount rate (high, medium, and low). We conducted MANOVA and post-hoc ANOVA to test hypotheses about the relationships between the transaction characteristics (purchase rate and discount rate) and distributive justice for each of the discounted transaction and the regular-priced transaction. We also employed a PLS analysis to test relations between distributive justice and purchase intentions. Analysis results show that a higher discount rate increases distributive justice for the discounted transaction but decreases distributive justice for the regular-priced transaction. This, coupled with the result that distributive justice for each type of transaction has a positive effect on the corresponding purchase intention, implies that a large discount in the social commerce may be helpful for attracting consumers, but harmful to the business after the promotion. However, further examination reveals curvilinear effects of the discount rate on both types of distributive justice. Specifically, we find distributive justice for the discounted transaction increases concavely as the discount rate increases while distributive justice for the regular-priced transaction decreases concavely with the dscount rate. This implies that there exists an appropriate discount rate which could promote the discounted transaction while not hurting future business of regular-priced transactions. Next, the purchase rate is found to be a critical factor that facilitates the regular-priced transaction. It has a convexly positive influence on distributive justice for the transaction. Therefore, an increase of the rate beyond some threshold would lead to a substantial level of distributive justice for the regular-priced transaction, threrby boosting future transactions. This implies that social commerce firms and sellers should employ various non-price stimuli to promote the purchase rate. Finally, we find no significant relationship between the purchase rate and distributive justice for the discounted transaction. Based on the above results, we provide several implications with future research directions.