• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2003년도 Proceedings of ACRS 2003 ISRS
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• pp.519-521
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• 2003

Within the paper an approach for the automatic extraction and reconstruction of buildings in urban built-up areas base on fusion of high-resolution satellite image and LIDAR data is presented. The presented data fusion scheme is essentially motivated by the fact that image and range data are quite complementary. Raised urban objects are first segmented from the terrain surface in the LIDAR data by making use of the spectral signature derived from satellite image, afterwards building potential regions are initially detected in a hierarchical scheme. A novel 3D building reconstruction model is also presented based on the assumption that most buildings can be approximately decomposed into polyhedral patches. With the constraints of presented building model, 3D edges are used to generate the hypothesis and follow the verification processes and a subsequent logical processing of the primitive geometric patches leads to 3D reconstruction of buildings with good details of shape. The approach is applied on the test sites and shows a good performance, an evaluation is described as well in the paper.

• 한국주거학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국주거학회 2009년 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.321-326
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• 2009

For building an urban image, various elements such as symbolic building, ethnic characteristics, historical background, natural environment, and diverse cultural elements can influence on it. Many cities in developed countries are showing their unique urban image reflecting their own culture, history, and aesthetic tastes. Especially color, one of the major design elements, has greater impact than other visual factors to form an urban characteristic. Despite the long history and cultural background, Seoul as a capital city of Korea does not show an unique city image with the perspective of color. Recently, Seoul has been designated as '2010 World Design Capital' and implements various urban design projects. As a leading city of design, Seoul is trying to make its urban identity through the own symbolic environment color. The purpose of this study is to find an environmental color scheme for developing a desirable urban design through several cases of foreign countries. For the purpose, Paris, London, Amsterdam, and Tokyo were selected as case cities. Each of the cities showed their own cultural characteristics and made their unique urban image by appropriate usage of their natural environment, symbolic building, emblem of country, and so on. We need to consider these successful cases to build up the image of Seoul.

• Transactions on Control, Automation and Systems Engineering
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.224-230
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• 2002

In this paper, a counting algorithm hybridized with an adaptive automatic thresholding method based on Otsu's method and the algorithm that elongates markers obtained by the well-known watershed algorithm is proposed to enhance the exactness of the microcell counting in microscopic images. The proposed counting algorithm can be stated as follows. The transformed full image captured by CCD camera set up at microscope is divided into cropped images of m$\times$n blocks with an appropriate size. The thresholding value of the cropped image is obtained by Otsu's method and the image is transformed into binary image. The microbial cell images below prespecified pixels are regarded as noise and are removed in tile binary image. The smoothing procedure is done by the area opening and the morphological filter. Watershed algorithm and the elongating marker algorithm are applied. By repeating the above stated procedure for m$\times$n blocks, the m$\times$n segmented images are obtained. A superposed image with the size of 640$\times$480 pixels as same as original image is obtained from the m$\times$n segmented block images. By labeling the superposed image, the counting result on the image of microbial cells is achieved. To prove the effectiveness of the proposed mettled in counting the microbial cell on the image, we used Acinetobacter sp., a kind of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria, and compared the proposed method with the global Otsu's method the traditional watershed algorithm based on global thresholding value and human visual method. The result counted by the proposed method shows more approximated result to the human visual counting method than the result counted by any other method.

• 보건의료산업학회지
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.149-159
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• 2011

The purpose of this research is to provide an available basis for marketing strategy by defining the cause-effect relation between the service level of staff members in dental clinic and purchasing behavior of the customers. This study was done in 10 days from November 2, 2009 to November 11, 2009 and the total 172 copies were used for the analysis. As a result of the correlation analysis, a significant positive correlation among all the measured variables was found. As a result of the structural model analysis, I found that the fair service among the variables of the service level significantly affects the building of relationship and the hospital image. The building of relationship and the hospital image significantly affect the positive oral spread. The building of relationship significantly affects the repurchase intentions but the hospital image does not affects the repurchase intentions. To sum up the result of this study, I found that the fair service and the building of relationship with patients are important variables in order to attract new patients and maintain existing customers. I recommend that the hospital continues to motivate staffs through internal marketing and conduct regular trainings. It is necessary to have patients satisfied with broadening responsibility and authority and set marketing strategy for the relationship with patients.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제39권5_4호
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• pp.1097-1109
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• 2023

도심지는 개별 건물단위의 소규모 변화가 빈번하게 발생하는 지역이다. 기 구축된 건물 데이터베이스는 그 활용도를 높이기 위해 도심지 내의 주기적인 갱신이 요구된다. 그러나 광범위한 도심지에 대한 건물 단위 변화를 관측하기에는 자료수집의 한계가 존재한다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 넓은 범위를 단일 영상으로 촬영 가능한 위성영상을 활용하여 건물변화 탐지와 건물 정보의 갱신 가능성을 확인하고자 한다. 이를 위해 먼저 건물 데이터베이스에서 제공하는 건물 모서리점의 3차원 좌표를 이용하여 위성영상에 건물 영역을 투영한다. 투영된 건물 영역을 다시 지붕 및 전면 영역으로 구분한다. 투영된 지붕영역의 화소값을 비교하여 건물높이 갱신, 건물멸실 등 건물변화 여부를 탐지한다. 건물높이 갱신은 영상에 투영된 지붕면이 실제 영상에서 관측되는 지붕면과 일치할 때까지 높이값을 조절하여 수행된다. 영상에 투영된 모습은 나타나나 관측되는 건물이 없는 경우 철거된 건물에 해당한다. 영상에서 관측되는 건물 중에서 지붕면과 전면영역이 투영되지 않은 건물은 신축 건물에 해당된다. 이러한 변화탐지 결과를 바탕으로 건물 데이터베이스를 높이갱신, 건물삭제 및 건물생성의 세가지 분류로 갱신한다. 제안된 방식은 인천지역을 촬영한 아리랑 3A호와 인천광역시 건물 데이터베이스를 사용하여 실험하였다. 입력 단일 위성영상을 이용하여 건물변화를 탐지하고, 갱신이 필요한 건물에 대해 건물 데이터베이스 편집 작업을 수행하였다. 갱신된 건물 정보를 검증하고자 이를 이용하여 다른 아리랑 3A호 영상에 건물영역을 투영하였다. 실험결과, 갱신된 건물정보로부터 투영된 건물영역은 영상에서 관측된 건물영역과 잘 일치하였다. 이를 통해서 단일 위성영상을 이용한 건물변화탐지 및 건물 데이터베이스 갱신 가능성을 확인하였다. 후속 연구로 제안방식의 자동처리기술 개발을 수행할 예정이다.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2022년도 봄 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.103-104
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• 2022

Cracks may occur in reinforced concrete (RC) structures due to various physical and chemical factors, and the growth of cracks causes deterioration of the structure's performance. It is important to prevent the expansion of cracks through periodic diagnosis of cracks in structures. In order to enable free crack exploration even in a narrow space, a construction robot using a Mecanum wheel that can move up, down, left and right and rotate in place was designed. High-quality crack images were periodically collected through the camera, and the image fragments stored during the exploration were combined into a single photo after the exploration was completed. The robot detected cracks with a width of 0.2 mm or more on the concrete probe surface with an accuracy of about 90% or more.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제25권6_1호
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• pp.507-516
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• 2007

Segmentation and organization of the LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) data of the Earth's surface are difficult tasks because the captured LiDAR data are composed of irregularly distributed point clouds with lack of semantic information. The reason for this difficulty in processing LiDAR data is that the data provide huge amount of the spatial coordinates without topological and/or relational information among the points. This study introduces LiDAR data segmentation technique by utilizing histograms of the LiDAR height image data and analyzing roof shape for 3D reconstruction and visualization of the buildings. One of the advantages in utilizing LiDAR height image data is no registration required because the LiDAR data are geo-referenced and ortho-projected data. In consequence, measurements on the image provide absolute reference coordinates. The LiDAR image allows measurement of the initial building boundaries to estimate locations of the side walls and to form the planar surfaces which represent approximate building footprints. LiDAR points close to each side wall were grouped together then the least-square planar surface fitting with the segmented point clouds was performed to determine precise location of each wall of an building. Finally, roof shape analysis was performed by accumulated slopes along the profiles of the roof top. However, simulated LiDAR data were used for analyzing roof shape because buildings with various shapes of the roof do not exist in the test area. The proposed approach has been tested on the heavily built-up urban residential area. 3D digital vector map produced by digitizing complied aerial photographs was used to evaluate accuracy of the results. Experimental results show efficiency of the proposed methodology for 3D building reconstruction and large scale digital mapping especially for the urban area.

• 한국BIM학회 논문집
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.54-59
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• 2021

In the process of designing a building, the process of expressing the designer's ideas through images is essential. However, it is expensive and time consuming for a designer to analyze every individual case image to generate a hypothetical design. This study aims to visualize the basic design draft sketch made by the designer as a real image using the Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) based on the continuously accumulated architectural case images. Through this, we proposed a method to build an automated visualization environment using artificial intelligence and to visualize the architectural idea conceived by the designer in the architectural planning stage faster and cheaper than in the past. This study was conducted using approximately 20,000 images. In our study, the GAN algorithm allowed us to represent primary materials and shades within 2 seconds, but lacked accuracy in material and shading representation. We plan to add image data in the future to address this in a follow-up study.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.166-175
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• 2009

Many cities in developed countries are showing their unique urban image reflecting their own culture, history, and aesthetic tastes. Especially color, one of the major design elements, has greater impact than other visual factors to form an unique urban characteristic. Despite the long history and cultural background, Seoul as a capital city of Korea does not have been successful to show an unique city image with the perspective of color. As a leading city of design, Seoul is trying to make its own urban identity through the symbolic environmental color, 'Seoul Color'. The purpose of this study is to identify the perception on the Seoul Color established by Seoul City among design practitioners and to suggest strategies for implementing the 'Seoul Color' in various fields of environmental design to set up un unique urban image of Seoul City. For this purpose, questionnaire survey was used and 77 questionnaires were analysed. Although most of the respondents did not know the 'Seoul Color', they recognized the importance of it as a major tool of building an unique urban identity of Seoul City. Respondents recognized the representing color image of Seoul as gray. Therefore, it shows a need for environmental policy to make an eco-friendly and lively city image of Seoul instead of current monotonous image. Also in order to make a unique urban image of Seoul city, 'Seoul Color' should be applied to the shape of landscape of Seoul differently. In addition, many strategies including advertisement, education, making up obvious goals for using the 'Seoul Color', and so on were suggested as conclusion.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.213-228
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• 2016

This study is performed the design and production of the real hotel uniforms around the actual case. The purpose of the study is to research and develop the uniform design which is partially utilized for image integration. After reviewing and making up a theoretical background of general hotel uniforms, we designed I hotel's uniforms based on the uniform design process. Research Scope of uniform design is up to the development of it for practicians who have many opportunities to meet customers directly at front desk, banquet reservation office and restaurant. Based on logo of company C.I.(Corporate Identity) and symbol colors, the concept and an illustration according with I hotel are drawn up. Also design is planed and a real is produced. This like objective design development becomes the basis for building a uniform image suitable for C.I.(Corporate Identity) of hotel I and realizing a positive service. Also this study associated with the company would help the design development of corporate uniform.