• 한국인공지능학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.29-38
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to explore how citizens perceive application of the metaverse platforms for city marketing and investigate factors that affect overall attitude for citizen relationship management in the public sector. In particular, this study investigates the following: i) how factors including perceived city brand value, public service, emotional value, experience, personalization, economic value, social value, and cultural value on overall attitude and ii) how overall attitude affects intention to use of metaverse for the public sector and citizen satisfaction. This study conducted an online survey with the assistance of a well-known research firm. This study applied factor, ANOVA, and regression analysis to test hypotheses. The results found that effects of perceived city brand value, emotional value, information, economic value, social value, and cultural value on overall attitude toward metaverse application for the public sector showed significance. The results provide managerial and policy implications for the public sector on how to apply metaverse to provide public services and enhance engagement with citizens. The results also provide implications which aspects should be considered to enhance citizen relationship management and to build the better city brand value by applying metaverse.

• Fashion, Industry and Education
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.46-55
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• 2018

The purpose of this exploratory study was to enhance the understanding of how brands tilize emojis in their marketing practices. A content analysis was conducted utilizing Google News as a search tool to access articles containing information pertaining to the use of emojis by brands. The combination of keywords used for the search were "emoji", "business", and "marketing". The search was narrowed down to the period of January $1^{st}$, 2014 - November $29^{th}$, 2017. This method generated a total of 604 trade publications with 55 of them providing information pertaining to specific brands and their use of emojis in their marketing strategies. A content analysis of trade publications has revealed that a variety of marketers have utilized emojis in their brand marketing practices. The entertainment, service, and food/drink industries have predominantly utilized emojis in their marketing practices, and their primary purpose for using emojis was to increase consumer engagement. Brands applied most of these emoji marketing strategies to an online or digital setting, whether it was social media pages, mobile applications, or any other form of computer-based marketing. Although there are limitations to this exploratory research in terms of its methodology, the findings of this study provide interesting insights into the potential of emojis as a marketing tool.

• 마케팅과학연구
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• 제8권
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• pp.233-267
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• 2001

현대는 산업 문명의 발달로 시장의 세계화가 급속히 진행되고 있다. 비슷한 품질과 서비스를 제공하는 수많은 기업들은 각기 다양한 방법으로 자사의 제품을 차별화하며 보다 많은 시장점유율과 매출액, 이윤을 창출하기 위하여 부단한 노력을 기울이고 있다. 이 중에서 가장 대표적인 것이 자사의 브랜드를 강력하게 만틀어 관리하는 일이다. 현대의 소비자는 상품을 사지 않는다. 그들은 복잡한 설명서도 읽지 않으며, 가격으로 물건을 평가하지도 않는다. 단지 자신의 머릿속에 각인된 브랜드를 선택한다. 브랜드는 오늘날 고도의 마케팅 전략의 핵심 도구로 취급되고, 또한 중요한 법적 자산으로 평가되고 있다. 따라서, 기업의 마케터들은 자사 제품의 가치를 높이기 위한 수단으로서 브랜드 자체의 명성을 구축하는 데 심혈을 기물이고 있다. 유명하고 좋은 이미지를 가진 브랜드만이 충성 스러운 고객기반을 확보할 수 있고 가격 경쟁에서 유리한 위치를 점할 수 있으며 안정된 수 익을 확보할 수 있기 때문이다. 이와 같이, 브랜드는 비록 무형적이지만 제품이 가진 어떤 유형적인 특성보다도 중요하게 생각되고 있는 것이다- 단순히 생산자나 제품을 구별하는 수단을 넘어 중요한 자산으로 인 식되고 있으며, 이러한 맥락에서 브랜드 자산가치의 개념이 만들어 진 것이다. 본 연구는 브랜드 자산가치의 형성에 미치는 영향요인으로서 내부마케팅 요인, 마케팅믹스 요인, 브랜드수의 증가요인의 3가지 요인을 설정하여 설문조사를 통한 판매자의 평가 결과로 어떤 요인이 어느 정도의 영향을 미치는지를 분석하였다. 본 연구에서 나타난 결과를 요약하면 내부마케팅요인(조직구성원간의 직무만족, 조직구성 원간의 원활한 커뮤니케이션), 마케팅믹스요인(제품 품질, 가격정책, 유통전략, 광고 및 홍보 활동), 브랜드수의 증가요인(시장환경의 불투명성, 시장진입의 선발감)이 모두 다 브랜드 자산가치의 형성에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국전자거래학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.49-65
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• 2018

브랜드 확장 전략은 다양한 영역에서 보편적으로 사용되고 있으며, 삼성과 샤오미 등 사물인터넷 분야의 기업들은 브랜드 확장 전략을 통해 빠르게 시장 점유율을 확보하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 샤오미를 중심으로 모브랜드의 브랜드 증거와 브랜드 개성, 부정적 요인이 확장 브랜드에 미치는 영향을 확인하고, 확장 브랜드에 대한 태도가 행동의도에 미치는 영향에 대해 연구하고자 하였다. 분석 결과 브랜드 증거의 핵심 서비스와 자기 이미지 일치성, 브랜드 개성은 브랜드 신뢰에 영향을 주었으나, 브랜드 증거의 지각된 가격은 브랜드 신뢰에 영향이 없는 것으로 나타났다. 부정적 요인의 희소성은 확장 브랜드 신뢰에 영향을 주었으나, 프라이버시 염려는 관련이 없는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 샤오미의 확장 브랜드인 '스마트 홈' 시장의 기술적 혁신성이라는 특성이 소비자가 프라이버시에 대해 인지하지 못하게 하는 것으로 해석된다. 본 연구는 기존 연구와 달리 사물인터넷 서비스를 기반으로 확장 브랜드에서 모브랜드의 브랜드 증거, 브랜드 개성의 역할을 살펴보고, 부정적 요인이 확장 브랜드에 미치는 영향을 연구했다는 점에서 의의가 있다.

• 마케팅과학연구
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.47-58
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• 2009

The marketing environment has become competitive to an extent that requires firms to target their products at markets that span national boundaries. However, competitive clout cannot be achieved in global consumer markets unless firms thoroughly understand and adequately respond to the core values and needs of those consumers. Brand equity is one of the most important assets to a company. Especially in sportswear markets, brand equity is the crucial value added to a product by its brand name. Factors such as country of origin also influence customer's attitude towards brand equity. Therefore, this paper discusses the relationship between country of origin effect and brand equity, and how they influence consumers' loyalty for respective brands. This paper focused on the sports shoes market, because it is an increasing area of opportunity for world manufacturers. The objectives of this study were the following. (1) Test the effect of country of origin on brand equity. (2) Test how brand equity influences consumers' brand loyalty. (3) Find whether there are differences in the effects of country of origin and brand equity among the three countries. (4) Find whether there are differences in the effects of country of origin and brand equity among the different lifestyles. Based on the review of literature results, the hypotheses are concluded as the following: H1-a: Country image has positive influence on country of origin. H1-b: Product perception has positive influence on country of origin. H2-a: Perceived quality has positive effect on brand equity. H2-b: Perceived price has positive effect on brand equity. H3: Country of origin has positive effect on brand equity. H4: Brand equity has a positive impact on brand loyalty. Research model was constructed (see Fig. 1). After data analysis, the following results were concluded: sports shoes purchase behavior showed significant differences among Korean, Chinese, and American consumers for favorite brand, purchased brand, purchased place, information usage, and favorite sports games. The results of this study also extend the research of the relationship among country of origin, brand equity and brand loyalty to the sports shoes market. Brand equity was proven to have a significant relationship with brand loyalty for all countries. The factors which can influence brand equity are different for different countries. The third finding of this paper is that we identified different three lifestyles, adventurer, follower, and laggard, for Korean, Chinese and American consumers. Without the nationality boundary, seeing the emergence of a new group of consumers who have similar preferences and buy similar brands is more important. All of the consumers consider brand equity to keep their brand loyalty. Perceived price is the only factor which can influence brand equity for adventurers; brand is more important for them. The laggards were not influenced by any factor. All of the factors expect perceived price are important for the followers. Marketing managers should consider brand equity when introducing their brand into a new market. Also localization is the basic strategy that all the sports shoes companies should understand. But as a global brand, understanding the same characteristics for each country is more important to build global strategy.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.95-116
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• 2013

AMOREPACIFIC has rapidly grown to become a successful global brand by persistently seeking and achieving success in foreign markets. In 2011, AMOREPACIFIC was ranked as one of the global top 20 cosmetics companies. What makes AMOREPACIFIC's global success noteworthy is that AMOREPACIFIC challenged the France and the US market, where competition level is the toughest. Lolita Lempicka, AMOREPACIFIC's perfume brand, was chosen as one of the top seven most popular brands in the women's perfume market in France. In addition, Amorepacific, AMOREPACIFIC's namesake skincare brand, is currently recognized as a top prestige brand in the USA. Their success played a significant role as a bridgehead for AMOREPACIFIC in becoming a global cosmetics company. The main object of this case study is to analyze how AMOREPACIFIC became a global cosmetic company through building key brands such as Lolita Lempicka and Amorepafic, among others. Therefore, this study reviewed AMOREPACIFIC's unconventional approach in launching Lolita Lempicka in France, and Amorepacific in the US by focusing on how they foresaw the future opportunities and employed innovative marketing strategies. Specifically, we focused on Amorepacific's marketing strategy under the critical period when AMOREPACIFIC achieved great success in France with Lolita Lempicka (between 1997 and 2004) and in US with the brand, Amorepacific (2003-2008). The case of AMOREPACIFIC's success in the global markets can give valuable lessons to companies that want to extend their businesses to foreign countries and ultimately become global. One such lesson is the importance of building a successful pioneer brand in a powerful bridgehead market. While domestic competitors first entered into less competitive markets such as those in South-East Asia, AMOREPACIFIC challenged the toughest markets such as the French and US markets where the incumbent companies waged the most intensive and severe battles against Lolita Lempick and Amorepacific. Through the success in France and US market, however, AMOREPACIFIC built a powerful base for its successful global expansion. Another valuable lesson is the importance of foresight in uncovering great opportunities hidden behind the trends without losing focus on the brand's core character and values. Lolita Lempicka and Amorepacific showed excellence in foresight competition, which led them to succeed against the intense competition from Goliath companies. If Lolita Lempicka and Amorepacific had just followed the popular market trend at the time, they would have never succeeded.

• 한국주거학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국주거학회 2004년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.399-403
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• 2004

As the housing market is changing, there's a trend that the brand marketing through the TV-CM is increasing. Thus, this study purposes to identify the characteristics and the limit of the marketing on the housing market by analyzing the elements of marketing on TV-CM in the 2000's and comparing the representative business enterprises with each other. In the case of television advertisement, it is dominated by the emotional advertisement which is sensitive and image-oriented than the rational one. In addition, 1 pointed out some problems resulted from the transitional feature of the television advertisement and the gap between the real apartment and its brand image appeared on the advertisement, then I will present corresponding solutions.

• 마케팅과학연구
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.111-131
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• 2007

브랜드의 중요성이 증대됨에 따라 다양한 브랜드 관련 연구가 이루어지고 있는데, 최근 들어서는 소비자-브랜드 관계가 브랜드 연구의 중심이 되어가고 있다. 본 논문은 이러한 소비자-브랜드 관계에 있어서 높은 품질과 지속적인 연대를 가능하게 하는 브랜드 관계 품질의 측정을 다루고 있다. 소비자-브랜드 관계에 대한 대부분의 기존 연구들은 Fournier(1994, 1998)가 제시한 6개 구성요소 또는 하위 차원을 바탕으로 하고 있다. 그러나 많은 연구들에서 소비자-브랜드 관계를 구성하는 6가지의 요소 또는 하위차원들이 소비자-브랜드 관계 품질이라는 하나의 단일차원을 이루고 있는지 확인하지 못한 채 소비자-브랜드 관계를 측정하기 위해 이들 하위차원들을 결합하여 점수를 계산하고서 연구를 진행하고 있다. 이러한 문제와 관련하여 본 연구에서는 소비자-브랜드 관계 품질을 구성하고 있는 상호의존, 몰입, 사랑/정열, 자아연관, 친밀감, 브랜드 파트너 품질 등의 6개의 차원들이 단일차원의 개념인가를 검토하였고, 이를 실증적으로 검토하였다. 구체적으로 본 연구에서는 구성개념들의 하위차원들이 단일차원의 구성개념인가를 검토한 선행연구들(Naver & Slater, 1990; Cronin & Taylor, 1992; Chang & Chen, 1998)에서 사용한 방법론을 활용하여 소비자-브랜드 관계를 구성하는 하위차원들이 단일차원을 이루고 있는가를 살펴보았다. 이러한 실증연구를 통해 소비자-브랜드 관계를 구성하고 있는 6개 차원들의 신뢰성, 수렴타당성, 판별타당성을 확인할 수 있었고, 소비자-브랜드관계를 구성하는 6개의 하위차원들이 단일차원을 이루고 있다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구의 연구결과는 소비자-브랜드 관계를 구성하는 6개의 하위차원을 결합하여 소비자-브랜드 관계를 연구하였던 기존 연구들, 소비자-브랜드관계를 구성하는 하위차원을 통합하여 소비자-브랜드 관계를 종합적으로 살펴보려는 여러 연구들에 있어서 방법론상의 실증적 근거를 제시하고 있다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.278-297
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• 2018

This study examines the concept and type of art marketing used by luxury fashion brands as well as to elucidate the productive outcome of art marketing based on art marketing case studies. The research methods adopted in this study were a literature review and case studies. The scope of the research focused on companies operating luxury fashion brands such as Louis Vuitton S.A., Kering Group, Prada S.p.A., $Herm{\grave{e}}s$ International S.A., Salvatore Ferragamo Group, Giorgio Armani S.p.A. and Compagnie $Financi{\grave{e}}re$ Richemont S.A.. The results showed that luxury brands using art marketing to enhance the competitiveness of the company by combining art and marketing mainly incorporate the following types of art marketing: art foundation and museum, art sponsorship, art collaboration, advertising campaign, exhibition promotion, and flagship stores. In terms of the outcome of art marking by luxury fashion brands, it was found that art marketing facilitates company activities help companies acquire a positive image from revitalizing culture and art, produces increased profits for the companies due to increased product sales as well as expands the marketability of respective companies through company PR and brand promotion, customer satisfaction by providing cultural space, artistic places and new experiences.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.111-124
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• 2009

The purpose of the study was to provide the basic information that is needed to build marketing strategies related to consumers' brand-switching, through investigation into sport shoe consumers' motivations for brand-switching, as determined by their age and gender. The study was implemented by means of a descriptive survey method using a questionnaire. The sample consisted of 534 consumers between the ages of 13 and 59, residing in the Seoul area. The survey for the study was conducted during the period of October 10 through December 5, in 2008. Descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA and Duncan's Test were employed for the analysis of data gathered. The results revealed that there are differences with regard to the degree that the functional/aesthetic factors of sport shoes contribute to the motivation for brand-switching, when assessed with respect to the age and gender of consumers. The contributory degrees of situational factors and social/emotional curiosity factors of consumers are also different with regard to the motivation for brand-switching behavior of sport shoe consumers in accordance with their age and gender. Therefore, marketing strategies related to brand-switching behavior will be more effective when they are differentiated according to the target age and gender, even with respect to the same type of product, such as sport shoes.