• 건축역사연구
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.57-68
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to identify the characteristics of the use of the western building system with the change of the architectural design in the Japanese colonial period focused on the facility built by Joseon Government-General in 1910s. Through the 131 cases of governmental building, the tendency of the use of western building system. After 1910, Japanese Imperialism adopted the western wooden building system which main structure was made with combination of small pieces of timber for building the modern governmental facility because of the political and financial intention. So, all facilities were designed similarly by the structural module and the facade was finished by the feather boarding in the same with the 'sitamitakei-giyohu' in Japan. the functional requirements of each facility was not revealed. Such an western wooden building system was used until 1920s with the change of the facade by the mortar coating. But, in 1920s-1930s, the building system have begun to change. The use of the brick system caused some changes although the planing concept was still lasted. On the other hand, the use of the reinforced concrete led to more changes on the overall scheme.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.61-78
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• 2010

Old Russian Legation(1890) has been attracted public attention in terms of politics and foreign affairs than architectural style because of conditions of location and historical incident. Though it was heavily damaged during the Korean war, and only the tower has been restored, it is very important in architectural history in Korea, because it is the oldest western style brick building which is existing with the old bishop's house in Myeong-Dong. But it has been impossible to reveal exactly the original form as there has been few reliable materials(picture, drawing, document) and it's remains were nearly destroyed owing to development of the surroundings. Recently the decisive document(site outline map) was found, and new research on the architect Sabatine was studied. So I can get into close with the original form by the results. In this study, I tried to conjecture the original form of the old Russian legation(the size, style, plan and indoor space, arrangement of attached facilities) and I checked the location and structure of the room where King Gojong stayed when he took refuge, and the use of the passage in the basement.

• 한국게임학회 논문지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.15-24
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• 2020

2D 레고 퍼즐은 레고 브릭을 이용해서 다양한 영상을 완성하는 퍼즐로 많은 사람들의 사랑을 받고 있다. 본 연구에서는 입력된 픽셀 아트 영상으로부터 강화학습에 기반한 2D 레고 퍼즐을 구성하고 완성하는 방법을 제안한다. 먼저, 학습 단계에서는 바람직한 레고 퍼즐에 대한 휴리스틱을 안정성과 효율성으로 설정하고 이를 최대한 만족시키는 방향으로 DQN을 학습한다. 그리고, 레고화 단계에서는 이 DQN을 이용해서 실제 레고 브릭을 추가해가면서 퍼즐의 구성도를 완성하는 과정을 수행한다. 이 과정을 통해서 지금까지 기술로는 수행하기 힘들었던 매우 높은 해상도의 레고 퍼즐을 효율적으로 완성하는 기술을 제공한다.

• 대한건축학회논문집:구조계
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.27-33
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to provide and evaluate the tensile properties of masonry element such as tensile strength, strain, modulus of elasticity and stress-strain relationship through the direct tension test with varies of mortar strength. From the experiment, the tension fracture was observed along the interfaces between the brick and the mortar. Tension properties of masonry element was significantly affected by compressive strength of mortar, $f_m$, indicating that higher tensile strength and modulus of elasticity of masonry element were obtained with increase of $f_m$. The strain of a masonry element was inversely proportional to $f_m$ due to the lower ductility of a higher mortar strength. A tensile stress-strain relationship of masonry element was generalized based on the numerical analysis and the regression analysis using test data. The proposed model shows fairly good agreement with the test measurements.

• 대한건축학회논문집:구조계
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• 제35권9호
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• pp.191-198
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• 2019

All over the Republic of Korea, there are many masonry buildings which have been built since 1970s. When the earthquake at Po-Hang occurred, this is the main cause of huge damage because the masonry buildings have not seismic capacity. When masonry buildings are failed, two type of the failure modes can be shown, which are in-plane mode and out-plane mode. In-plane mode can have seismic capacity in masonry so diagonal shear test is performed in this study. The purpose of this study was to find the best way to reinforce the materials through the diagonal shear test. Through the test, shear stress and shear modulus of elasticity will be calculated, referred to the ASTM E 519-02. The variables in this test are ${\phi}3$ wire, three types of wire meshes, polypropylene strap and different types of brick. Each variable is applied to the same condition of the $1.2m{\times}1.2m$ masonry walls which are made by ASTM E 519-02. Compared to each variable with shear stress and shear modulus of elasticity, the best way of reinforcing method to have seismic capacity will be proved in this study.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.63-76
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• 2023

Homogot Lighthouse is located in Pohang of the easternmost of Korean Peninsula. Homogot has become first known as Cape Clonard in the West through the navigation log by La Perouse, a Frenchman who embarked on a global exploration in 1785. Homogot Lighthouse represents an outstanding accomplishment of modernization that numerous civilized countries scrambled to attain in the early 20^th century. Located where the geographical risk of earthquakes is high, the structure was nonetheless built to be 26.4m high with brick masonry. Structurally safe and aesthetically graceful, it demonstrates neoclassical ideas superbly in terms of style as well. Although the history of Asian lighthouses is shorter than that of European ones. Homogot Lighthouse, which demonstrates the history of a modern lighthouse along with those in Japan and China, is differentiated by the following characteristics. ① The 'living lighthouse heritage' is linked to one of the largest lighthouse museum in the world. ② Where you can see the earliest sunrise at the easternmost of the Eurasian Continent. ③ The completion of a modern-style lighthouse constructed at the easternmost of the Far East after being initiated in Europe. ④ Differentiated historical, architectural, and aesthetic value. ⑤ The heart of the national marine park.

• 한국건설순환자원학회논문집
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.22-28
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• 2019

시멘트는 건설업에의 기초소재이지만 시멘트 제조시 고온의 소성이 필요하고, 소성시의 원료 및 연료로부터 발생하는 $CO_2$는 새로운 환경문제로 인식되어 이를 저감하기 위한 노력이 지속되고 있다. 콘크리트 분야에서의 $CO_2$ 저감을 위한 기술은 고로슬래그 및 플라이애시 등의 혼합시멘트 사용을 권장하는 것이 저감 대책의 대부분을 차지하고 있다. 또한 콘크리트 구조물 해체 시 발생하는 건설폐기물도 또 다른 환경문제로 인식되며 재활용률을 높이기 위한 여러 가지 방안들이 시행되고 있다. 본 연구는 구조물 해체 시 발생하는 무기계 재생원료를 리사이클을 통해 시멘트 제조의 원료로서 활용하기 위한 것이다. 폐콘크리트, 폐시멘트블록, 폐점토벽돌 및 폐천장재 미분말의 원료조성 검토를 통해 시멘트의 원료로서 활용하고자 한다. 연구결과 재생원료의 원료조성 및 조합을 통해 저탄소형 수경성 시멘트 결합재 제조가 가능한 것을 확인하였다.

• 박물관과 연구
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• 제1권
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• pp.18-35
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• 2024

일제강점기에 발견되어 조사된 장무이묘는 문헌 속의 대방군을 황해도 사리원으로 비정하는 결정적인 고고자료가 되었다. 무덤 축조에 사용된 전돌 중에 대방태수라는 관직명이 찍힌 것이 있었기 때문이었다. 장무이묘의 발견은 1909년에 발견된 대동강변 벽돌무덤군을 낙랑군과 관련된 유적으로 확정 짓는 역할을 했다. 조선시대 이래로 대수(帶水)와 대방군의 위치를 둘러싼 논란이 고고학적으로 정리된 일대 발견이었다고 할 수 있다. 그렇지만 한국고대사와 고고학 연구에서 이토록 중요한 유구임에도 불구하고 그 발견 경위와 조사 내용이 제대로 검토되었다고 할 수 없다. 1912년 세키노의 발굴에서 출토된 문자 전돌과 기와류는 현재 도쿄대학 박물관에 보관되어 있다. 국립중앙박물관에도 다수의 장무이묘 출토 전돌이 소장되어 있는데 개별 자료의 조사 주체는 아직 명확하게 정리되지 않았다. 노모리 등의 조사에서 수집된 자료에는 이를 명시한 주기가 있음을 확인한 정도이다. 이 외에도 도쿄국립박물관과 일본의 몇몇 대학에도 관련 문자 전돌이 반출되어 있다. 이들 자료를 망라한 종합 보고서가 작성되기를 기대한다. 아울러 장무이묘는 무덤의 구조에 대한 재해석(정인성 2010)을 바탕으로 그 시기를 4세기 중엽인 348년으로 보는 설이 우세해 졌다. 대방군 시기의 무덤이 아닌 것이다. 대방군과 군치의 위치를 둘러싸고 가장 유력한 고고학 증거가 사라진 셈이다. 관련하여 대방군과 군치문제 등을 둘러싼 논의의 활성화를 기대한다.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.25-40
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• 2001

In this study, I investigate the formation process of the American presbyterian missionary architecture in Cheong Ju area from 1900 to 1945, which we may think 'the part of Korean modern architecture'. I have examined and analyzed the 18 buildings for the sake of the interpretation with the words of formation process and characteristics . And I can put my idea in order as follows. Firstly, the formation process is 1) buy and modify a Korean style (thatch or tile roofed) building for their need and use it as a gate quaters or house, church, hospital, school, book store, 2) build a Korean style (tile roofed) building and use it-house, hospital, school, 3) build a Western style (timber structured and zinc roofed) building and use it- church, 4) build a Western style (masonry structured and tile or zinc roofed) building and use ithouse, church, school and hospital. Secondly, the characteristics is 1) In the Korean style building, the missionaries change into the function to match with their purpose. they modify the Korean style timber structure by influx of building material-brick, glass, carpet etc. they occupy into the Korean existing residential area. 2) In the Western style building, the missionaries build the house correspond with their living pattern. they build the church with the eclectic of Western and Korean timber frame. and also build the house and hospital with the eclectic of Western and Korean masonry structure. their building located in the isolate hill separated from the existing Korean residential area.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.21-28
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to analysis the change of rural house type in Gyeongbuk province. There are 13 Gun(a kind of administrative district) areas in Gyeongbuk province. According to definition of rural area, the scopes of the research of rural houses limited the 12 places rural area(Gun area, excluded Ulleung-Gun) of Gyeongbuk province. The method of study is to compare and analyze about housing situation, structure of house, housing type and housing area etc. through the statistical data of each Gun area and other various data etc. during these 5 years. As a results of the analysis : 1) The supply ratio of housing is steadily decreasing in rural areas. 2) The houses of rural areas are changing from a detached house to multi-household house and small apartment by development near the rural area. 3) The number and area of commercial buildings are gradually increasing because of urbanization of rural areas. 4) The most houses inside area scopes in the rural area was from $60m^2$ to $85m^2$ area. And the family types of rural house are changing from large family to nuclear family and single households. 5) The structure of rural houses is changing from the brick house type to lightweight steel construction house because of cost-cutting of construction and easy way to construct etc.