• 한국BIM학회 논문집
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.18-24
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• 2016

While the advantages of BIM stem in the automatic and efficient assembling amongst the given, single semantic-embedded objects, it is still unknown the efficiency of BIM for developing the form that has more than one functions. To investigate the research question, in an authentic design course, the participants (N=38) assessed the efficiency of BIM when they designed a shop with the single semantic-embedded objects and multi-semantic objects. Independent T-tests reveal that in BIM, the use of the single semantic-embedded objects is statistically more efficient than that of multi-semantic objects (p<0.01). As the reason, in interviews, the participants reported that they had to split down the planned multi-meanings and assign only one meaning to one form in order to utilize the automatic assembling of BIM. Thus, they spent much effort and time for re-coordinating the match between the forms and multi-semantics. The findings of this study highlight the further directions of BIM in order to suit for the empirical practices of architects.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.49-62
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• 2013

Many previous tall building fires demonstrate that despite code compliant construction fires often spread vertically and burn over multiple floors at the same time. The collapses of the WTC complex buildings in 9/11 as well as other partial collapses like the ones of the Windsor Tower in Madrid and of the Technical University of Delft building posed new questions on the stability of tall buildings in fire. These accidents have shown that local or global collapse is possible in multi-floor fires. In most of the previous work involving multi-floor fires all floors were assumed to be heated simultaneously although in reality fires travel from one floor to another. This paper extends previous research by focusing on the collapse mechanisms of tall buildings in fire and performs a parametric study using various travelling rates. The results of the study demonstrate that vertically travelling fires have beneficial impact in terms of the global structural response of tall buildings in comparison to simultaneous fires. Contrary to the beneficial effect of the travelling fires in terms of the global structural response, it was noticed that higher tensile forces were also present in the floors compared to simultaneous multi-floor case. Designers are therefore advised to consider simultaneous multi-floor fire as an upper bound scenario. However, a scenario where a travelling fire is used is also suggested to be examined, as the tensile capacity of connections may be underestimated.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.23-28
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• 2013

Green Standard for Energy and Environmental Design(G-SEED) has been used for environmental friendly building certification since 2002. The certification criteria initialed with multi-residential building and now it expands to 10 criteria for new and existing building types. The purpose of this study is to understand current recognition of G-SEED from the survey of multi-complex residences in newtown. From the general question, 75.2% of responders answered the period of living term between 1~3 years, 58.6% lived in $102.48{\sim}132.23m^2$ residential area and 65.2% owned their residences. The 43.2% of respondents recognized that their residences gained G-SEED certification by G-SEED emblem(31.6%). This is the significant meaning to understand public recognition of G-SEED and how to approach the strategy for raising the G-SEED recognition. The responders expected positive influence for economical value from G-SEED and also 75.3% of responders agreed with that G-SEED would be a decision make to buy and rent their residences. Second, residents responded that the consideration issue for green building is energy & prevention of environmental pollution(27.7%) which carries equal concern in G-SEED criteria category. The result of this survey verifies that the current level recognition of G-SEED of the responder's perspectives still is not well-known but it confirmed they have a positive expectation. Therefore, from this result, G-SEED needs to draw road map with detail plans for developing G-SEED with public participation.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.503-529
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• 2015

Traditionally, multi-story buildings are designed to provide stiffer structural support to withstand lateral earthquake loading. Introducing flexible elements at the base of a structure and providing sufficient damping is an alternative way to mitigate seismic hazards. These features can be achieved with a device known as an isolator. This paper covers the design of base isolators for multi-story buildings in medium-risk seismicity regions and evaluates the structural responses of such isolators. The well-known tower building for police personnel built in Dhaka, Bangladesh by the Public Works Department (PWD) has been used as a case study to justify the viability of incorporating base isolators. The objective of this research was to establish a simplified model of the building that can be effectively used for dynamic analysis, to evaluate the structural status, and to suggest an alternative option to handle the lateral seismic load. A finite element model was incorporated to understand the structural responses. Rubber-steel bearing (RSB) isolators such as Lead rubber bearing (LRB) and high damping rubber bearing (HDRB) were used in the model to insert an isolator link element in the structural base. The nonlinearities of rubber-steel bearings were considered in detail. Linear static, linear dynamic, and nonlinear dynamic analyses were performed for both fixed-based (FB) and base isolated (BI) buildings considering the earthquake accelerograms, histories, and response spectra of the geological sites. Both the time-domain and frequency-domain approaches were used for dynamic solutions. The results indicated that for existing multi-story buildings, RSB diminishes the muscular amount of structural response compared to conventional non-isolated structures. The device also allows for higher horizontal displacement and greater structural flexibility. The suggested isolation technique is able to mitigate the structural hazard under even strong earthquake vulnerability.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.669-674
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• 2012

최근에 준공된 디큐브시티는 사무용, 상업용, 숙박용 및 관람집회용 등 4개의 시설이 공존하는 복합건물이다. 이 건물에는 필요로 하는 전기와 증기, 온수 및 냉수를 공급하기 위해 구역형 에너지공급시스템(Community energy supply system)이 설치되었다. 다양한 건물설비를 효과적으로 운영하기 위해 건물에너지관리시스템(Building energy management system)의 설치를 검토하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 3개의 열병합발전시스템을 비롯하여 7대의 증기보일러, 2대의 중온수보일러와 2대의 흡수식냉동기 및 4대의 터보냉동기 등으로 구성되는 구역형 에너지공급시스템의 최적 운전 및 설계방법을 검토하였다. 결과로서 에너지 수요변화에 따른 구역형 에너지공급시스템의 최적 운전방법과 계절적 운전조건의 변화가 시스템의 경제성에 미치는 영향을 규명하였다. 또 시설별 규모에 따라 결정되는 에너지 수요가 건물 전체의 에너지 소비에 미치는 영향도 분석하였다.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 1997년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.507-512
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• 1997

The objective of present paper is to provide the fundamental data of earthquake-resistance design such as estimating the resistance capacity and evaluating the design seismic load. With one bending failed building, it is checked and compared between real damaged result and analysis value by means of static and dynamic analysis using multi-degree of freedom system. In this analysis, four kinds of the earthquake waves are used. Through elasto-plastic seismic response analysis of reinforced concrete building, we could estimate dynamic behaviour of building.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.263-270
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• 2017

In this study, two geometrically identical multi-storey steel buildings with different lateral load resisting systems are structurally analyzed under same earthquake conditions and they are compared with respect to their construction costs of their structural systems. One of the systems is a steel structure with eccentrically steel braced frames. The other one is a RC wall-steel frame system, that is a steel framed structure in combination with a reinforced concrete core and shear walls of minimum thickness that the national code allows. As earthquake resisting systems, steel braced frames and reinforced concrete shear walls, for both cases are located on identical places in either building. Floors of both buildings will be of reinforced concrete slabs of same thickness resting on composite beams. The façades are assumed to be covered identically with light-weight aluminum cladding with insulation. Purpose of use for both buildings is an office building of eight stories. When two systems are structurally analyzed by FEM (finite element method) and dimensionally compared, the dual one comes up with almost 34% less cost of construction with respect to their structural systems. This in turn means that, by using a dual system in earthquake zones such as Turkey, for multi-storey steel buildings with RC floors, more economical solutions can be achieved. In addition, slender steel columns and beams will add to that and consequently more space in rooms is achieved.

• Architectural research
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.151-155
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• 2016

It is necessary to improve the performance of buildings with respect to the energy efficiency while improving the quality of occupants' lives through a sustainable built environment. During the design and development process, building projects must have a comprehensive, integrated perspective that seeks to reduce heating, cooling and lighting loads through climate-responsive designs. The aim of this study is to find an optimal thermal transmittance (U-values) for building envelope elements for low energy multi-rise residential buildings in the early design phase in Korea. The study found that using small U-values of $0.15w/m^2K$ for exterior walls, ceilings and floors and $1.0w/m^2K$ for south and north facing windows has resulted in energy reduction of 22.1%-59.4% in the south facing rooms and 43%-77.6% of the north facing rooms. It has also found the energy load reduction potential of using small U-values are higher on the north facing rooms. The findings of this study can be suggested to be used as a baseline case for low energy consumption studies. It can also be used to determine appropriate envelope materials and insulation values.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.45-52
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• 1991

To investigate opportunities for wood frame housing and to activate wood frame house construction, trends of construction activities. preference about housing, and building codes related to wood frame housing were discussed. And two models of wood frame house were developed and construction cost was analyzed to compare with comparative masonry houses. The results obtained were as follows: 1. While 77.8% of people prefer single-family houses, majority of people(74.9%), ironically, possess multi-family houses such as apartments Wood work cost was ratio of 4% of total building cost. while wood material cost accounted merely for 11 % out of total building material cost. 2. Building code was not major barrier to residential house at height under 13m. The building code regulated major structural member and family boder wall of multi-family house to be built with fire retardant material. 3. The proper wood frame house was analyzed of town house or villa type locating in suburban of big city with hot ondol system for the upper middle class. 4 There was no difference in construction cost between western style wood frame house and comparable masonry house, but construction cost for Korean style wood frame house is 27% higher than that of comparable masonry house. It was necessary to reduce materials and cost down by prefabrication technique for both style of wood frame house.

• Ocean Systems Engineering
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.169-183
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• 2014

For the reliable design of substructure supporting offshore wind turbines it is very important to reduce the effects of wave forces. Since the substructure is strongly influenced by the effects of wave forces as the size of substructure increases. In the present study, the hybrid substructure with multi-cylinder is newly suggested to reduce the effects of wave forces. Using diffraction theory the scattering waves in a fluid region are expressed by an Eigenfunction expansion method with three dimensional potential theory to calculate the wave force acting on the hybrid substructure. The wave force and wave run-up acting on the hybrid substructure is presented to examine the water wave interaction according to the variation of cylindrical size and the distance among cylinders. It is found that the suggested hybrid substructure with multi-cylinder is very useful to reduce the effects of wave forces acting on the substructure for offshore wind turbines.