• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.171-175
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• 2006

The aim of this in vitro study was to test the effect of microinjection (Mi) of foreign gene into the rabbit egg pronucleus and epidermal growth factor (EGF) addition on the blastocyst rate, the cell number and the diameter of embryos, and to determine possible relationships between embryo cell number and embryo diameter. Blastocyst rate was significantly decreased in gene- Mi (G-Mi/E0) group (63.1%) comparing to intact ones (83.5%, $p_1$<0.05). The addition of EGF at 20ng/ml (G-Mi/E20) or 200 ng/ml (GMi/ E200) to gene-Mi embryos did not affect blastocyst rate (65.6 and 55.2% resp.). As a control for Mi, the eggs were microinjected with the same volume of phosphate-buffered solution (PBS-Mi) instead of the gene construct solution. Cell numbers and embryo diameters were measured from embryo images obtained on confocal laser scanning microscope. Bonferroni-modified LSD test showed that the embryo cell number in PBS-Mi group was significantly lower ($p_1$<0.05) and in gene-Mi group was tended to decrease compared with intact embryos. Embryo diameter was not different among experimental groups. No effect of EGF given at any doses both on the cell number and embryo diameter was found. A positive correlation between cell number and embryo diameter was observed in all groups of embryos. Since embryo diameter was not changed under the influence of Mi or EGF addition in this study, this seems to be more conservative characteristics of the embryo morphology. These results suggest that the pronuclear microinjection compromises developmental potential of embryos, decreasing blastocyst rate and embryo cell number, whilst embryo diameter is not affected. No effects of EGF on studied parameters were confirmed. Declined quality of Mi-derived embryos is caused by the microinjection procedure itself, rather than by the gene construct used.

• BMB Reports
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.493-502
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• 2004

The genetic diversity and species-diagnostic markers in the introduced apple snail, Pomacea canaliculata and in the native Thai apple snails; Pila ampullacea, P. angelica, P. pesmei, and P. polita, were investigated by restriction analysis of COI and are reported for the first time. Twenty-one composite haplotypes showing non-overlapping distributions among species were found. Genetic heterogeneity analysis indicated significant differences between species (P < 0.0001) and within P. pesmei (P < 0.0001) and P. angelica (P < 0.0004). No such heterogeneity was observed in Pomacea canaliculata (P > 0.0036 as modified by the Bonferroni procedure), P. ampullacea (P = 0.0824-1.000) and P. polita (P = 1.0000). A neighbor-joining tree based on genetic distance between pairs of composite haplotypes differentiated all species and indicated that P. angelica and P. pesmei are closely related phylogenetically. In addition, the 16S rDNA of these species was cloned and sequenced. A species-specific PCR for P. canaliculata was successfully developed with a sensitivity of detection of approximately 50 pg of the target DNA template. The amplification of genomic DNA (50 pg and 25 ng) isolated from the fertilized eggs, and juveniles (1, 7, and 15 d after hatching) of Pomacea canaliculata was also successful, and suggested that Pomacea canaliculata and Pila species can be discriminated from the early stages of development.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제60권12호
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• pp.31.1-31.10
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• 2018

Background: Research on loci influencing milk production traits of dairy cattle is one of the main topics of investigation in livestock. Many genomic regions and polymorphisms associated with dairy production have been reported worldwide. In this context, the purpose of this study was to identify candidate loci associated with milk yield in Argentinean dairy cattle. A database of candidate genes and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for milk production and composition was developed. Thirty-nine SNPs belonging to 22 candidate genes were genotyped on 1643 animals (Holstein and Holstein x Jersey). The genotypes obtained were subjected to association studies considering the whole population and discriminating the population by Holstein breed percentage. Phenotypic data consisted of milk production values recorded during the first lactation of 1156 Holstein and 462 Holstein ${\times}$ Jersey cows from 18 dairy farms located in the central dairy area of Argentina. From these records, 305-day cumulative milk production values were predicted. Results: Eight SNPs (rs43375517, rs29004488, rs132812135, rs137651874, rs109191047, rs135164815, rs43706485, and rs41255693), located on six Bos taurus autosomes (BTA4, BTA6, BTA19, BTA20, BTA22, and BTA26), showed suggestive associations with 305-day cumulative milk production (under Benjamini-Hochberg procedure with a false discovery rate of 0.1). Two of those SNPs (rs43375517 and rs135164815) were significantly associated with milk production (Bonferroni adjusted p-values < 0.05) when considering the Holstein population. Conclusions: The results obtained are consistent with previously reported associations in other Holstein populations. Furthermore, the SNPs found to influence bovine milk production in this study may be used as possible candidate SNPs for marker-assisted selection programs in Argentinean dairy cattle.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.245-253
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• 2011

연구 목적: 양극 산화 티타늄 임플란트의 표면에RGD펩타이드를 화학적 고정 및 물리적 흡착 방법을 통해 코팅하고, 이러한 코팅방법에 따른 표면 변화와 펩타이드의 코팅여부, 인간간엽줄기세포 배양시의 부착, 증식, 분화를 비교하여, 펩타이드를 임플란트 표면에 코팅시키는 방법과 세포의 반응 간의 관계를 분석하고자 하였다. 연구 재료 및 방법: 직경 12.0 mm, 두께 3.0 mm의 양극 산화 티타늄 디스크 상에, 대조군은 아무런 코팅을 시행하지 않았으며, 실험군은 표면에 형광 물질이 고정되어 있는 RGD펩타이드를 화학적 고정 방법과 물리적 흡착 방법으로 코팅시켰다. 펩타이드 코팅 이후의 표면 변화를 살펴보기 위해 주사전자현미경관찰, 형광현미경 관찰, X-ray Photoelectron Spectrometry (XPS) 분석을 시행하였다. 세포 부착 정도와 형태의 변화 및 증식 정도를 평가하였다. 분화의 정도를 살펴보기 위해, 정량중합효소연쇄반응, alkaline phosphatase activity assay, alizarin red assay를 이용하여 각각 분석하였다. 통계 분석은 SPSS (ver. 17.0, SPSS, IL, USA)프로그램을 이용하여 Kruskal-Wallis test로 유의성을 검증하였고, 사후 검정은 Bonferroni test를 시행하였다(P=.05). 결과: 형광 현미경, XPS 분석 결과, 두 가지 코팅 방법에서 모두 펩타이드의 코팅이 확인되었으며, 물리적 흡착 방법이 화학적 고정 방법보다 더 많은 양의 펩타이드를 코팅시킬 수 있었다. 코팅 방법의 차이에 따른 세포의 초기 부착 정도와 형태 변화, 증식의 정도에는 유의할만한 차이가 나타나지 않았다(P>.05). 세포의 분화 정도는 물리적 흡착 실험군에서 대조군과 화학적 흡착 실험군에서보다 collagen type I과 osteocalcin, osteopontin의 양이 증가되었으며, ALP activity가 유의하게 증가되었다(P<.05). 결론: RGD-펩타이드를 양극 산화 임플란트에 코팅함으로써 인간간엽줄기세포의 반응에 영향을 주어 임플란트의 골유착을 증진시킬 수 있는 가능성을 확인하였으며, 특히 많은 양의 펩타이드를 코팅할 수 있는 물리적 흡착 방법이 화학적 고정 방법보다 인간간엽줄기세포 반응에 더 효과적임을 알 수 있었다.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.57-62
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• 2011

MATERIALS AND METHODS. Ceramics have a long history in fixed prosthodontics for achieving optimal esthetics and various materials have been used to improve ceramic core strength. However, there is a lack of information on how color is affected by fabrication procedure. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of various dentin ceramic thicknesses and repeated firings on the color of zirconium oxide all-ceramic system (LavaTM) fabricated using CAD/CAM technology. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Thirty disc-shaped cores, 12 mm in diameter with a 1 mm thickness were fabricated from zirconium oxide based all ceramic systems ($Lava^{TM}$, 3M ESPE, St Paul, MN, USA) and divided into three groups (n = 10) according to veneering with dentin ceramic thicknesses: as 0.5, 1, or 1.5 mm. Repeated firings (3, 5, 7, or 9) were performed, and the color of the specimens was compared with the color after the initial firing. Color differences among ceramic specimens were measured using a spectrophotometer (VITA Easyshade, VITA Zahnfabrik, Bad $S{\ddot{a}}ckingen$, Germany) and data were expressed in CIELAB system coordinates. A repeated measures ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc test were used to analyze the data (n = 10, ${\alpha}=.05$). RESULTS. $L^{\ast}a^{\ast}b^{\ast}$ values of the ceramic systems were affected by the number of firings (3, 5, 7, or 9 firings) (P<.001) and ceramic thickness (0.5, 1, or 1.5 mm) (P<.001). Significant interactions were present in $L^{\ast}a^{\ast}b^{\ast}$ values between the number of firings and ceramic thickness (P<.001). An increase in number of firings resulted in significant increase in $L^{\ast}$ values for both 0.5 mm and 1.5 mm thicknesses (P<.01, P=.013); however it decreased for 1 mm thickness (P<.01). The $a^{\ast}$ values increased for 1 mm and 1.5 mm thicknesses (P<.01), while it decreased for 0.5 mm specimens. The $b^{\ast}$ values increased significantly for all thicknesses (P<.01, P=.022). As the dentin ceramic thickness increased, significant reductions in $L^{\ast}$ values (P<.01) were recorded. There were significant increases in both $a^{\ast}$ and $b^{\ast}$ values (P<.01) as the dentin ceramic thickness increased. CONCLUSION. The number of firings and dentin ceramic thickness have a definite effect on the final color of all ceramic system tested. The mean ${\Delta}E$ value increased as the dentin ceramic thicknesses increased for zirconium-oxide based all ceramic specimens tested. However, the mean ${\Delta}E$ values were less than 3.7${\Delta}E$ units which is rated as a match in the oral environment.