• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제14권10호
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• pp.1497-1504
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• 2001

There is emerging interest in using xenotransplantation of porcine cells, tissues and organs for treatment of human illness. This article reviews the current status of xenotransplantation, with particular emphasis on the physiological and immunological barriers to xenotransplantation and genetic manipulations to overcome xenograft rejection. Preliminary success in xenotransplantation therapy for human Parkinson's disease using porcine foetal brain cells is described. Finally the zoonotic dangers of porcine xenotransplantation, most particularly porcine endogenous retroviruses (PERVs), are discussed.

• 대한치과마취과학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.81-87
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• 2013

This article discusses the issues of benefit and possibility of application of patient-controlled sedation (PCS) for the dental treatment. The purpose of administering PCS for patients is to diminish anxiety and to provide cooperative and effective dental treatment. But there are a lot of barriers to application of PCS such as knowledge about pharmacokinetics of sedatives, expensive high speed and patient-controllable syringe pump, and well educated sedationist. And there could be risk of deep sedation, airway obstruction and hypoxic brain damages, etc. In order to decrease incidence of complication, appropriate drug selection, selection of right bolus dose, lock-out time is much important.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.124-131
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• 2013

South Korea is changing into a multi-cultural society, due to an increase in international marriage, foreign workers and transcultural immigration. In addition, the number of North Korean defectors entering South Korea has increased and now, there are approximately 25000. Therefore, this review have focused on a research that pertains to adaptation and mental health concerns of their children. Children who have immigrated themselves or whose parents have immigrated, might experience language barriers, difficulties in school adjustment, identity confusion and mental health problems. However, their academic performance and developmental status are known to be variable and be affected by socioeconomic status and their parents' educational level. Studies that evaluated the psychological problems of North Korean adolescent refugees' indicated the need for interests in both emotional and behavioral problems. The risk factors of North Korean adolescent refugees' mental health are suggested to be past traumatic experiences, long duration of defection and short period of adaptation. When mental health professionals provide assessment and treatment, they should consider the pre- and post-migration experiences & cultural background that affect the illness behaviors and attitudes toward mental illnesses. Lastly, the majority of children with multi-cultural background are still under an adolescent period and we should follow up with long-term perspectives.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.19-27
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• 2015

Purpose: To determine factors of kindergarten teachers' willingness to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and to suggest education methods toward CPR. Methods: We interviewed 92 kindergarten teachers trained to administer CPR. Among them, 74 answered the questions regarding CPR experience, barriers, and willingness. Logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association of willingness factors to cognition, performance, and attitude toward CPR. Results: Of the participants, 73 (98.7%) were female, 32 (43.0%) were in their twenties (mean age: 33.9 years), 31 (41.9%) graduated college, 47 (63.5%) had < 10 years of tenure, and 65 (87.8%) and 62 (83.8%) indicated willingness to perform CPR to family members and kindergarteners, respectively. Barrier factors included fear of performing CPR incorrectly (46.8%) and injuring the victim (25.6%). Willingness factors included understanding brain death (37.7%) and performing CPR correctly (26.1%). Willingness predictors included attitude toward family members (OR: 4.54, 95% CI: 1.19 -17.39, p = .027) and kindergarteners (OR: 3.07, 95% CI: 1.15-8.22, p = .025), and cognition to kindergarteners (OR: 0.36, 95% CI: 0.13-0.99, p = .050). Conclusion: The kindergarten teachers were more willing to perform CPR to family members and kindergarteners than to others in an attitude-dependent manner.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.168-175
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• 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate and report the current status of physical therapy (PT) performed in Korean neonatal intensive care units (NICU) to present foundational data that promotes the advances in neonatal PT in Korea. Methods: Based on the Health Insurance Review and Assessment (HIRA) data, we administered a questionnaire survey to 74 hospitals (39 tertiary and 35 general hospitals) in Korea equipped with a NICU and pediatric PT unit. We developed a 32-item questionnaire with reference to previous Korean studies. The questionnaires were distributed and retrieved via regular mail and an online system. Results: Of the 74 hospitals, 58 (78%) practiced neonatal PT and the duration of each session significantly differed according to the hospital rating. PT was given, depending on clinical symptoms, to infants who were preterm and low birth-weight (96.5%), had brain and spinal cord diseases (84.5%), had pathological tonus (94.8%), with respiratory problems (65.5%), for range of motion exercises (82.8%), for neurodevelopment approaches (72.4%), and for positioning (70.7%). Interdisciplinary meetings were held to share clinical decisionmaking in 17.2% of the hospitals surveyed and parent-participating education to ensure a family-centered approach was offered in 63.8% of the hospitals. The barriers of neonatal PT included low insurance fees, insufficient awareness of colleagues, and the severity of the patient. Conclusion: This study is the first report of the current status of neonatal PT in Korea. The findings of this study will serve as foundational data to review the current neonatal PT practice and promote further advances.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.24-35
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• 2009

Object : In conditions of brain infarction, irreversible axon damage occurs in the central nerve system (CNS), because gliosis makes physical and mechanical barriers. If gliosis formation could be suppressed, irreversible axon damage would be reduced. This could mean that an injured CNS could be regenerated. CD81 and GFAP have close relationships to gliosis. The increase in glial cells at CNS injury gives rise to the expression of CD81 and GFAP. CD81 was postulated to play a central role in the process of CNS scar formation. Method : In this study, the author investigated the effect of the water extract of the Moutan Radicis Cortex on regulation of CD81 and GFAP expression in injured CNS cells. MTT assay was used to examine cell viability, while RT-PCR and ELISA methods were carried out to measure the expression of CD81 and GFAP in the astrocyte. Results : We observed that water extract of the Moutan Radicis Cortex increased cell viability under hypoxia induced by $CoCl_2$ and suppressed the expression of CD81 and GFAP up-regulated by hypoxia. Conclusion : These results suggest that the Moutan Redicis Cortex could promote neural regeneration as a consequence of protecting CNS cells from hypoxia and suppressing the reactive gliosis following CNS injury.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.195-203
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• 2023

Exposure to environmental chemicals, including endocrine-disrupting chemicals, during the gestational period can have profound adverse effects on several organs in offspring. Bisphenol A (BPA) can infiltrate the human body through food and drinks, and its metabolites can cross both the placental and the blood-brain barriers. In this study, we investigate the effect of gestational exposure to BPA on epigenetic, biochemical, and histological modifications in the uterine tissues of F1 adult offspring rats. Pregnant rats were exposed to BPA from gestational day 8-15, and changes in global DNA methylation in uterine tissues obtained from adult offspring born to the exposed mothers were analyzed. Global DNA methylation analysis revealed that gestational exposure to BPA resulted in DNA hypomethylation in the uterus. Progesterone receptor (PR) protein expression in uterine tissues was monitored using western blot analysis, which revealed that the PR protein content was considerably higher in all BPA-exposed groups than in the control. Immunohistochemical examination for the PR revealed that intense PR-positive cells were more frequently observed in the BPA-exposed group than in the control group. To date, the evidence that the upregulation of PRs observed in the present study was caused by the non-methylation of specific PR promoter regions is lacking. Conclusively, these results indicate that exposure to BPA during gestation induces epigenetic alterations in the uteri of adult female offspring. We speculate that the global DNA hypomethylation and upregulation of the PR observed simultaneously in this study might be associated with the uterus.