• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.569-572
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• 2007

The effectiveness of Palmarosa, Neroli and Jasmin blending oil on dry skin of rat induced by kitchen detergent are investigated. The experimental groups were divided the control group, group treated with surfactant, group treated with Palmarosa and Neroli, and group with Palmarosa, Neroli and Jasmin. Observation of epidermis and the alteration of mast cell were performed with photomicroscope. According to the epidermis morphological changes analysis, the A3 group treated with Palmarosa, Neroli and Jasmin blending oil was appeared the most similar with the control group, and the A2 group applied with Palmarosa and Neroli blending oil was sequently displayed similar characteristics. The collagen layer's breakaway resulting from Palmarosa essential oil, the collagen layer's restoration resulting from Neroli essential oil, the collagen layer's retention hyperkeratosis resulting from Jasmin essential oil were observed in the structure of the epidermal layer. In photomicrosope observation of mast cell to examine the inflammatory reactions, the increase in size and number of mast cell were showed in A1 group treated with surfactant compared to the control group. The number of mast cells definitely decreased in groups which were treated with Palmarosa, Neroli and Jasmin blending oil.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.43 no.11 s.294
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• pp.724-727
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• 2006

It has long been known that the oxidation kinetics of Zr-based alloys undergoes a crossover from parabolic to cubic in the pretransition period (before breakaway of the oxide scale). This kinetic crossover, however, is not fully understood yet. We have earlier proposed a model for the Zr-oxidation kinetics, in a closed form for the first time, by taking into account a compressive strain energy gradient as a diffusional driving force in addition to a chemical potential gradient of component oxygen across the ZrO$_2$ scale upon Zr [J. Nucl. Mater., 299 (2001) 235]. In this paper, we experimentally reconfirm the validity of the proposed model by using the thermogravimetric data on mass gain of Zr in a plate and wire form, respectively, in air atmosphere at different temperatures in the range of 500$^{\circ}$ to 800$^{\circ}C$, and subsequently report on the numerical values for oxygen chemical diffusivity and strain energy gradient across the oxide scale.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.316-319
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• 2004

Due to keen competition among companies, companies have segmented customers and they are trying to offer specially targeted customer by means of the distinguished method. In accordance, data mining techniques are noted as the effective method that extracts useful information. This paper explores customer segmentation of the home study company using data mining. The purposes of this paper are especially competitor chum in the recent home study market, to understand the characteristics of the customer group who are expected chum in case competing companies do aggressive sales promotion. In addition, this paper aims to find the influential factors of their breakaway, and to prepare practical marketing strategy to keep the existing customers. The study of chum in the home study market is conducted and the model using decision tree to predict and select valuable customer. Finally, this paper presents how the results can be incorporated and measured as a part of an overall marketing campaign process.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.96-97
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• 2011

The T23 steel, whose composition was Fe-2.3%Cr-1.6%W, was arc-melted, and oxidized between $600^{\circ}C$ and $900^{\circ}C$ in air for up to 7 months. The amount of precipitates in the arc-melted microstructure was as large as 11.4 vol.%. The precipitates increased the oxidation rate of the arc-melted T23 steel. Owing to the low amount of Cr in the T23 steel, breakaway oxidation occurred after a few hours during oxidation above $700^{\circ}C$ in both arc-melted and as-received T23 steels. The scales that formed on arc-melted and as-received T23 steels were similar to each other. They consisted primarily of the outer $Fe_2O_3$ layer and the inner ($Fe_2O_3$, $FeCr_2O_4$)-mixed layer. The precipitates increased the microhardness and the oxidation rates.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.110-117
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• 1997

Sticking behavior under the hot rolling conditions for ferritic stainless steels have been studied. Sticking, which is a phenomenon that the naked metal exposed to the surface by scale breakaway during hot rolling sticks to the roll surface, was affected by both high temperature tensile strength and oxidation resistance of the steels. A steel having higher tensile strength and lower oxidation resistance exhibits better resistance to the sticking. It is due to that higher tensile strength increases localized deformation resistance and lower oxidation resistance creates lower friction between steel and roll by forming thicker scale as a lubricant during hot rolling. So, the sticking tends to occur more severely in the order of 430J1L, 436L, 430 and 409L. The most sensitive temperature to the sticking was found to be 90$0^{\circ}C$ for all grade of steels. It was also found that the high speed steel(HSS) roll compared to the Hi-Cr roll was more beneficial to prevent sticking. Because higher surface hardness of HSS roll compared to that of Hi-Cr roll provides less nucleation sites for sticking such as scratch on the roll surface.

• Architectural research
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.63-74
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• 2022

Since lost child occurs frequently around us and there is a possibility of leading to an accident or a crime subsequently, it is necessary to study and have a plan for preventing child loss in advance. However, the preceding studies do not systemize the causes of child loss by places or situations, and the policy focuses only on the countermeasures afterward instead of prevention. In such perspective, this study derived the causes of child loss through the analysis of 202 cases by the bottom-up method. In addition, the causes were analyzed by dividing them into as negligence of guardian, breakaway of child, and environmental characteristics. As a result, it is found that children get lost by complex reasons usually with two or three causes combined together. And children got lost when guardians were not able to pay attention to their children, or when children moved away from their guardians. Furthermore, the environmental characteristics act as the catalyst by arousing child loss or making it more difficult for guardian to find the lost child. As a fundamental research, this study may be helpful in developing a environmental design certification system for preventing child loss in advance.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.1-17
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• 2022

In the fashion industry, the demand for new perspectives to express creativity has always been high. Expression of new perspectives allows creative ideas to emerge, thereby breaking away from habitual and familiar perceptions. The purpose of this study is to identify and analyze how the theory of defamiliarization is being applied in fashion design by the brand Münn, which claims defamiliarization as a design philosophy. The study examined the concepts and the characteristics of Viktor Shklovsky by literature review and derived the main characteristics of the defamiliarization theory for fashion design analysis based on studies that used defamiliarization in other fields. Furthermore, after analyzing Münn's collection, we found how the main characteristics of defamiliarization derived from reviews were expressed in Münn's designs. The defamiliarization in Münn's collection was first, 'breakaway from stereotype' appeared through re-recognition of perception and unexpected use of heterogeneous materials. Second, 'distortion and analogy through image' was revealed through the East and West clothing-making methods, which broke away from the stereotype of image and the juxtaposition and cultural reconstruction of details. Third, 'transition of viewpoint' was shown as an avant-garde sense through the conversion of usage purpose of design, material, or items in which subjects and objects were converted with conceptual design and material or silhouette.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.173-180
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• 2016

OBJECTIVES : Fixed roadside objects are a threat to drivers when their vehicles deviate from the road. Therefore, such roadside objects need to be suitably dealt with to decrease accidents. This study determines the factors affecting the severity of accidents because of fixed roadside objects. METHODS : This study analyzed the crash severity impact of fixed roadside objects by using ordered probit regression as the analysis methodology. In this research, data from 896 traffic accidents reported in the last three years were used. These accidents consisted of sole-car accidents, fixed roadside object accidents, and lane-departure accidents on the national highway of Korea. The accident severity was classified as light injury, severe injury, and death. The factors relating to the road and the driver were collected as independent variables. RESULTS : The result of the analysis showed that the variables of the crash severity impact are the collision location (left side), gender of the driver (female), alcohol use, collision facility (roadside trees, traffic signals, telephone poles), and type of road (rural segments). Additionally, the collision location (left side), gender of the driver (female), alcohol use, collision facility (street trees, traffic signals, telephone poles), and type of road (rural segments), in order of influence, were found to be the factors affecting the crash severity in accidents due to fixed roadside objects. CONCLUSIONS : An alternative solution is urgently required to reduce the crash severity in accidents due to fixed roadside objects. Such a solution can consider the appropriate places to install breakaway devices and energy-absorbing systems.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.109-120
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• 2017

In the textile industry located in Gyeonggi-do, 85% of small-sized firms have less than 10 employees; in addition, the most of them are characterized by a vendor relying specialization system that conducts foundry from the vendor that managed marketing, textile design development, and quality checks according to unit stream. The breakaway of these vendors accelerated over the last 7 years; however, industry survival is at stake because the specialization system and orders have collapsed. The following four main policies must be implemented to overcome industry hardship. Policies have been derived from survey and analysis (present condition and trends) from industrial statistics and related policies in advanced and developing countries. First, a policy to promote cooperation between small-sized foundry unit-streams. Second, unification of the marketing support function with a textile design and development support system. Third, the introduction of policy support-management system customized according to developmental stages (tall process${\rightarrow}$fabric production${\rightarrow}$sales${\rightarrow}$clothing production sales). Fourth, foundation of a control tower that puts these tasks in a vehicle and runs them and the division of roles with the central government. We must propel main tasks to manifest the developmental potential (develop eco-friend dyeing and processing technologies, change to the young next CEO in business environment, and grow the of knit market) of the Gyeonggi Textile Industry in a short period to present a condition where these four main policies are running.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.107-120
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• 2015

Free-to-Play of Digital Game became to be one of the largest profit business models because of its stable profit and ability to attract new players. However as the services that are provided gets diversified, some problem come up with mass imbalance in the gameplay experience. Therefore in this process to organize the concepts and features of the Free-to-Play and typing research depending on the acquisition method, durability, and function of revelation target. It was able to derive the three problems, which are inequality in the gameplay experience, economic imbalance in the game world, and player's breakaway. The goal of study is to explain by giving specific examples with these three problems and offer rational solutions. These kinds of study will give a lead on how the Free-to-Play model should be applied to the Korean game market.