• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.260-268
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• 1995

건전한 뇌의 수분 함량은 뇌혈류장벽의 투과성, 혈관내 정수압, 혈장의 삼투압 Na-K-APTase pump의 기능에 의해서 결정된다. 뇌허혈에 의해 이러한 기전이 파괴되면 세포 사이의 정상적인 수분이동이 영향을 받게 된다. 그러므로 뇌허혈이 생길 수 있는 수술의 경우에 분리 뇌관류를 하면 뇌허혈시 발생하는 독성 대사물을 발생을 억제하고 뇌혈류의 분포를 개선하여 신경세포의 손상을 줄이고 뇌부종을 감소시킬 수 있으리라 생각되어 토끼에서 분리 뇌관류 모델을 만들어 허혈 유도 후 관류군과 비관류군의 대뇌피질과 해면구의 비중을 정상 토끼와 비교하였다. 뇌허혈에 의해 관류군과 비관류군의 뇌비중이 유의하게 감소하여 뇌부종이 발생하였음을 나타내었고, 비관류군이 판류군보다 유의하게 감소하여 뇌부종이 더욱 현저하였던 것으로 보아 냉각 식염수로 뇌관류한 것이 뇌부종의 발생을 억제한 것으로 생각된다.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.82-92
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• 2000

The purpose of the present study was to explore the proper method for animal stroke model of Oriental medicine To this end, brain ischemia was induced by distal middle cerebral artery occlusion(dMCAO) and proximal middle cerebral artery occlusion(pMCAO) and evaluated with the method of Triphenyl Tetrazolium Chloride (TTC) staining and Swimming Behavior Test. Results demonstrated that first, infarct size and volume of pMCAO group were significantly bigger that those of dMCAO group. Second, analysis of swimming behavior test revealed that the percentage of left turning angles of pMCAO was significantly bigger than that of dMCAO. Third, during swimming behavior test, there were peculiar traces of small successive circles that represent motor dysfunction and conscious disturbance among dMCAO group. The results of the study thus indicate that non-invasive intraluminal method of pMCAO was the appropriate animal stroke model for Oriental medicine in the light of brain ischemia as hemiplesia and conscious disturbance.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제65권4호
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• pp.603-608
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• 2022

Vertebral artery (VA) occlusion is frequently encountered, usually without acute ischemic injury of the brain. However, when it is accompanied by hypoplasia or stenosis of the opposite VA, brain ischemia may develop due to insufficient collateral supply. Both hemodynamic instability and embolic infarction can occur in VA occlusion, which may cause severe symptoms in a patient. Extracranial carotid-VA bypass should be considered for symptomatic VA occlusion patients, especially when the patient has repeated ischemic brain injuries. In this report, the cases of three extracranial carotid-VA bypass patients are introduced, along with a brief description of the surgical techniques. All three cases were treated with different bypass methods according to their disease location.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.84-91
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• 1968

The arteries in and under the brain of the fowl were invesitigated. Arteries of the brain were injected with neoplen latex into the arteria carotis communis. Those were fixed in 10--- formalin. After fixation, those brain were carefully removed from the cranial cavity doing not wound the arteries of the brain. The results of observation on the arterial supply under the brain surface were essentially the same as those obtained by Hofmann Shiina and Mjyata, Kaku, and Kithoh. The nomenclature of the arteries used by other authers were written in the discussion. In this observation, several conclusions were obtained. 1. In the arteries under the brain of the fowl, their front anastomoses forming the circle of Willis under the brain surface of the mammalia were not seen in all brain. 2. It is very difficult to indicate so called A. cerebri anterior as only one artery ramus. 3. Artery distribution of the two-third in the fissura longitudinal cerebri surface originate from on1y one side in the left or right A. cerebri posterior, and origins of the right side were man number than left. 4. The origin of the A. basilaris originate from only one side R. posterior, therefore their origin were more left than right. 5. There is Rami arteries that branch from A. ethmoidalis to Chiasma opticum in all cases.

• 대한중풍순환신경학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.54-61
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• 2009

Arteriosclerosis is a pathologic term that contains hardening of arterial wall, loss of arterial elasticity and stenosis of artery. To diagnose this disease, conventional angiography, MRA, transcranial doppler ultrasonography are commonly used. And it causes various clinical phases by a region of the disease. In oriental medicine, arteriosclerosis is classified into congested fluids(痰飮), blood stasis(瘀血), stagnation of Gi(氣滯) and treated by Herb-Med, acupuncture, cupping, moxibustion, and the like. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of oriental medical therapy on cerebral arteriosclerosis. A patient with cerebrovascular disease admitted due to dizziness, mild dysarthria, tinnitus, anxiety disorder and his Brain MRA showed severe arteriosclerosis in right anterior cerebral artery(ACA) and middle cerebral artery(MCA). Every day, we administered to patient Herb Med and Herb pills. Also, acupuncture, moxibustion were done, too. As a result of the treatment, the patient's follow up Brain MRA showed improved state of ACA stenosis.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.49-52
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• 2023

Blunt carotid artery injury can lead to impaired brain perfusion due to ischemic stroke and thromboembolic events. To reduce the risk of potential neurological complications, it is critical to determine the diagnosis and management protocol as quickly as possible after a detailed clinical examination. This report presents successful surgical treatment of a young male patient who developed a traumatic left common carotid artery thrombosis after a motor vehicle accident.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제49권5호
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• pp.287-289
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• 2011

Thalamoperforating artery aneurysms are rarely reported in the literature. We report an extremely rare case of ruptured distal anterior thalamoperforating artery aneurysm which was treated by endovascular obliteration in a patient with occlusion of both the internal carotid arteries (ICAs) : A 72-year-old woman presented with severe headache and loss of consciousness. Initial level of consciousness at the time of admission was drowsy and the Glasgow Coma Scale score was 14. Brain computed tomography (CT) scan was performed which revealed intracerebral hemorrhage in right basal ganglia, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and intraventricular hemorrhage. The location of the aneurysm was identified as within the globus pallidus on CT angiogram. Conventional cerebral angiogram demonstrated occlusion of both the ICAs just distal to the fetal type of posterior communicating artery and the aneurysm was arising from right anterior thalamoperforating artery (ATPA). A microcatheter was navigated into ATPA and the ATPA proximal to aneurysm was embolized with 20% glue. Post-procedural ICA angiogram demonstrated no contrast filling of the aneurysm sac. The patient was discharged without any neurologic deficit. Endovascular treatment of ATPA aneurysm is probably a more feasible and safe treatment modality than surgical clipping because of the deep seated location of aneurysm and the possibility of brain retraction injury during surgical operation.

• 한국항행학회논문지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.115-122
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• 2013

최근 의료영상을 이용한 질병 진단법에 대한 관심이 증가하고 있는 추세이다. 관절경화증은 경동맥의 동맥을 좁게 하여 뇌로 들어가는 혈류의 일부 또는 전체를 차단하는 원인이 된다. 뇌로 흘러가는 혈류가 차단되는 경우 심각한 뇌졸중을 야기하기도 한다. 만일 초기에 경동맥 플라크를 발견하고 이를 치료하면 심각한 뇌졸중을 예방할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 경동맥의 동맥 초음파 영상에서 경동맥 플라크를 쉽게 발견하기 위한 능동적 윤곽선 추출기법에 기반을 둔 자동 분할기법을 제안한다. 실험에서 사용되는 초음파 영상은 자동 분할기법을 적용하기 전에 적절히 정렬되어있다고 가정한다. 경동맥의 동맥 초음파 영상에 대하여 스네이크 모델을 이용하여 자동분할 방법과 수동분할 방법을 질적 비교한 결과 제안된 방법이 성공적으로 적용되었음을 보여준다. 실험결과 제안된 방법은 방사선사들이 플라크를 쉽게 찾는데 도움을 줄 수 있는 자동화 방법이 될 것으로 예상된다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제57권1호
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• pp.1-5
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• 2015

Objective : Cerebral vessels, such as intracerebral perforating arterioles isolated from rat brain, have been widely used as an ex vivo model to study the cerebrovascular function associated with cerebrovascular disorders and the therapeutic effects of various pharmacological agents. These perforating arterioles, however, have demonstrated differences in the vascular architecture and reactivity compared with a larger leptomeningeal artery which has been commonly implicated in cerebrovascular disease. In this study, therefore, we developed the method for studying cerebrovascular function utilizing the olfactory artery isolated from the mouse brain. Methods : The olfactory artery (OA) was isolated from the C57/BL6 wild-type mouse brain. After removing connective tissues, one side of the isolated vessel segment (approximately $-500{\mu}m$ in length) was cannulated and the opposite end of the vessel was completely sealed while being viewed with an inverted microscope. After verifying the absence of pressure leakage, we examined the vascular reactivity to various vasoactive agents under the fixed intravascular pressure (60 mm Hg). Results : We found that the isolated mouse OAs were able to constrict in response to vasoconstrictors, including KCl, phenylephrine, endothelin-1, and prostaglandin $PGH_2$. Moreover, this isolated vessel demonstrated vasodilation in a dose-dependent manner when vasodilatory agents, acetylcholine and bradykinin, were applied. Conclusion : Our findings suggest that the isolated olfactory artery would provide as a useful ex vivo model to study the molecular and cellular mechanisms of vascular function underlying cerebrovascular disorders and the direct effects of such disease-modifying pathways on cerebrovascular function utilizing pharmacological agents and genetically modified mouse models.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.37-46
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• 2000

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Angelicae Gigantis Radix on brain damage and the cardiovascular system. Method : By administration Angelicae Gigantis Radix, we compared treated groups with not treated groups, in view of five points as follows $\circled1$ the intervascular eNOS, $\circled2$ the blood pressure of SHR, $\circled3$ the transcription of the Kir6.2, $\circled4$ the survival time of the rats when common carotid artery was ligated, and $\circled5$ antiplatelet aggregation. Result : In this experiment, Angelicae Gigantis Radix treated group showed significant produced in the intervascular eNOS and decreased the blood pressure of SHR, increased the transcription of the Kir6.2 and SUR significantly in all Treated groups, prolonged the survival time of the rats when common carotid artery, showed the effects on antiplatelet aggregation. Conclusion : According to the above results, Angelicae Gigantis Radix can protect the brain damage and have cardiovascular system effect.