• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.77-86
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• 2013

This research was carried out to evaluate and raise the energy efficiency of wood frame house. The commercial solution program CE3 (Construction Energy Efficiency Evaluation) was used for simulating the energy consumption in the single-family wood frame house. The results showed that the annual heating energy demand of the house was 160 kWh per 1 $m^2$ floor area. In order to decrease the heating energy demand, the following energy efficiency methods were applied to the simulation : a) simplification of building shape, b) decrease of windows area, c) application of high performance windows (with low thermal transmittance) and d) application of heat recovery ventilator. In case of replacement of the windows with high performance one with thermal transmittance 1 $W/m^2{\cdot}K$, the lowest heating demand of 80 $kWh/m^2{\cdot}a$ was obtained. The best combination of methods, application of high performance windows and heat recovery ventilator, showed heating energy demand 34.5 $kWh/m^2{\cdot}a$.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.1-9
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• 2010

Apartment balcony has been remodeled since the government permitted remodeling in January 2006.But extended balcony has great impact on building heat gain and loss. Therefore It has problems such as increase of heating and cooling energy. So $\underline{t}echnical$ solutions about window solar gain in summer is an urgent matter. The Purpose of this study is to evaluate energy performance of a blind in a double-skin facade in residential buildings by using EnergyPlus program. The results show that slat angles of $90^{\circ}$ is best in energy performance if we do not consider daylight. Poorly daylighted living room needs electric light and it also causes high cooling load. On the other hand, the results show that the application of blinds controlled automatically is best for energy performance when we consider daylight. Blind slat angles of $50\sim60^{\circ}$ have best performance when blinds are controlled in this angle throughout the day on a clear day in August. Blind slat angles of $0\sim30^{\circ}$ have best performance when blinds $\underline{are\;controlled}$ in this angle throughout the day on a cloudy day (more than 7 of total sky cover) in August.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.75-82
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• 2011

In Korea, the ratio of population in urban areas used to be only 50.1% in 1970, but with the value risen to 90.8% in 2009, urbanization is going on rapidly. Urbanization, which occurs by the rampantly planted buildings, has become major source of raising building density, changing wind direction and reducing wind amount, and such reductions are affecting even inside the building. In each year, among the total energy consumption in Korea, residential portion takes up significant ratio, and specifically the ratio of apartment house is shown to be highest. In order to solve such problem, many studies are being conducted for the improvement of natural ventilation performance. The natural ventilation performance of apartment house are significantly determined by the characteristics of external and internal structure, but in macroscopic perspective, the performance is established fundamentally by the layout characteristics of the main building of the apartment house in preparation for wind conditions. So far researches on raising the thermal comfort through elevation of ventilation performance have been conducted actively, but many of them propose only theoretical concepts deduced through wind path analysis, and do not include any indicator to measure ventilation performance simply only with area data from layout planning stage. Therefore, in this study, gap ratio a wind field measuring indicator was developed, and after the ventilation characteristics by layout types and main building uniformity were identified, the scope of gap ratio efficient for ventilation and that of uniformity were clarified, followed by verification through simulation.

• Transactions of the KSME C: Technology and Education
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.35-41
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• 2016

Geothermal heat pump (GHP) systems have been proved to be one of the most efficient systems for heating and cooling in buildings. However, an optimal energy performance depends on a good control of the system components, including heat pumps and circulation pumps, which affect to the total energy consumption of system. This paper presents the simulation results of the heat pump performance for two different control schemes, i.e. constant setting temperature (Control-A) and variable setting temperatures (Control-B) in buffer tank. A dynamic simulation tool, TRNSYS 17, was used to model the entire system and to assess the performance of the system. Simulation results show that the Control-B, which controls the temperature in buffer tank with outdoor air temperature, is a effective way to reduce the energy consumptions in heat pump (7.7%) and circulation pump (7.5%).

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.170-177
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• 2011

Recently, there has been increasing concern for green growth and environment-friendly construction work is being revitalized; hereupon this study is going to understand the present situation of environment -friendly features of the apartment house through the case study of environment-friendly apartment house in and outside the country, and to suggest the developmental direction of the domestic apartment house. First, this study is to look into respective environment-friendly factors by considering the theoretical background of environment-friendliness and certification of environment-friendly structures, and analyzing the cases of apartment house in and outside the country. This study selected as the survey target the apartment buildings located at 5 places which were completed after 2003 and obtained the domestic 'Green Building Certification Criteria'[hereinafter, GBCC] in metropolitan areas in domestic cases and the survey target to the apartment building at 5 places which were completed after 2003 and obtained the US 'Leadership in Energy and Environment Design' [hereinafter, LEED] in overseas cases. For comparative analysis of each case, this study evaluated each case twice using GBCC and LEED to be more objective in evaluation. As a result, it was found that domestic cases focused on nature-friendly landscaping and the use of the certified products while overseas cases focused on minimizing the environmental impact such as raising the energy reduction ratio and reducing water resources and consumption of resources. Accordingly, there seems to be a need for practical energy-reduction & resources-saving scheme in order for domestic environment-friendly apartment buildings to reach the level of the LEED certification.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.77-92
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• 2023

The aim of the study is to analyze urban characteristics that affect carbon emissions of buildings. The analysis was conducted at the level of 424 administrative districts in Seoul. The main variables used in the analysis were energy consumption and carbon emissions of buildings published in the Seoul Metropolitan Government's energy information platform 2021. It was found that carbon emissions per unit building were high in Jongno, Gangnam, Guro, and Mok-dong. A regression analysis using the spatial lag model (SLM) identifies that the variables that affect the carbon emissions of buildings were; commercial, educational, business and industrial facility variables as built environment factor; number of residents; traffic volume, number of bus routes and number of subway stations as transportation facilities factors; and environmental factors such as green area and river area.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.233-240
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• 2004

This paper presents a feasibility study of a fresh air load reduction system by using an underground double floor space The system was introduced into a real building and was examined by the field measurement Judging from the measurements during three years(1999~2001), the state of the system operation was very stable through this period and it was clear that the system contributes to reduction of energy consumption for air-conditioning. Futhermore, a simulation model used the simple heat diffusion equation Was developed to simulate its thermal characteristics and performances The simulations resulted m air temperature in good agreement with the measurements. Also, from the result of numerical analysis, It is clear that the amount of heat supply by using this system is more than the amount of energy loss to the room above it. Therefore, it is concluded that this systems is very useful and the proposed numerical model can be used for the prediction of system thermal performance.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.17-23
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• 2007

While heat island has been recognized as an unique environmental nuisance in cities, the phenomenon tends to be regarded as an inevitable side effect on urbanization. Recently the nature of the heat island has been disclosed and efforts for the remedy have been discussed in many ways. Some pioneering actions have been taken to mitigate the strength of the heat island's intensity in several countries. After studies for the heat island and speculations on current pilot policies of 3 different countries has been done, mitigation policies for heat island has been suggested as followings. 1. Preservation of natural topography is essential because latent energy consumption(evapotranspiration) from the site is the single most important factor to mitigate the energy surplus caused by urban heat island. 2. Because current national zoning ordinance or building law can not effectively control the site specific local environment, heat island policy should be established or employed at local level. 3. Incentives for the mitigation should be adopted on the process of implementation because environment is public concern. 4. Wind can easily dissipate energy surplus which is the major driving force for heat island. Therefore local wind, the direction and intensity should be sustained and sometimes facilitated fully through policies.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.2283-2286
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• 2003

This paper presents conservation of electrical energy in building with harmonics analysis and compensation which occur in electrical system. We use load controlling and management system in order to adjust load factor of system.The maximum demand limiting and controlling are used ,then the system can acquire the prediction and compare it to the maximum demand set point.The electrical signal analysis based on FFT technique. The harmonics are compensated by using harmonic filters.This system consists computer which works as controller, processor , analysis and database unit together with digital power meter in form of multidrop network through serial communication via RS-485.The load control system uses PLC to control load via serial communication RS-485. The A/D converter is used for sampling the electrical signals via parallel port of computer.The harmonic filters are controlled by a computer.The data of measurement such as voltage, current, power, power factor, total harmonic distortion, energy, etc., can be saved as database and analysis. The load factor is adjusted by limiting and controlling maximum demand. The load factor adjustment can reduce the cost of electric consumption and energy generation together with harmonics compensation in order to increase high efficiency of electrical system.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.38-42
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• 2017

This study proposes an idea for energy saving in apartment machine rooms. A conventional district heating system is equipped with constant-flow pumps and bypass valves to regulate pump differential pressure. Each family unit is equipped with a constant-flow on/off valve. This leads to excessive hot water circulation and a high return temperature. To reduce energy loss, this study assumes that each family unit is renovated with a heating valve which regulates the return temperature at $35^{\circ}C$. The hot water supply pump is also replaced with a pump with an inverter to vary flow rate. Expected energy savings is then estimated from field test data. According to the results, pump electricity consumption was reduced by 6,100 kWh for a family unit building over about half a year. The supply temperature can also be lowered by $5^{\circ}C$, which can contribute to a production of electricity of 10.3 kWh/ton of hot water.