• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.38A no.12
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• pp.1094-1101
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• 2013

This paper proposes an improved branch predictor that reduces the number execution cycles of applications by selectively accessing a specific element in 4-way associative cache. When a branch instruction is fetched, the proposed branch predictor acquires a branch target address from the selected element in the cache by referring to MRU buffer. Branch prediction rate and application execution speed are considerably improved by increasing the number of BTAC entries in restricted power condition, when compared with that of previous branch predictor which accesses all elements. The effectiveness of the proposed dynamic branch predictor is verified by executing benchmark applications on the core simulator. Experimental results show that number of execution cycles decreases by an average of 10.1%, while power consumption increases an average of 7.4%, when compared to that of a core without a dynamic branch predictor. Execution cycles are reduced by 4.1% in comparison with a core which employs previous dynamic branch predictor.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.23-29
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• 2001

In this study, the optimized initial hole shape for T-branch forming was proposed to obtain effective welding region. Design variables were determined by approximation analysis using volume constant condition. We performed 3D elastic-plastic FEM(Finite Element Method) analysis to simulate T-branch forming process. The variation of height and thickness of T-branch with various hole shapes was investigated. The optimized initial hole shape equation was obtained by using results for the numerical analysis.

• Journal of ILASS-Korea
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2015

Visualization of the mixing pattern in a non-element mixer was carried out using laser induced fluorescence(LIF) to evaluate characteristics of mixer consisting of the main flow pipe and branch flow pipes. The branch flows were injected periodically with the period $T_{in}$ normal to the main flow, and rhodamine B was mixed into the most upstream branch flow to visualize mixing pattern in the main flow pipe by LIF. The length of boundary line L of the LIF image was measured. In this study, a numerical analysis was performed to identify the mixing process of the non-element mixer, and the results were compared with experimental results. Each result was almost the same. When the number of branch flows is increased, the mixing pattern became complicated and was supposed to become chaotic. The length of boundary line L increased exponentially with an increase in the number of branch flows.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.9-20
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• 1985

Dimensional variation of secondary xylem elements, such as vessel element and fiber, was investigated in root, stem and branch of Alnus hirsuta and A. firma. It is clear that vessel diameter in the root is the widest, next in the stem, and the least in the branch. Length of vessel element among them becomes, however, larger in following sequence; stem, root, and branch, whereas fiber diameter and length are the widest in the root, the second in the stem, and the least in the branch. The size of secondary xylem element at any one level in tree increases from the center (pith) of the organs through a number of annual rings to the outer.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.299-304
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• 2008

This paper presents plastic limit loads of piping branch junctions with local wall thinning under combined pressure and in-plane bending, based on systematic three-dimensional finite element limit analyses using elastic-perfectly plastic materials. An ideal branch junction without weld or reinforcement around the intersection is considered with two locations of wall thinning; one in the run pipe, and the other in the branch pipe. Based on FE results, effects of thinning geometries on plastic limit moments are quantified and simple approximations of plastic limit loads are proposed.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.89 no.1
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• pp.93-102
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• 2024

Using negative Poisson's ratio materials, an innovative metallic-yielding damper is introduced for the first time in this study. Through the use of ABAQUS commercial software, a nonlinear finite element analysis is conducted to determine the performance of the proposed system. Mild steel plates with elliptical holes are used for these types of dampers, which dissipate energy through an inelastic deformation of the constitutive material. To assess the capability of the proposed damper, nonlinear quasi-static finite element analyses have been conducted on the damper with a variety of geometric parameters. According to the results, the proposed system is ductile and has a high capacity to dissipate energy. The proposed auxetic damper has a specific energy absorption of 910.8 J/kg and a ductility of 33.6. Therefore, this damper can dissipate a large amount of earthquake input energy without buckling by increasing the buckling load of the brace with its ductile behavior. In addition, it was found that by incorporating auxetic dampers in the steel frame, the frame was made harder, stronger, and ductile and its energy absorption increased by 300%.

• Coupled systems mechanics
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.59-86
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• 2016

This paper deals with the free vibration analysis of a dynamical coupled system: flexible gravity dam- compressible rectangular reservoir. The finite element method is used to compute the natural frequencies and modal shapes of the system. Firstly, the reservoir and subsequently the dam is modeled by classical 8-node elements and the natural frequencies plus modal shapes are calculated. Afterwards, a new 21-node element is introduced and the same procedure is conducted in which an efficient method is employed to carry out the integration operations. Finally, the coupled dam-reservoir system is modeled by solely one 21-node element and the free vibration of dam-reservoir interaction system is investigated. As an important result, it is clearly concluded that the one high-order element treats more precisely than the eight-node elements, since the first one utilizes fifth-degree polynomials to construct the shape functions and the second implements polynomials of degree two.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.21 no.1 s.65
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• pp.98-105
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• 2007

On this study, we verified the possibilities of making T-branch pipe forming with carbon steel pipes and stainless steel pipes used by common FEM Program(ABAQUS) which are widely used in the fire protection and building construction fields. In this kind of T-branch pipe forming works, in principle, the seamless pipe is used. If the pipe has the seam, the forming face must be the opposite side of the seam. The forming works are carried out by a truncated cone shaped plug. We found that the face slope and the length of plug are the most important factor in pipe forming. Based on the results of forming analyses, we proposed the minimum height and thickness of pipe branch forming.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.20 no.4 s.64
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• pp.19-25
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• 2006

In this paper, a new design of the sprinkler branch outlet for fire-extinguishing purposes is presented together with its manufacturing process. The conventional three-piece design is improved by a new one-piece design with the help of the manufacturing technology of cold forging. The forging process is simulated and optimized by the rigid-plastic finite element method and the design tryouts are thus minimized. It has been shown through its applications that the presented system is much more economical and structurally stronger.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.86 no.1
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• pp.85-92
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• 2023

This article examines the seismic vulnerability of soil nail wall structures. Detailed information regarding finite element modeling has been provided. The fragility function evaluates the relationship between ground motion intensities and the probability of surpassing a specific level of damage. The use of incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) has been applied to the soil nail wall against low to severe ground motions. In the nonlinear dynamic analysis of the soil nail wall, a set of twenty seismic ground motions with varying PGA ranges are used. The numerical results demonstrate that the soil-nailed wall reaction is extremely sensitive to earthquake ground vibrations under different intensity measures (IM). In addition, the analytical fragility curve is provided for various intensity values.