• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.119-127
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• 2020

Background: The aim of this study was done to identify whether mass produced wild ginseng culture broth prepared from cultivated wild ginseng roots could have an application in enhancing the agricultural utility value of leafy vegetables. Methods and Results: Leafy vegetables Lactuca sativa and Brassica juncea were treated with wild ginseng culture broth. Plants were examined and treatment (100 ㎖) applied twice a week over an eight week period. Total phenolic and flavonoid content of treated plants was then measured. Wild ginseng culture broth treatment resulted in phenolic and flavonoid content of 0.40 mg·GAE/㎖ and 0.36 mg·QE/㎖, respectively in L. sativa. When treated with wild ginseng culture broth, free radical scavenging ability was found to be higher in both L. sativa and B. juncea whereas antimicrobial activity was found to be higher in B. juncea (625 ㎍/㎖) than in L. sativa. Inorganic element analysis of L. sativa and B. juncea showed that Ca and Mg were higher in the wild ginseng broth treatment group, whereas harmful elements such as As were reduced. Conclusions: Rather than discarding the wild ginseng culture broth, it can be used as a fresh biomaterial by reprocessing it as agricultural products that can promote growth and improve functionality in plants.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.45-48
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• 2006

순무는 초음파 병행 추출을 통하여 $60,\;100^{\circ}C$에서 모두 추출 수율을 증가시킬 수 있음을 확인하였다. 알코올 분해 효소인 ADH와 Aldehyde 분해 효소인 ALDH의 분해 활성 측정 실험을 통해 순무의 추출물들은 물 일반 추출물보다 초음파 병해 추출물들이 높은 활성을 나타내는 것을 확인하였고 특히 ADH의 활성율 보다 ALDH의 활성이 높게 나타나 알코을 분해 과정의 최종 목적지인 acetic acid와 이산화탄소로의 분해에 순무의 추출물들이 유의적인 활성을 나타내고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. $60^{\circ}C$ 열수 추출물은 $100^{\circ}C$ 열수 추출물과 비교하여 관능평가 시 높은 점수를 얻었으며 이의 추출물들은 감압농축을 통해 이취의 제거가 이루어져 열수추출 시 유용한 방법으로 평가되었다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.476-488
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• 2021

Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc) is the causal agent of black rot for cruciferous vegetables worldwide, especially for the cole crops such as cabbage and cauliflower. Due to the lack of resistant cabbage cultivars, black rot has brought about considerable yield losses in recent years in China. Understanding of the pathogen features is a key step for disease prevention, however, the pathogen diversity, population structure, and virulence are largely unknown. In this study, we studied 50 Xcc strains including 39 Xcc isolates collected from cabbage in 20 regions across China, using multilocus sequence genotyping (MLST), repetitive DNA sequence-based PCR (rep-PCR), and pathogenicity tests. For MLST analysis, a total of 12 allelic profiles (AP) were generated, among which the largest AP was AP1 containing 32 strains. Further cluster analysis of rep-PCR divided all strains into 14 DNA groups, with the largest group DNA I comprising of 34 strains, most of which also belonged to AP1. Inoculation tests showed that the representative Xcc strains collected from diverse regions performed differential virulence against three brassica hosts compared with races 1 and 4. Interestingly, these results indicated that AP1/DNA I was not only the main pathotype in China, but also a novel group that differed from the previously reported type races in both genotype and virulence. To our knowledge, this is the first extensive genetic diversity survey for Xcc strains in China, which provides evidence for cabbage resistance breeding and opens the gate for further cabbage-Xcc interaction studies.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제27권11호
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• pp.937-946
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• 2018

This study investigated the applicability of horticultural media with recycled coir substrates the growth of Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris L. ssp. Pekinensis) and lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) crop. The six different types of coir based substrates were A, Coir 45: Perlite 35: Vermiculite 12: Zeolite 8 (%), B, Coir 55: Perlite 25: Vermiculite 12: Zeolite 8 (%), C, Coir 65: Perlite 15: Vermiculite 12: Zeolite 8 (%), D, Coir 75: Perlite 5: Vermiculite 12: Zeolite 8 (%), E, Coir 85: Perlite 5: Vermiculite 5: Zeolite 5 (%) and F, nursery media (control). The pH and Electric conductivity of the horticultural nursery media were 6.06-7.00 and $0.45-1.10dS/m^{-1}$, respectively. The nursery media containing coir substrates had higher level of Total N, Ca, K, Mg and P than those without coir. Additionally, it was observed that the growth of Chinese cabbage was the best on D (containing 75% coir) while that of lettuce was the best on E (containing 85% coir). In general, when substrates containg a higher percentage of coir were used, the growth of Chinese cabbage and lettuce was ideal. Additionally, the P, Ca, and Mg content in both plants was not significantly altered by the amount of coir present in the media. However, with an increase in the amount of coir substrate, the chlorophyll, N, and K content was increased. After harvesting, there was no significant difference in the chemical properties of the horticultural nursery media of both plants. Thus, it can be suggested that, coir substrate after a single use could be recycled as horticulture nursery media.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제20권
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• pp.100-106
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• 1975

유체의 성분육종효율을 증진키 위한 세대단축기술개발에 있어서 개화수분후의 등숙차이가 종자발아능력 및 휴면에 미치는 영향을 조사하였든 바 기 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 유채종자는 생체에서 개화수분후 40일이전에는 거의 발아력이 없으며, 건조시켰을때는 50일이전에 발아력이 없었다. 2. 세대단축에 이용할 수 있는 유효발아력에 있어서는 (발아율 70%이상) 생체종자로는 D.A.F. 75~80일이라야하며 건조종자에서는 55일이면 거의 100% 가까운 발아력을 갖추게되는데 건조처리는 휴면타파효과가 인정되였다. 3. 유채의 휴면주기는 2회의 싸이클이 있으며 생태형별로 주기가 다른데 만숙군과 조생군은 경향이 비슷하며 중생군은 품종에 따라 주기가 각각 달라서 매우 휴면기작이 복잡하다. 4. 춘파성 정도별발아력은 D.A.F. 50일이후에서는 파종성정도가 낮을수록(만생일수록) 발아력이 높은 경향이었으며 D.A.F. 45일이전의 미숙종자에서는 만생인 I, II가 특히 높았다. 5. 종자, 치상후의 발아세는 치상 2일에 가장높았고 그 이후는 점차 낮으며 생체종자일 때 발아기간이 건조종자일 때보다 길었다. 6. 휴면타파제 $H_2O_2$의 효과에 있어서 완숙종자에서는 발아촉진효과가 없으며 미숙종자에서는 촉진효과가 있었는데 생체종자에서 더욱 컸다.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.23-32
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• 2012

Calcium is an essential nutrient for living organisms, with key structural and signaling roles. Its deficiency in plants can result in poor biotic and abiotic stress tolerance as well as reduced crop quality and yield. Calcium deficiency in humans causes various diseases such as osteoporosis and rickets. Biofortification of calcium in various food crops has been suggested as an economic and environmentally advantageous method to enhance human intake of calcium. Recent efforts to increase the levels of calcium in food crops have used calcium/proton antiporters ($CAXs$) and modified one to increase calcium transport into vacuoles through genetic engineering. It has been reported that overall calcium content of transgenic plants has been increased in their edible portions with some adverse effects. In conclusion, biofortification of calcium will add more value in crops as well as will be beneficial for animal and human. Therefore, more fundamental studies on the mechanisms of calcium ion storage and transporting are essential for more effective calcium biofortification.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.25-29
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• 2012

Agriculture activities account for 58% of total anthropogenic emissions of nitrous oxide ($N_2O$) with global warming potential of 298 times as compared to carbon dioxide ($CO_2$) on molecule to molecule basis. Quantifying $N_2O$ from managed soil is essential to develop national inventories of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The objective of the study was to compare $N_2O$ emission from livestock compost applied arable land with that for fertilizer treatment. The study was conducted for two years by cultivating Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris L.) in Chuncheon, Gangwon-do. Accumulated $N_2O$ emission during cultivation of Chinese cabbage after applying livestock compost was slightly greater than that for chemical fertilizer. Slightly greater $N_2O$ emission factor for livestock compost was observed than that for chemical fertilizer possibly due to lump application of livestock compost before crop cultivation compared with split application of chemical fertilizers and enhanced denitrification activity through increased carbon availability by organic matter in livestock compost.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.946-952
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• 2016

The eglS gene in Bacillus amyloliquefaciens encodes an endo-β-1,4-glucanase that belongs to glycosyl hydrolase family 5. In this study, a disruption mutant of gene eglS was constructed to examine its role in bacterial adaptation in plants. The mutant TB2_k, eglS gene inactivated bacterial strain, was remarkably impaired in extracellular cellulase activity. When inoculated on Brassica campestris, the TB2_k population was reduced by more than 60% compared with the wild-type strain in the root, stem, and leaf tissues. Overexpression of eglS in the wild-type strain increased the bacteria population in the plant tissues. Further studies revealed that the transcription level of eglS was correlated with bacterial population. These data demonstrate that endo-β-1,4-glucanase of B. amyloliquefaciens is required for its optimal endophytic colonization.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.177-185
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• 2015

케일 내 유용성분인 GSL 함량은 작물의 재배방법과 기후조건, 영양상태, 유전적 특성 등 재배 환경에 따라 영향을 받을 수 있으므로 본 연구에서는 생장단계에 따른 케일(Brassica oleracea var. acephala) 내 GSL 함량을 조사하였다. 케일 품종은 'Manchoo Collard', 'TBC' 두 품종으로 재배기간은 2012년 2월 20일부터 동년 7월 3일까지 133일이었으며 수확시기는 파종 후 35, 63, 91, 105, 119, 133일(days after sowing, DAS)이었다. 'TBC'에서는 총 10종의 GSL(progoitrin, sinigrin, glucoalyssin, gluconapin, glucoiberverin, 4-hydroxyglucobrassicin, glucobrassicin, 4-methoxyglucobrassicin, gluconasturtiin, neoglucobrassicin)가 분리 및 동정되었으나 'Manchoo Collard'에서는 glucoiberverin를 제외한 9종의 GSL가 분리 및 동정되었다. 'Manchoo Collard'의 GSL 함량은 133DAS에서(평균 $6.12{\mu}mol{\cdot}g^{-1}$ DW)가장 높았고, 35DAS($1.16{\mu}mol{\cdot}g^{-1}$ DW)에서 가장 낮았다. 'TBC'의 GSL 함량은 91DAS(평균 $13.41{\mu}mol{\cdot}g^{-1}$ DW)에서 가장 높았고, 35DAS($0.31{\mu}mol{\cdot}g^{-1}$ DW)에서 가장 낮았다. 총 GSL 함량 중 sinigrin이 'Manchoo Collard'(133DAS)에서 57%, 'TBC'(91DAS)에서 44%로 가장 높았다. 항암효과가 뛰어난 crambene, allyl isothiocynate, indole-3-cabinol, phenethyl isothiocyanate의 전구체인 progoitrin, sinigrin, glucobrassicin, gluconasturtiin은 'Manchoo Collard'와 'TBC'의 총 GSL 함량 중 각각 94, 78%로 나타나 두 품종 모두 항암 효과를 가질 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.237-243
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• 2009

양배추 유묘에서 도둑나방 유충의 경제적 피해허용수준과 요방제 수준을 설정하기 위하여 도둑나방 유충 접종 밀도에 따른 양배추의 생육, 피해 및 수량을 조사하였다. 포장실험에서 파종 40일 양배추 유묘에 주당 0, 1, 4, 8, 16마리의 도둑나방 2령 유충들을 접종하고 30일 후 수량조사결과 처리 간 사이가 없었고, 양배추는 도둑나방 가해에 대하여 보상적 반응을 보였다. 반면, 유리온실 실험에서 정식 25일 양배추 유묘에 주당 0, 2, 5, 8, 12마리의 도둑나방 2령 유충들을 접종한 결과 15일 후 양배추의 평균생체중은 무처리에서 38.3g, 2마리 접종구에서 36.7g, 5마리 접종구에서 21.7g, 8마리 접종구에서 23.3g, 12마리 접종구에서 16.7g으로 도둑나방 유충의 접종수가 증가할수록 양배추의 생체중은 유의하게 줄어들었다. 도둑나방 유충 발생과 수량손실과의 관계를 구명하기 위하여 누적발생일수(cumulative insect days)와 양배추 유묘의 손실률(%)과의 관계를 회귀분석한 결과 비선형식인 logistic 모형에 잘 적용되었다. 이 식으로부터 수익한계인(gain threshold) 5%와 양배추 상품화율(91%)을 감안했을 때, 수량 감소율 14%에서 도둑나방 2령 유충의 경제적피해수준은 44 CID 이었다. 또한 요방제 밀도는 경제적 피해수준의 80%가 되는 35 CID로 추정되었다. 본 결과는 양배추 유묘시기에 도둑나방 유충을 방제하기 위한 경제적인 방제적기를 제공함으로써 본 해충의 효율적인 관리에 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.