• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.106-112
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• 2008

Bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are largely studied for their potential clinical use. But it is hard to get enough number of those cells for clinical trials and give serious pain to the patients. Adipose tissue is derived from the embryonic mesenchyme and contains a stroma that is easily isolated with large amount. This cell population (adipose derived stem cells: ADSCs) can be isolated from human lipoaspirates and like MSCs, differentiate toward the osteogenic, adipogenic, myogenic and chondrogenic lineages. To confirm whether adipose tissue contains stem cells, the ADSCs extracted from omental or subcutaneous fat tissue were expanded during third to fifth passages. The phenotype of the ADSCs was identified by the conventional cell surface markers using flow cytometry: positive for CD29 and CD44, but negative for CD34, CD45, CD117 and HLA-DR that similar to those observed on BMSCs. The ADSCs were able to differentiate into the osteoblast or adipocytes with induction media. Finally, ADACs expressed multiple CD marker antigens similar to those observed on BMSCs and differentiated into osteoblast, adipocyte. With this, human adipotissue contains multipotent cells and may represent an alternative stem cell source to bone marrow-derived MSCs.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.65-68
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• 2001

The major manifestations of aplastic anemia are characterized by persistent bone marrow aplasia and peripheral pancytopenia due to defective stem cells in which differentiation is not curtailed or preferential elimination of stem cells with self-renewal capacity, which results in serious complications such as bleeding and infection. Recent advances in the therapeutic modalities, such as bone marrow transplantation and immunosuppressive therapy, and in supportive measures as component transfusion and infection control with better quality of antibiotics resulted in an improved survival and subsequently increased possibility of complications which need surgical intervention. Considering the fact that surgery may not only control complications, but offers the opportunity to give effective therapy for aplastic anemia and therefore improves chances for survival, it is strongly suggested that active surgical intervention should be performed. We report a case of patient with aplastic anemia who had been performed surgical intervention of partial maxillectomy for the squamous cell carcinoma on maxilla without serious complications during perioperative and postoperative period.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.46 no.11
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• pp.1139-1142
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• 2003

Human parvovirus(HPV) B19 infection causes erythema infectiosum in children, sometimes red cell aplastic crisis with hemolytic anemia and chronic bone marrow failure in immunocompromised hosts. HPV B19 is directly cytotoxic for erythroid progenitor cells and inhibits erythropoiesis. Infrequently, HPV B19 inhibits hematopoiesis of three cell lineages and causes transient pancytopenia in patients with hemolytic disorders. We report three patients with hereditary spherocytosis who developed transient aplastic crisis. A HPV B19 infection was confirmed by IgM anti-B19 parvovirus titers and characteristic findings of bone marrow examination as the causative agent associated with severe pancytopenia. Three patients recovered spontaneously after a short period of supportive care with red cell transfusions and intravenous immunoglobulin.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.1501-1506
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• 2015

Gemcitabine is an anti-cancer drug with clinically uses in the treatment of various neoplasms, including breast, ovarian, non-small cell lung, pancreaticand cervical cancers, T-cell malignancies, germ cell tumours, and hepatocellular carcinomas. However, it has also been reported to have many adverse effects. Naturally occurring anti-mutagenic effects, especially those of plant origin, have recently become a subject of intensive research. The present study was therefore designed to investigate the anti-mutagenic effects of Salvia merjamie (Family: Lamiaceae) plant extracts against the mutagenic effects of gemcitabine. The anti-mutagenic properties of Salvia merjamie were tested in Inbred SWR/J male and female mice bone marrow cells. The mice were treated in four groups; a control group treated with 30 mg/kg body weight gemcitabine and three treatment groups, each with 30 mg/kg body weight gemcitabine together with, respectively, 50, 100 and 150 mg/kg body weight Salvia merjamie extract. Chromosomal aberration and mitotic index assays were performed with the results demonstrating that Salvia merjamie extract protects bone marrow cells in mice against gemcitabine induced mutagenicity. This information can be used for the development of a potential therapeutic anti-mutagenic agents.

• International Journal of Control, Automation, and Systems
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• v.4 no.5
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• pp.637-644
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• 2006

Biomedical image is often complex. An applied image analysis system should deal with the images which are of quite low quality and are challenging to segment. This paper presents a framework for color cell image segmentation by learning and classification online. It is a robust two-stage scheme using kernel method and watershed transform. In first stage, a two-class SVM is employed to discriminate the pixels of object from background; where the SVM is trained on the data which has been analyzed using the mean shift procedure. A real-time training strategy is also developed for SVM. In second stage, as the post-processing, local watershed transform is used to separate clustering cells. Comparison with the SSF (Scale space filter) and classical watershed-based algorithm (those are often employed for cell image segmentation) is given. Experimental results demonstrate that the new method is more accurate and robust than compared methods.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.787-801
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• 2001

The molecular mechanisms control the function of PDL(periodonta1 ligament) cells and/or fibroblasts remain unclear. PDLsl7, PDL-specific gene, had previousely　identified the cDNA for a novel protein from cultured　PDL fibroblasts using subtraction hybridization between gingival fibroblasts and　PDL fibroblasts. The purpose　of this study was to determine the regulation by growth factors and cytokines on　PDLsl7 gene expression in　cultured human periodontal ligament cells and observe the immunohistochemical　localization of PDLsl7 protein in various tissues of mouse. Primary PDL fibroblasts isolated by scraping the root of the extracted human mandibular third molars. The cells were incubated with various concentration of human recombinant $IL-1{\beta}$, PDGF-BB and TGF\;${\beta}$ for 48h nd 2 weeks. At each time point total RNA was extracted and the levels of transcription ere assessed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR assay). polyclonal antiserum raised against PDLsl7 peptides, CLSVSYNRSYQINE and SEAVHETDLHDGC, were made, and stained the tooth, periodontium, developing bone, bone marrow and mid-palatal suture of the mouse. The results were as follows. 1. PDLsl7 mRNA levels were increased in response to PDGF (10ng/ml) and $TGF\;{\beta}$(20ng/ml) after treatment of the $IL-1{\beta}$, PDGF-BB and $TGF{\beta}$for 48 h. 2. PDLsl7 was up-regulated only by $TGF{\beta}$(20 ng/ml) after treatment of the $IL-1{\beta}$, PDGF-BB and $TGF\;{\beta}$ for 2 weeks and unchanged by the other stimulants. 3. PDLsl7 was a novel protein coding the 142 amino acid peptides in the ORF and the nucleotide sequences of the obtained cDNA from RT-PCR was exactly same as the nucleotides of the database. 4. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that PDLsl7 is preferentially expressed in the PDL, differentiating osteoblast-like cells and stromal cells of the bone marrow in the adult mouse. 5. The expression of PDLsl7 protein was barely detectable in gingival fibroblasts, hematopoetic cells of the bone marrow and mature osteocytes of the alveolar bone. These results suggest that PDLsl7 might upregulated by PDGF-BB or $TGF{\beta}$ and acts at the initial stage of differentiation when the undifferentiated mesenchymal cells in the bone marrow and PDL differentiate into multiple cell types. However, more research needs to be performed to gain a better understanding of the exact function of PDLsl7 during the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal and PDL cells.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.97-106
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• 2010

Aim of the study: An alternative source of adult stem cells that could be obtained in large quantities, under local anesthesia, with minimal discomfort would be advantageous. Adipose tissue could be processed to obtain a fibroblast-like population of cells or adipose tissue-derived stromal cells (ATSCs). This study was performed to confirm the availability of ATSCs in bone tissue engineering. Materials amp; Methods: In this study, adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell was extracted from the liposuctioned abdominal fat of 24-old human and cultivated, and the stem cell surface markers of CD 105 and SCF-R were confirmed by immunofluorescent staining. The proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell and ATSCs were compared, and evaluated the osteogenic differentiation of ATSCs in a specific osteogenic induction medium. Osteogenic differentiation was assessed by von Kossa and alkaline phosphatase staining. Expression of osteocyte specific BMP-2, ALP, Cbfa-1, Osteopontin and osteocalcin were confirmed by RT-PCR. With differentiation of ATSCs, calcium concentration was assayed, and osteocalcin was evaluated by ELISA (Enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay). The bone formation by 5-week implantation of HA/TCP block loaded with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and ATSCs in the subcutaneous pocket of nude mouse was evaluated by histologic analysis. Results: ATSCs incubated in the osteogenic medium were stained positively for von Kossa and alkaline phosphatase staining. Expression of osteocyte specific genes was also detected. ATSCs could be easily identified through fluorescence microscopy, and bone formation in vivo was confirmed by using ATSC-loaded HA/TCP scaffold. Conclusions: The present results show that ATSCs have an ability to differentiate into osteoblasts and formed bone in vitro and in vivo. So ATSCs may be an ideal source for further experiments on stem cell biology and bone tissue engineering.

• Asian Oncology Nursing
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.5-17
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• 2001

It is known that aggressive treatment of chemotherapy, radiation and autogenous stem cell transplantation is effective for prevention of recurrence in the high-risk breast cancer patients. It was assumed that this procedure takes a longer time and decreases the quality of life more than the standard adjuvant chemotherapy. However, there are few studies comparing the quality of life of patients having bone marrow transplantation and adjuvant chemotherapy. Most of the studies were focused on the quality of life in one point of time, such as only during the early treatment stage, only overall quality of life rather than specific dimensions of the quality of life. The purposes of this study are 1) to identify the difference of the quality of life between two different treatment patterns, adjuvant chemotherapy and autogenous stem cell transplantation: 2) to identify the mostly affected dimension and the periods of time affected by the treatment patterns; and 3) to identify the trajectories of quality of life in each treatment pattern. This is a time series design that measures 4 different points of times. At the beginning of the study, 19 patients were placed in the chemotherapy group and 12 in the group of auto-peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. The inclusion criterion was the advanced disease stage of 3 or over with metastasis of more than 5 lymph nodes. The exclusion criteria were 1) anyone who has metastasis to other organ; 2) anyone who had psychological problems. Ferrell's Quality of Life Scale for Cancer Survivors 41 items on a 10 point scale was used. The QOL-CS includes 4 dimensions, which were labeled physical, psychological, social, and spiritual. The Cronbach‘s alpha of this scale was 0.89. Mann-Whitney U test and Friedman test were used to test each hypothesis. In comparison of the two groups, the quality of life of the bone marrow transplantation group dramatically increased at the 3rd and 6th month after transplantation, while the chemotherapy groups results stayed lower. The most affected dimension of the quality of life at the end of the treatment was the physical dimension. However, it and increased along with time, while the psychological dimension values remained low over the long-term period. Intensive nursing care is needed during the entire period of chemotherapy in all patients having chemotherapy, and is also required for right after cases of bone marrow transplantation.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.181-189
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• 2018

Background: Autogenous bone grafts have several limitations including donor-site problems and insufficient bone volume. To address these limitations, research on bone regeneration is being conducted actively. In this study, we investigate the effects of a three-dimensionally (3D) printed polycaprolactone (PCL)/tricalcium phosphate (TCP) scaffold on the osteogenic differentiation potential of adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) and bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMSCs). Methods: We investigated the extent of osteogenic differentiation on the first and tenth day and fourth week after cell culture. Cytotoxicity of the 3D printed $PCL/{\beta}-TCP$ scaffold was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium assay, prior to osteogenic differentiation analysis. ADSCs and BMSCs were divided into three groups: C, only cultured cells; M, cells cultured in the 3D printed $PCL/{\beta}-TCP$ scaffold; D, cells cultured in the 3D printed $PCL/{\beta}-TCP$ scaffold with a bone differentiation medium. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assay, von Kossa staining, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and Western blotting were performed for comparative analysis. Results: ALP assay and von Kossa staining revealed that group M had higher levels of osteogenic differentiation compared to group C. RT-PCR showed that gene expression was higher in group M than in group C, indicating that, compared to group C, osteogenic differentiation was more extensive in group M. Expression levels of proteins involved in ossification were higher in group M, as per the Western blotting results. Conclusion: Osteogenic differentiation was increased in mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) cultured in the 3D printed PCL/TCP scaffold compared to the control group. Osteogenic differentiation activity of MSCs cultured in the 3D printed PCL/TCP scaffold was lower than that of cells cultured on the scaffold in bone differentiation medium. Collectively, these results indicate that the 3D printed PCL/TCP scaffold promoted osteogenic differentiation of MSCs and may be widely used for bone tissue engineering.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.212-221
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• 2002

Objectives : Acording to the fact that Juakium has been frequently used in a lot of prescriptions to tonify bone marrow, We examined the hematopoietic effects of Juakium-derivative on aplastic anemia. Methods : After C57BL/6 mice were oral administrated with Juakium-derivative and injected with benzene, we counted the number of WBC, RBC, hemoglobin, platelet, nucleated cells and other erythroid parameters and weighed the spleen. Also we measured the expression of $CD34^+$ cell activity and analyzed the bone marrow tissue and spleen tissue histologically. Results : The results are summerized as follow: 1. The Juakium-derivative plus benzene group showed the improvement in the number of WBC, RBC, hemoglobin. platelet, nucleated cells and other erythroid parameters, compared with the benzene only group. 2. The spleen weight and the percent of $CD34^+$ cell of Juakium-derivative plus benzene group was higher, compared with the benzene only group. 3. The bone marrow tissue and spleen tissue of the Juakium-derivative plus benzene group showed the decrease of the infarcted area compared with the benzene only group. Conclusions : These results suggest that Juakium-derivative has hematopoietic effects on aplastic anemia induced by benzene through increasing the blood cells and stimulating the activity of $CD34^+$ cells. Therefore it is expected that Juakium-derivative can be used clinically to the patient with hematopoietic system disorder.