• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.375-382
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• 2000

Experimental investigation into the cyclic behaviour of sand plast brick masonry was performed on forty two square panels. The panels were subjected to cyclic uniaxial compression for two cases of loading: normal to bed joint and parallel to bed joint. Experimental data were used to plot the unloading-reloading curves for the entire range of the stress-strain curve. Mathematical expressions to predict the reloading and unloading stress-strain curves at various values of residual strain are proposed. A simple parabola and an exponential type formula are found adequate to model the unloading and reloading curves respectively. The models account for the potential effects of residual strain on these curves. Comparison of test results with the proposed mathematical expression shows good correspondence.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.565-574
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• 2001

Experimental investigation into the behaviour of half-scale brick masonry panels were conducted under cyclic loading normal to the bed joint and parallel to the bed joint. For each cycle, full reloading was performed with the cycle peaks coinciding approximately with the envelope curve. Unloading, however, was carried out fully to zero stress level and partially to two different stress levels of 25 percent and 50 percent of peak stress. Stability point limit exhibits a unique stress-strain curve for full unloading but it could not be established for partial unloading. Common point limit was established for all unloading-reloading patterns considered, but its location depends on the stress level at which unloading is carried to. Common point curves were found to follow an exponential formula, while residual strains versus envelope strains can be expressed by a polynomial function of a single term. The relation between residual strain and envelope strain can be used to determine the stress level at which deterioration due to cyclic loading began.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.407-422
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• 2018

The study evaluates properties of brick having coal ash and explores the possibility of utilization of coal bottom ash and coal fly ash as an alternative raw material in the production of coal ash bricks. Lower cement content was used in the investigations to attain appropriate strength and prohibit high carbon content that is cause of environmental pollution. The samples use up to 7% of cement whereas sand was replaced with bottom ash. Bricks were tested for compressive strength, modulus of rupture, ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV), water absorption and durability. The results showed mix proportions of bottom ash, fly ash and cement as 1:1:0.15 i.e., M-15 achieved optimum values. The coal ash bricks were well bonded with mortar and could be feasible alternative to conventional bricks thus can contribute towards sustainable development.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.67 no.5
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• pp.481-492
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• 2018

The current experimental study is the reinforcement of the simple curvature vault masonry structures. In this study, we discuss complex structure include vault and rib cover with two radii and actual dimensions under a vertical load. The unreinforced structure data were compared with analysis data. The analysis data are in good agreement with experimental data. In the first experiment, a structure without reinforcement is tested and according to the test results, the second structure was reinforced using the carbon polymer fibers and the same test is done to see the effects of reinforcement. Based on the test results of the first structure, the first cracks are created in the vault. Moreover, the reinforcement with carbon fibers will increase the loading capacity of the structure around 35%.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.1-6
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• 2002

The study offer a suggestion that from result in being a case to efflorescence for decrease a plan: $\circled1$ A efflorescence of concreat a structure will be the prograss plan; In the materials, depress use to the water-sand in the construction, admonish unification of front and rear in the environment, consideration requisite concreat don't the occurrence efflorescence. $\circled2$ Ma sonry building efflorescence establish a ventilation opening and a waterway to ma sonry the times avoid the winter or the rainy season. Ma sonry building efflorescence will be make good among a brick to a brick interval closely mortar. $\circled3$ Tile building, tile of plasticity temperature is appropriate, reduce the deviation, parapet part of efflorescence will be make good closely mortar. A construction material part a meterial developing need Perfection of construction a efflorescence occurrence is the minimum, a plan Part developed so on, composition of a ommection field systematic effort need a efflorescence Prevention a kind of detail.

• Journal of KSNVE
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.1078-1085
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• 1998

This study is carried out to investigate the characteristics of sound insulation performances for masonry walls. PC walls and ALC walls. For these purposes. 17 types of masonry walls were selected and tested in accordance with KS F 2808 at reverberation room The sound insulation performance of 8" cement block walls are graded with D-45 ∼ D-55 which are to be evaluated very favorable grade. 4" cement block walls are D-30 ∼ D-40. 1 B cement brick walls are D-40∼D-50 favorable grade. 0.5 B brick walls are D-30∼D-45. 150 mm PC wall is D-50. and ALC walls(150 mm, 200 mm) are D-30∼D-45.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.577-578
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• 2009

For cases where the column concrete strength exceeds 1.4 times the slab concrete strength, the KCI Code requires that either: puddled high-strength concrete(HSC) be used in the slab, or the use of vertical dowels and spirals through the joint, or the use of an effective concrete strength in the joint. This paper studies on the third strategy. A prediction model of the effective concrete strength for interior columns was proposed using an analogy of brick and mortar in brick masonry. The proposed prediction model is verified by comparison with experimental results and various design equations.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.57-64
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• 1999

In order to decide critical vibration level on structural damages induced by near blasting, deformation of existing cracks in structure was investigated and ground vibrations were measured. New criteria to evaluate blasting damage to structure are proposed considering daily deformation of cracks in structures. Results from 2 brick houses in fishing village show that new design criteria far more than current are required to cause structural damage for brick houses.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• v.y2004m10
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• pp.87-90
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• 2004

Serious problems of the environment protection and resource exhaustion are exhibited. due to the increase of the construction materials and activation of the remodeling, recently. Especially, most of the advanced countries. recycling plan for the waste concrete is vigorously progressing. The purpose of this study is making advances in the recycling of waste concrete material for use as recycled aggregate to make secondary concrete product. Using recycled aggregates form demolished concrete, we manufactured cement bricks to experiment overall performance in Korean Standard and feasible performances. On the recycled cement, in the case of cement : aggregate is 1 : 7 is satisfied with KS F 4004 : dimensions, water absorption, compressive strength of quality of a standard. So we concluded that it has great feasibility to apply these products to construction industry.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.6 no.6
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• pp.611-625
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• 2014

This paper presents a simple methodology that integrates an improved storey shear modelling, Incremental Dynamic Analysis and Monte Carlo Simulation in order to carryout vulnerability analysis towards development of fragility curves for Unreinforced Brick Masonry buildings. The methodology is demonstrated by developing fragility curves of a single storey Unreinforced Brick Masonry building for which results of experiment under lateral load is available in the literature. In the study presented, both uncertainties in mechanical properties of masonry and uncertainties in the characteristics of earthquake ground motion are included. The research significance of the methodology proposed is that, it accommodates a new method of damage grade classification which is based on 'structural performance characteristics' instead of 'fixed limiting values'. The usefulness of such definition is discussed as against the existing practice.