• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.158-166
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• 2004

For the zoning of natural ecosystem, Vegetation Index is calculated from the vegetation data surveyed on Baekdudaegan (from Namdeogyusan to Sosagogae). Five factors-biodiversity, conservation value of the stand, environmental quality, longevity of the stand, site productivity- are considered in the calculation of Vegetation Index. Vegetation Index might be a useful zoning tool for management of Baekdudaegan. For Vegetation Index I, 8 sample plots 12.l％ of total 66 sample plots are belong to core area, 21 sample plots 31.8％ and 37 sample plots 56.l％ are belong to buffer zone and transition area, respectively. For Vegetation Index II, 37 sample plots 41.9% of total 60 sample plots are belong to core area, 19 sample plots 28.8％ and 19 sample plots 28.8% are belong to buffer zone and transition area, respectively.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.274-283
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• 2023

Buffer zones, an example of nature-based solutions, offer wide range of environmental, social and economic benefits due to their multifunctionality when applied to watershed areas promoting blue-green connectivity. This study evaluated the effects of buffer zone application to the water quality of Yongdam reservoir tributaries. Particularly, the challenges and improvement of the buffer zone design were identified and suggested, respectively. Water and soil samples were collected from a total of six sites in Yongdam reservoir from September 2021 to April 2022. Water quality analyses revealed that among the sites monitored, downstream of Sangjeonmyeon Galhyeonri (SG_W_D2) was found to have the highest concentration for water quality parameters turbidity, total suspended solids (TSS), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total phosphorus (TP) and total nitrogen (TN). This finding was attributed to the algal bloom observed during the sampling conducted in September and October 2021. It was found through the soil analyses that high TN and TP concentrations were also observed in all the agricultural land uses implying that nutrient accumulation in agricultural areas are high. Highest TN concentration was found in the agricultural area of Jeongcheonmyeon Wolpyeongri (JW_S_A) followed by Jucheonmyeon Sinyangri (JS_S_A) while the lowest TN concentration was found in the original soil of Sangjeonmyeon Galhyeonri (SG_S_O). Among the types of buffer zones identified in this study, Type II-A, Type II-B and Type III were found to have blue-green connectivity. However, initially, blue-green connectivity in these buffer zone types were not considered leading to poor design and poor performance. As such, improvement in the design considering blue-green network and renovation must be considered to optimize the performance of these buffer zones. The findings in this study is useful for designing buffer zones in the future.

• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.99-105
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• 2011

An integrated model for groundwater flow and radionuclide transport analyses is being developed incorporating six underground silos, an excavated damaged zone (EDZ), and fractured host rock. The model considers each silo as an engineered barrier system (EBS) consisting of a waste zone comprising waste packages and disposal container, a buffer zone, and a concrete lining zone. The EDZ is the disturbed zone adjacent to silos and construction & operation tunnels. The heterogeneity of the fractured rock is represented by a heterogeneous flow field, evaluated from discrete fractures in the fractured host rock. Radionuclide migration through the EBS in silos and the fractured host rock is simulated on the established heterogeneous flow field. The current model enables the optimization of silo design and the quantification of the safety margin in terms of radionuclide release.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.299-304
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• 2007

Surveying, laboratory and field trial were performed to elucidate the causes of non-spinning syndrome of silkworm, Bombyx mori, abnormal symptoms of silkworm instars observed in certain sericultural fanning region. Mortality and growth of silkworm was still influenced by feeding the mulberry leaves sprayed with 10,000 fold diluted solution of standard spray of diflubenzuron WP (25%). Mortality and growth of silkworm fed with diflubenzuron-sprayed mulberry leaves with recommended spray solution were entirely affected even six weeks after spraying irrespective to the instars. Larval period of 5th instar and cocooning duration of silkworm was not affected in case 50m of buffer zone has maintained in near-by orchard field sprayed with diflubenzuron WP (25%). However, survival rate of pupae was not influenced in case 100 m of buffer zone has kept. Insect growth regulating insecticides were required to keep a certain distance of buffer zone when sprayed with water-diluted solution, 100 m from the application site at least in order to prevent contamination of the spraying drift by the chemicals.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.903-916
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• 2012

We need to use aesthetic landscape assessment(ALA) as the means of riparian buffer zone(RBZ) management. This study verified the political validity of designation policy of RBZ and land purchase policy. The purpose of this study was to propose RBZ landscape management strategies through ALA of RBZ in Gyeongan Stream for the better attractive and healthy riparian landscapes. The natural type landscape units(LUs) covered 40.9% of the entire area and the cultivated land type LUs covered 20.58%. Landscape assessment consisted of landscape quality and landscape integration assessment. The criteria for assessing landscape quality(LQ) were naturalness, interest, uniqueness, and landscape function. LQ was ranked into five grades using a matrix. The landscape integration assessment consisted of an inner integration assessment in each LU and outer integration assessment among LUs. To review the propriety of designating the riparian area and the riparian ecological belt, differences in ecological appraisal and aesthetic valuation were reviewed through a t-test, Oneway ANOVA, and logistic analysis. The results of ALA, 29.15% of the entire area scored at grade 1 in LQ, while 31.95% scored at grade 5, indicating that grade 5 areas occupied a high share. Surveyed areas were divided into designated RBZ and undesignated RBZ. Results indicated that designated RBZ scored grade 1 in LQ took up 33.2% of the total, significantly higher than the 23.3% taken up by undesignated RBZ. When examined according to buffer distance, grade 1 areas within 50m took up 50.2% of the total area, lower than the 32.7% at buffer distances of 500m-1km. Results indicated a 1% statistically significant difference. Accordingly, analysis was undertaken for the expansion of designation of the riparian area and the selection of appropriate land for formation of a riparian ecological belt, and was designated at priority 1 and 2 for land purchase. This study can also contribute to the formation of a riverine eco-belt through discovery of design factors for upgrading the ecology, aesthetics, and landscape of the riparian area and application in determining land purchase priorities.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.691-706
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• 2008

This study analysed problems of railroadside buffer green space and suggested planting methods according to space function and planting concept in seashore reclaimed land, Ansan city. Planting density of railroadside buffer green zone of Ansan city was $0.04{\sim}0.17tree/m^2$, GVZ was $0.15{\sim}1.65m^3/m^2$ which is represented of deficiency of buffer function. In addition, soil hardness of mounded buffer green zone was $2.72{\sim}15kg/cm^2$. It was examined to have functions in terms of habitat for wildbirds and other organisms, surrounding landuse, urban greens, seasonality, landscape for function improvement of buffer green space. Functions of buffer green space were re-established as habitat for organism, buffer and landscape improvement, landscape and urban park, buffer zone and habitat. It was suggested to select Pinus thunbergii as a dominated species of planting method for buffer function and planting density in canopy and under-canopy layer was $0.4tree/m^2$, $0.5/m^2$ in shrub layer. In terms of landscape improvement function, Zelkova serrata, Prunus sargentii and Prunus armeniaca were selected as major species and it in canopy and under-canopy layer was $0.2tree/m^2$ and $0.5tree/m^2$ in shrub layer. In terms of habitat function Quercus acutissima, Prunus sargentii and Sorbus alnifolia were as major species and it in canopy layer was $0.06tree/m^2$, $0.1tree/m^2$ in under canopy layer, $0.8tree/m^2$ in shrub layer.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.341-345
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• 1999

The separation and determination of inorganic cations by a capillary zone electrophoresis was studied. Cations were separated by the capillary column and detected by indirect UV method. The running buffer of 0.03 M creatinine and 0.02 M-hydroxy isobutylic acid solution (pH 4.8) was used to improve the mobility of ions in the column. A potential of 18 kV was applied at anode. A complete separation of cations ranged within 15 min and detection limits were between 0.1 and 1.0 ppm. The applicability of the method for real samples was demonstrated.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.74-83
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• 2005

The Riparian Buffer Zone has many potential values including the preservation of water quality as well as being ecologically friendly. This study aims to quantitatively analyze the landscape structure index of the Riparian Buffer Zone in the Kyoung-an stream and to produce base information necessary for proper management. The study used aerial images that were applied to geometric corrections for a time series from 1966 to 2000 for land data and also used FRAGSTATS, which is a type of ARCVIEW extension module, as an analysis tool. An analysis of land use change and the Landscape Index revealed that the area of farm land has decreased and that the area of residential property has increased. In addition, there was a slight change for land used for purposes other than farming or for residence. The results of analyzing the Landscape Structure Index, revealed that the NP has increased from 437 in 1966 to 695 in 2000. This data reveals that the change of land use is influenced by various artificial factors. The NPS, which represents the declining degree of patch, decreased from 9.441 to 5.934, revealing that the change of land use has been progressing considerably. In regard to forest areas, land use reduced somewhat but did not indicate a significant change. Therefore, an analysis of the total index reveals that the edge of patch has become more complicated and that the variation index of patch has increased significantly. However, this study reveals that barriers to block pollution have weakened as a result and that there is a need to concentrate on the implementation and the management of the Riparian Buffer Zone. Consequently, this study reveals that substantial research is necessary in order to carry out the proper management of the Riparian Buffer Zone, especially in light of the distribution type of each patch and the change in conditions regarding them.

• BioChip Journal
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.317-325
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• 2018

This paper investigated the effects of ionic strength in the medium on a preconcentrator for a protein sample with low concentration. The preconcentration chip was designed and fabricated using a polydimethylsiloxane replica through standard lithophotography. A glass substrate is silanized prior to functionalizing the nanoparticles for self-assembly at a designed region. Due to the overlap of electrical double layers in a nanofluidic channel, a concentration polarization effect can be achieved using an electric field. A nonlinear electrokinetic flow is induced, resulting in the fast accumulation of proteins in front of the induced ionic depletion zone, so called exclusion-enrichment effect. Thus, the protein sample can be driven by electroosmotic flow and accumulated at a specific location. The chip is used to collect fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled bovine serum albumin (FITC-BSA) diluted in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) buffer solution. Different concentrations of the buffer media were studied herein. Fluorescence intensity images show that the buffer concentration of 4 mM is more appropriate than all the other ones. The sample of FITC-BSA with an initial concentration of $10{\mu}M$ in the 4 mM PBS solution increases its concentration at the desired region by up to 50 times within 30 min, demonstrating the results in this investigation.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.439-453
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• 2002

Researches using DEM are actively progressed in field of water resource, and especially the extraction of watershed and stream based on topographic and hydrologic analysis, is widely used in GIS analysis recently. However, because it is extracted that watershed which is type of sliver polygon and stream which is type of straight line in low topographic region, they're not efficient for application. This study determined buffer zone from stream and tried smooth elevation change to buffer zone in order to efficiently extract abnormal watershed and stream being occurred in low topographic region. Especially, we applied equal-distance assignment model using Voronoi Diagram to determine smooth elevation change. Also, we extracted watershed and stream using stream recognition DEM and origional DEM, and evaluated the efficiency of research through comparing the shape of watershed and stream in low topographic region.