• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
• /
• v.26 no.4
• /
• pp.371-378
• /
• 2001

This research devoted to develop an incubator that could make an optimum environment condition according to days of age for suckling pigs to decrease the mortality and improve the rate of the weight gain of the suckling pigs. Results obtained from this research summarized as follows: 1. Several experiments were carried out at the farm to find the effect of incubator developed for suckling pigs on weight gain by season. The total average gain of the weight of the treatment group was around 6∼22kg, and 6∼23kg higher than control group at the first experiment (April 19), at the second (July 30), and at the third (September 23), year of 2000 experiment, respectively. There were no significant differences ($\alpha$=5%) of the total weight gain among treatment groups. There was, however, a significant difference ($\alpha$=5%) of the total weight gain between the control and treatment groups and it was considered to be that the incubator had efficiency for weight gain of the suckling pigs. 2. The survival rate of the control group was 87% in the total sample number of 92, meanwhile, which of the experiment group was 98% in the total sample number of 50 suckling pigs. 3. Finally, economic analysis was executed for suckling pigs based on a farm size of breeding 500 sows. The results showed that a break-even point was around 9 months and the annual profit of ￦52,265,694 was expected after the break-even point.

• Journal of Korean Association for Spatial Structures
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.51-58
• /
• 2010

ETFE is the abbreviation of Ethylen Tetra Fluoro Etylene, a sort of colorless and transparent granules. The advantage ETFE film has daylight transmission and chemical the resistance and The thickness of ETFE film is used to from $50{\mu}m$ to $300{\mu}m$ and tensile strength of ETFE film changes from 40MPa to 60MPa and the tensile strain at break can get to about 300-400%. In this paper, ETFE film carried out the tensile proprieties, such as the tensile strain at break, the tensile strength are examined.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.32 no.10
• /
• pp.3743-3747
• /
• 2011

Kinetic studies on the reactions of Y-S-aryl phenyl phosphonochloridothioates with X-pyridines have been carried out in MeCN at $55.0^{\circ}C$. The Hammett and Bronsted plots for substituent X variations in the nucleophiles are biphasic concave upwards with a break point at X = H. The Hammett plots for substituent Y variations in the substrates are biphasic concave upwards with a break point at Y = H, and the sign of ${\rho}_Y$ is changed from unusual negative (${\rho}_Y$ < 0) with the weaker electrophiles to positive (${\rho}_Y$ > 0) with the stronger electrophiles. The stepwise mechanism is proposed on the basis of the ${\rho}_X$, ${\beta}_X$, and ${\rho}_{XY}$ values as follows: a ratelimiting leaving group departure from the intermediate involving a frontside attack and product-like TS for the stronger nucleophiles and weaker electrophiles; a rate-limiting leaving group departure from the intermediate involving a backside attack and product-like TS for the weaker nucleophiles and electrophiles; a rate-limiting bond formation involving a frontside attack for the stronger nucleophiles and electrophiles; a rate-limiting bond formation involving a backside attack for the weaker nucleophiles and stronger electrophiles. The substituent effects of X and Y on the pyridinolysis mechanisms of $R_1R_2P$(=S)Cl-type substrates are discussed.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
• /
• v.15 no.3
• /
• pp.259-267
• /
• 2016

In Wireless Sensor Network, various routing protocols were employed by our Research and Development community to improve the energy efficiency of a network as well as to control the traffic by considering the terms, i.e. Packet delivery rate, the average end-to-end delay, network routing load, average throughput, and total energy consumption. While maintaining network connectivity for a long-term duration, it's necessary that routing protocol must perform in an efficient way. As we discussed Optimized Link State Routing protocol between all of them, we find out that this protocol performs well in the large and dense networks, but with the decrease in network size then scalability of the network decreases. Whenever a link breakage is encountered, OLSR is not able to periodically update its routing table which may create a redundancy problem. To resolve this issue in the OLSR problem of redundancy and predict link breakage, an enhanced protocol, i.e. S-OLSR (More Scalable OLSR) protocol has been proposed. At the end, a comparison among different existing protocols, i.e. DSR, AODV, OLSR with the proposed protocol, i.e. S-OLSR is drawn by using the NS-2 simulator.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.45 no.3
• /
• pp.347-360
• /
• 2013

This paper presents an experimental investigation of the small-break loss-of-coolant accident (SBLOCA) and the loss-of-feedwater accident (LOFW) in a scaled integral test facility of REX-10. REX-10 is a small integral-type PWR in which the coolant flow is driven by natural circulation, and the RCS is pressurized by the steam-gas pressurizer. The postulated accidents of REX-10 include the system depressurization initiated by the break of a nitrogen injection line connected to the steam-gas pressurizer and the complete loss of normal feedwater flow by the malfunction of control systems. The integral effect tests on SBLOCA and LOFW are conducted at the REX-10 Test Facility (RTF), a full-height full-pressure facility with reduced power by 1/50. The SBLOCA experiment is initiated by opening a flow passage out of the pressurizer vessel, and the LOFW experiment begins with the termination of the feedwater supply into the helical-coil steam generator. The experimental results reveal that the RTF can assure sufficient cooldown capability with the simulated PRHRS flow during these DBAs. In particular, the RTF exhibits faster pressurization during the LOFW test when employing the steam-gas pressurizer than the steam pressurizer. This experimental study can provide unique data to validate the thermal-hydraulic analysis code for REX-10.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.118-123
• /
• 2023

With the continuous development of emerging technologies represented by VR technology, many game developers are declaring that they are constantly trying to break the "fourth wall" and break the boundaries between virtual and reality to create game immersion for players. new game. But for many gamers, a strong sense of immersion is not the focus of their pursuit. The sense of control and safe exploration during the game is also the game experience that many gamers are pursuing. Moreover, there is ambiguity in the definition of the concept of breaking the fourth wall in the field of academic theory. The purpose of breaking the fourth wall was to separate the real world from the virtual world, to remind the audience that the actors and the audience are in two different worlds, and to trigger the audience's thinking about drama and deeper philosophy. But in the current game, it has become a blurring of the boundary between virtual and reality, pulling players into the virtual world, and focusing on the immersive experience. In this paper, we will first sort out the concept of "breaking the fourth wall", and then conduct a comparative analysis of horizontal scroll games and VR games, and conclude that the "fourth wall" has an impact on players Great conclusion.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.55 no.1
• /
• pp.144-155
• /
• 2023

The core catcher is used as a passive safety system in new generation nuclear power plants to create a space in the containment for the placing and cooling of the molten corium under various severe accidents. This research investigates the role of the core catcher in the VVER-1000 reactor containment system in mitigating the effects of core meltdown under various severe accidents within the context of the Ex-vessel Melt Retention (EVMR) strategy. Hence, a comparison study of three severe accidents is conducted, including Station Black-Out (SBO), SBO combined with the Large Break Loss of Coolant Accident (LB-LOCA), and SBO combined with the Small Break Loss of Coolant Accident (SB-LOCA). Numerical comparative simulations are performed for the aforementioned scenario with and without the EX-vessel core-catcher. The results showed that considering the EX-Vessel core catcher reduces the amount of hydrogen by about 18.2 percent in the case of SBO + LB-LOCA, and hydrogen production decreases by 12.4 percent in the case of SBO + SB-LOCA. Furthermore, in the presence of an EX-Vessel core-catcher, the production of gases such as CO and CO2 for the SBO accident is negligible. It was revealed that the greatest decrease in pressure and temperature of the containment is related to the SBO accident.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
• /
• v.15 no.3
• /
• pp.311-320
• /
• 2013

This paper presents the effect of Segment thickness during Shield TBM tunnelling in case study. In order to perform this study, the ground condition developed in the investigation site are reviewed and analysed. It is also carried out the construction problems occurred in the site during Shield TBM tunnelling. Several Segments were broken partially during advance tunnel by jacking pressure. The data surveyed from site are analysed in order to investigate the cause of Segment break. The numerical and analytical evaluations are carried out to examine the effect of Segment behaviour. From the results, it is found that the main causes of Segment break may be the jacking system and Segment thickness. In addition, new jacking technique is suggested to install safely the Segment during advance tunnel by jacking.

• Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.81-103
• /
• 2005

This study intends to examine whether consumers, especially buying apparel product postpone purchase in the beliefs of price break in the near future. For this research objectives, the dynamic price expectation effect model for apparel product is proposed and is applied to weekly sales data and price information of 43 women's apparel brands from a department store over the spring season. The main results are summarized as follows. 1. Dynamic price expectation effect model is developed and the model is more robust to apparel product than Gutenberg model, which is not considered these conditions. 2. By applying the model to empirical data, we find out the price expectation effect in the apparel product; concretely there are 23 brands out of 43 brands. This study confirms the price expectation effects in the apparel product theoretically and extends the research boundary of price expectation effects.

• Journal of Conservation Science
• /
• v.30 no.1
• /
• pp.81-93
• /
• 2014

As the Seated Iron Buddha Statues, Vairocana Buddha of Dopiansa Temple in Cheolwon, Nosana Buddha of Samhwasa Temple in Donghae and Sakyamuni of Mangisa Temple in Pyeongtaek were made during Unified Silla to Koryo Dynasty. These are damaged degradation which are crack, break-out, peel off and various pollutant. As a result of deterioration evaluation using radiography, crack, gap, break-out, pore space and restoration material are confirmed inside in the Buddha Statues. Based on iron strength, the Buddha Statues will be maintain current state as long as a high external impact is not applied. Also, iron core and nails used for fixing of internal and external framework were observed in the Buddha Statues. According to prominent line of surface, embossed inscription, hands cast separately and combined, the Buddha Statues were made by using division casting.