• 대한한의학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.116-135
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• 2013

Objectives: This study was intended to clarify how Jakyakkamchobuja-tang (hereinafter referred to JKBT) affects mice of C57BL/10 whose osteoarthritis was induced by papain. Methods: Osteoarthritis was induced in mice by injecting papain in the knee joint. Mice were divided into 4 groups (n=6). The normal group were not treated at all whereas the control group (OAC-control) were induced for osteoarthritis by papain and oral medicated with 200 ul of physiological saline per day. The positive comparison group (OAC-$Joins^{(R)}$) were injected with papain and after 7 days, 100 mg/kg of $Joins^{(R)}$ were medicated with 200 ul of physiological saline mixed. The experimental group (OAC-JKBT) were injected with papain and after 7 days were medicated with 400 mg/kg of JKBT mixed with 200 ul of physiological saline. OAC-$Joins^{(R)}$ and OAC-JKBT were oral medicated for each substance for a total of 4 weeks, once per day. After experiments (from 1 week after injection of papain to 4 weeks elapsed), the function of liver and kidney, inflammation cytokine values within serum, degree of revelation for inflammation cytokine genes, immune cells within blood, metabolism of arachidonic acid and amount of cartilage were measured and histopathological variations for knee joint structures were observed. Results: Functions of liver and kidney were not affected. IL-$1{\beta}$ (interleukin-$1{\beta}$), MCP-1 (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1) and TNF-${\alpha}$ (tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$) were significantly reduced and IL-6 (interleukin-6) was also reduced but not significantly. After analyzing inflammation cytokine in joints with mRNA (messenger ribonucleic acid), revelation of IL-6, TNF-${\alpha}$, COX-2 (cyclooxygenase-2) and iNOS-II (inducible nitric oxide synthase-II) were all significantly reduced. Revelation of IL-$1{\beta}$ gene was also reduced but not significantly. Neutrophil for WBC (white blood cell) within serum was significantly reduced; monocyte was also reduced but not significantly. PGE2 (prostaglandin E2), TXB2 (thromboxane B2) were significantly reduced and LTB4 (leukotriene B4) was also reduced but not significantly. Destruction of cartilage on micro CT (computed tomography)-arthrography was reduced but had no significant differences. In terms of histopathology, infiltration of inflammation, proliferation of synovial membrane, subsidence of cartilage and bone due to penetration of excessive formation of synovial cell and destruction of cartilage were small (H&E (hematoxylin and eosin), safranine O staining). Conclusions: Based on these results, Jakyakkamchobuja-tang (JKBT) is believed to be useful for suppressing the progress of osteoarthritis and its treatments because of its anti-inflammatory effects and alleviation of pain with histopathological effective efficacy.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2001년도 추계학술발표대회
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• pp.867-870
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• 2001

아급성 독성 시험으로부터, 미립구내의 레티노익 산을 기준으로 한 투여량이 100mg/kg 일때는 4마리의 치사 개체가 보이는 등의 심각한 독성 효과가 유발되었으며, 25 및 50mg/kg인 경우에 독성 효과가 거의 나타나지 않음을 관찰하였다. 50mg/kg의 투여량의 경우, 일부 동물에서 뼈골절 현상이 나타났지만, 이러한 독성효과는 항염증제를 같이 투여함으로써 극복될 수 있을 것으로 생각되어졌다. 따라서, 앞으로의 실험에서는 항염증제를 이용하여, 가능한 독성을 억제하연서, 보다 빠른 기간 내에 상태가 회복될 수 있도록 하는 연구를 행할 것이다.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.127-131
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• 2005

Purpose : We performed the present study to investigate whether osteotropic hormomes play roles on the nitric oxide (NO) production in culture of ROS 17/12.8 osteoblastic cells. Materials and Methods : The osteoblastic cell line ROS17/2.8 cells were cultured In F12 medium supplemented with $5\%$ fetal bovine serum (FBS) at $37^{\circ}C$ in a humidified atmosphere of $5\%\;CO_2$ in air. ROS17/2.8 cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of $2-3\times10^3cells/well$ and grown to confluence. Then the cells were pretreated with osteotropic hormones (parathyroid hormone (PTH) 20-500 ng/mL, 1, 25-dihydroxycholecalciferol $(1,\;25[OH]_2D_3)$ 1-100 nM; prostaglandin $E_2 (PGE_2)$ 20-500 ng/mL in the medium supplemented with $0.4\%$ FBS for 72 hours and the cells were treated with cytokines $(TNF{\alpha}\;and\;IFN{\gamma})$ in phenol red-free F12 medium for an additional 48 hours. NO synthesis was assessed by measuring the nitrite anion concentration, the reaction product of NO, in the cell culture medium using Griess reagent. Results : PTH and $1,\;25[OH]_2D_3$ pretreatment induced a significant increase in NO production in the presence of $TNF{\alpha}\;and\;IFN{\gamma}.\;PGE_2$ slightly induced NO production compared to the control group. But, $PGE_2$ pretreatment did not affect in NO production in the presence of $TNF{\alpha}\;and\;IFN{\gamma}$. Conclusions : These results suggest that the actions of osteotropic hormones In bone metabolism may be partially mediated by NO in the presence of cytokines.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.629-638
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• 2008

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to compare and quantify the expression of Stromelysin-1 and MT-MMP-1 in the gingival tissues of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(DM) and healthy adults with chronic periodontitis. Materials and Methods: Gingival tissue samples were obtained during periodontal surgery or tooth extraction. According to the patient's systemic condition & clinical criteria of gingiva, each gingival sample was devided into three groups. Group 1 (n=8) is clinically healthy gingiva without bleeding and no evidence of bone resorption or periodontal pockets, obtained from systemically healthy 8 patients. Group 2 (n=8) is inflammed gingiva from patients with chronic periodontitis. Group 3 (n=8) is inflammed gingiva from patients with chronic periodontitis associated with type 2 DM. Tissue samples were prepared and analyzed by Western blotting. The quantification of Stromelysin-1 and MT-MMP-1 were performed using a densitometer and statistically analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey test. Results: In the analysis of expression levels, Stromelysin-1 and MT-MMP-1 expressions were similar in group 1 and 2. Stromelysin-1 and MT-MMP-1 expressions was more increased in group 3 than group 1, 2. The difference between group 3 and group 1, 2 was statistically significant. Also, in the interrelationship of Stromelysin-1 and MT-MMP-1 expressions, expressions of Stromelysin-1 and MT-MMP-1 showed increasing tendency in chronic periodontitis associated with type 2 DM and it seems that the MT-MMP-1 expressions were increasing in proportion to Stromelysin-1 expressions. Conclusion: It is suggested that Stromelysin-1 and MT-MMP-1 may be partly involved in the progression of periodontal inflammation associated with type 2 DM, as related to a metabolism of other factors, such as AGE, plasmin and other inflammatory mediators. Therefore, the expression levels of Stromelysin-1 and MT-MMP-1 can be inflammatory markers of periodontal inflammed tissue with type 2 DM.

• 대한골관절종양학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.82-87
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• 2000

종양성 석회증은 칼슘과 인산의 대사장애 없이 관절주위의 연부조직에 석회성분의 침착을 일으키는 질환으로 그 원인은 정확히 알려져 있지 않으며, 발생빈도는 매우 드물며 주로 흑인에서 발생한 예들이 보고되어 있으나 황인종에서 수 차례 재발되어 보고된 예는 아직 없다. 이에 저자들은 우측 슬관절과 대퇴부에 발생하여 수 차례 재발된 종양성 석회증 1예를 경험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하고자 한다. 21세 여자 환자로서 우측 슬관절과 대퇴부 후방의 종괴를 주소로 내원하였으며 과거력상 14년 전부터 타 병원에서 4차례에 걸쳐 생검 및 제거술을 실시하였으나 재발을 반복하였다. 치료로서 제거 가능한 종괴의 철저한 변연 절제술을 시행하였으며 조직학적 소견상 종양성 석회증으로 진단되었던 예이었다. 술 후 24개월 이상 추시 관찰하여 현재까지 재발의 소견이 없었다. 저자들은 황인종에서 발생빈도가 드문 재발된 종양성 석회증 1예를 보고하는 바이다.

• 대한골관절종양학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.41-46
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• 2000

다발성 황색종을 보이는 가족성 고콜레스테롤혈증 환자 1례를 경험하고 수술 및 내과적 치료를 병행하였으며, 계속 추적관찰 중이기에 문헌고찰과 함께 이에 보고하고자 한다. 전신 22 곳에 다발성 황색종을 보이는 26세 남자의 가족성 고콜레스테롤혈증 환자에서 17군데의 황색종을 수술적으로 절제하고, 고콜레스테롤혈증에 대하여는 내과적 약물치료를 병행하였으며, 술 후 13개월 이상 추적 관찰하였다. 환자는 정상적인 수술창의 치유과정을 보였고, 술 후 Simvastatin 약물치료를 병행하고 있으며, 1년 후 최종추시시 종괴의 재발은 없었으나 고콜레스테롤혈증의 치료는 미세한 변화만을 보여 계속 내과적 추적관찰 중이다. 가족성 고콜레스테롤혈증은 저밀도지단백 콜레스테롤의 증가, 건 황색종 및 관상동맥 질환을 특징으로 하며, 상염색체 우성으로 유전되는 지질대사의 장애를 보이는 질환이다. 황색종은 보통 10대에 처음 발견되고 조기 진단에 중요한 단서가 될 수 있으며, 특히 종골건 황색종은 가족성 고콜레스테롤혈증의 첫 번째 임상징후로 나타날 수 있다. 고콜레스테롤혈증은 관상동맥경화증의 위험이 높아 조기 진단과 치료가 중요하며, 이에 정형외과 의사도 황색종의 수술적 제거외에 이러한 숨어 있는 질환을 진단할 수 있어야 하겠다.

• 한국표면공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국표면공학회 2016년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.197-197
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• 2016

Commercially pure titanium (CP Ti) and Ti-6Al-4V alloys have been widely used for biomedical applications. However, the use of the Ti-6Al-4V alloy in biomaterial is then a subject of controversy because aluminum ions and vanadium oxide have potential detrimental influence on the human body due to vanadium and aluminum. Hence, recent works showed that the synthesis of new Ti-based alloys for implant application involves more biocompatible metallic alloying element, such as, Nb, Hf, Zr and Mo. In particular, Nb and Hf are one of the most effective Ti ${\beta}-stabilizer$ and reducing the elastic modulus. Plasma electrolyte oxidation (PEO) is known as excellent method in the biocompatibility of biomaterial due to quickly coating time and controlled coating condition. The anodized oxide layer and diameter modulation of Ti alloys can be obtained function of improvement of cell adhesion. Manganese(Mn) plays very important roles in essential for normal growth and metabolism of skeletal tissue in vertebrates and can be detected as minor constituents in teeth and bone. Radio frequency(RF) magnetron sputtering in the various PVD methods has high deposition rates, high-purity films, extremely high adhesion of films, and excellent uniform layers for depositing a wide range of materials, including metals, alloys and ceramics like a hydroxyapatite. The aim of this study is to research the Mn coatings on the micro-pore formed Ti-29Nb-xHf alloys by RF-magnetron sputtering for dental applications. Ti-29Nb-xHf (x= 0, 3, 7 and 15wt%, mass fraction) alloys were prepared Ti-29Nb-xHf alloys of containing Hf up from 0 wt% to 15 wt% were melted by using a vacuum furnace. Ti-29Nb-xHf alloys were homogenized for 2 hr at $1050^{\circ}C$. Each alloy was anodized in solution containing typically 0.15 M calcium acetate monohydrate + 0.02 M calcium glycerophosphate at room temperature. A direct current power source was used for the process of anodization. Anodized alloys was prepared using 270V~300V anodization voltage at room. Mn coatings was produced by RF-magnetron sputtering system. RF power of 100W was applied to the target for 1h at room temperature. The microstructure, phase and composition of Mn coated oxide surface of Ti-29Nb-xHf alloys were examined by FE-SEM, EDS, and XRD.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.187-193
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• 2014

충치는 사람의 구강질환 중 가장 흔한 질환으로 Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans)균이 초기 충치를 형성하는데 매우 중요한 역할을 담당한다. Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis)는 대표적인 구취 유발균으로 구취 형성에 중요한 휘발성 황화합물을 생성하는데 관여한다. 치주질환은 치은결체조직과 치조골의 파괴를 유발하여 치아의 상실을 초래할 수 있는 만성 염증성 질환으로 Prevotella intermedia (P. intermedia)가 원인균이다. 이번 연구에서는 cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), sodium fluoride (NaF), 녹차 추출액, 솔잎 추출액을 유효성분으로 하는 마우스워시 제품을 사용하여 S. mutans 균을 포함, 구강질환 균으로 널리 알려진 P. gingivalis, P. intermedia 대해 항균 효과를 확인하고자 하였다. 그 결과 시험군의 경우 S. mutans, P. gingivalis 에 대해 30 s 내에 4.00 Log, 4.68 Log의 사멸력을 확인하였고, P. intermedia의 경우 30 s 2.40 Log, 60 s 2.70 Log 사멸력을 확인하였다. 또한 Dentocult SM Strip mutans (SM Strip) 염색방법을 적용하여 S. mutans 균의 감소여부를 시각적 자료로 쉽게 확인할 수 있었다. 이와 같은 결과를 통해 CPC, NaF, 녹차 추출액, 솔잎 추출액을 포함한 마우스워시 제품은 구강균 사멸을 통해 충치 및 구취와 같은 구강질환 예방에 효과가 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.779-783
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• 2006

The adiponectin gene is known to be involved in the regulation of energy homeostasis involving food intake, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Human adiponectin gene polymorphisms have been recently reported to be associated with obesity, insulin sensitivity and the risk of type 2 diabetes. The present study was carried out to investigate the porcine adiponectin gene as a candidate gene for fat deposition and carcass traits. A mutation of A178G of the porcine adiponectin gene that resulted in substitution of the amino acid Isoleucine to Valine was identified. AcyI PCR-RFLP was used to detect the polymorphism of the genotypes in five different pig populations (Large White, Landrace, Duroc, Chinese breeds Meishan and Qingping). The A allele frequency was significantly higher among subjects from Chinsese lard type breeds, while the G allele was the only one present in those from Western lean type breeds. To determine if there was an association of the polymorphism with phenotypic variation, the mutation was tested in 267 pigs of the "Large $White{\times}Meishan$" F2 resource population. The results of association analyses showed significant associations of the genotypes with fat deposition and carcass traits. Allele G was significantly associated with increase in loin eye height, loin eye area and lean meat percentage and bone percentage, and decrease in fat mean percentage, ratio of lean to fat, shoulder fat thickness, 6-7 rib fat thickness, thorax-waist fat thickness and buttock fat thickness. The substitution of A178G (Ile60Val) happened to be located at amino acid 60 in the collagenous domain of porcine adiponectin which might affect the association into higher-order structures, and accordingly affect the posttranslational modifications and optimal biological activity of the multimeric forms. The identified functional polymorphism provides new evidence of adiponectin as an important candidate gene affecting fat deposition and carcass traits in pigs.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.208-213
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• 2004

In this study, we examined the effects of dietary 1,3-diacylglycerol (DG) compared to conventional triacylglycerol (TG) oil on the postprandial response of total and chylomicron TG, glucose, insulin, and free fatty acid (FFA). This study was conducted using a cross-over design. Ninety subjects participated in the high-fat meal tolerance test where they were randomly assigned to consume two experimental sandwiches containing mayonnaise with TG or DG oil with a seven-day interval. Blood samples were collected before ingestion and at 2, 3, 4 and 6 hr time point after ingestion and analyzed for total and chylomicron TG, glucose, insulin, FFA and phospholipid fatty acid composition. Both TG and DG ingestion had similar effects on postprandial TG response, but a different response from chylomicron TG. Compared with the TG group, TG levels were significantly lower only at 6 hr time point in the DG group. On the other hand, chylomicron TG rose steeply at 2 hr time point and decreased faster in this group. Also, the adjusted value to fasting levels was the same as the unadjusted level. Fasting levels and net differences in insulin were significantly lower at 3 hr time point where chylomicron TG levels were significantly lower in the DG group. But those of glucose and FFA in the TG and DG groups did not differ significantly. Fasting and postprandial levels of fatty acid composition in serum phospholipids in the two groups did not differ significantly. In conclusion, this study indicated that one could reduce the magnitude of postprandial lipemia without influencing glucose metabolism by consumning DG oil as a substitute for TG oil. Based on the correlation of coronary artery disease and postprandial lipemia, dietary DG ingestion might have a beneficial effect in treating such a disease. Further studies are required to clarify the long-tenn effects of dietary DG on blood lipid levels in humans.