• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.861-878
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• 2003

In the ancient time wind is considered as the life . soul and the human's breath which represents essence of universal creation and the absolute power and also the messenger of the god or god's state. Greek's 'pneuma' , India's 'Brahman' and the Old Testament's 'ruach' are used to signify the wind. Also Wind(風) in traditional culture, it is related to 玄妙之道 of 花郞, the flower of youth in Shilla dynasty and sexual intercourse in shaman's dream which can be thought as Freud's libido. In this aspect we can see the connection between the wind and the libido which can be meaning of sexual desire. Ancient Chinese wrote word ‘風’ as phoenix, the god's bird, the phoenix in inscriptions on bones and tortoise carapace(甲骨文) because one can feel the wind but can’t see it. The word Ki(氣) origins from 風 therefore 風 is 氣's fundamental notion. The wind can be understood by ki which travels around the world to create all nature. And the Wind is associated with 風化, 玄鳥, 八僧舞, which are related with reproduction. In the book of change (周易) the 震巽卦 ; 雷風 come under wind which means the function of ki and also menas the 精(essence of life) of 恒久(eternity) means the reprodution ; that performs succession of life. In the Oriental Medicine 氣 is a phenomenon that appears by movement of Ki by 相火(Ministerial fire). 相火 is core of the succession of life which means preservation of descendants; therefore 風 has very similar concept with sexual desire. 風 is the beginning ki of universe and in human body aspect 風 belong to the Liver Meridian. If 風 makes movement then the Pericardium Meridian of Hand Kwolum responds and the genital organs which belongs to Liver Meridian of Leg Kwolum reproductive function by contraction and expansion. Generally 風 understood as movement and origination and this is recognized as meaning of 氣. Therefore as studied above the present writer believe m. participates closely to reproductive function.

• 한국축산시설환경학회지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.157-170
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• 1999

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of Scoria, Quartz porphyry and Oak charcoal powder feeding by 1% level of concentrate on the fattening cross bred bulls(5/8 Korean Native Cattle, 2/8 Charolais, 1/8 Brahman germ plasma) Feeding trial was conducted with 4 treatment groups which were T1(Full feeding of concentrate and roughage for 12 months), T2(T1 and Scoria addition), T3(T1 and Quartz porphyry addition) and T4(Oak charcoal addition) for 360 days, consisting of 32 heads whose initially weights were about 299.7kg. The results obtained are summarized as follows; 1. During the over-all period, average daily gains by T3, T4, T2 and T1 were 1.024, 0.987, 0.977kg and 0.964, respectively, without a significant difference by treatments. 2. Concentrate intakes per body weight and TDN intakes required per unit of kilogram gain were lower in addition agent groups than in control, and in all the treatments feed efficiency was higher at early stage for 360 fattening day than at end stage. 3. Carcass weight, dressing percent, back-fat thickness and loin eye muscle area by treatments were 330.9 to 348.4kg(average 340.3kg), 55.2~56.2(average 55.8%), 0.41~0.55(average 0.46cm)and 76.0~80.9$\textrm{cm}^2$(average 77.6$\textrm{cm}^2$), respectively, and were improved in addition agent groups than in control. 4. Meat quality grade is higher in addition agent groups than in control, and heads of 1st grade by treatments was 3, 2, 1 and none in T4, T2, T3 and T1, respectively. 5. Incidence heads of diseases by treatment were not apparently different, but diseases of digestive system was decreased in addition agent groups than in control. 6. The nitrate nitrogen content of fattening bull dung which collected in rectum were 0.082~0.089% (average 0.084%), and the content in addition agent groups was smaller than in controll. 7. Income was higher in order of T4, T3, T2, and T1 and incomes of treatment groups were grater than that of control group by 21.4 to 33.5 percent. According to the above results it may be concluded that fattening bulls may be required to feed no more than 1% of Scoria, Quartz porphyry and Oak charcoal powder based on the concentrate feeding level during the fattening period(12 to 24 month of age) to produce high quality meat and increase income.